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Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi

Year 2014, , 105 - 111, 01.01.2014

Selma Alim Aydın Nilgün Çakır Beyhan Küçükbayrak

https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421

Abstract

İdrar yolu enfeksiyonları, çocukluk çağı enfeksiyon hastalıkları içinde en sık görülen bakteriyel enfeksiyonlardır. İdrar yolu enfeksiyonlarında sık görülen etkenleri etkileyebilecek çok sayıda antibiyotik bulunmasına rağmen, bu enfeksiyonlarda kronikleşme ortadan kaldırılamamıştır. Bunun nedeni konağa ve mikroorganizmaya ait çeşitli faktörlerin yanı sıra, etkin olmayan tedavi yöntemleri veya antibiyotiklere karşı gelişen dirençtir.İdrar yolu enfeksiyonu olan çocuklarda ampirik olarak sık kullanılan ampisilin, ampisilin–sulbaktam, amoksisilin–klavunatik asit, TMP-SMX ve sefalosporinlere karşı direncin yüksek olduğu, bu nedenle de başlangıç tedavisi olarak bu antibiyotikler seçildiğinde antibiyotik duyarlılık testine göre tedavinin tekrar gözden geçirilmesi gerekmektedir. Her ülke ve her bölgenin kendi epidemiyolojik verilerindeki antimikrobiyal direnç özelliklerine göre tedavi ve profilaksi planlarını düzenlemesi gereklidir.

Keywords

Enfeksiyon tedavi üriner sistem

References

  • 1. Cataldi L, Mussap M, Fanos V. Urinary tract infections in infants and children. Congress Report. 3 May 2006.
  • 2. Sobel JD. Pathogenesis of urinary tract infection. Role of host defenses. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1997 Sep;11(3):531-49.
  • 3. Sirin A, Emre S, Alpay H, et al. Etiology of chronic renal failure in Turkish children. Pediatr Nephrol 1995; 9(5):547-52.
  • 4. Öner A, Bülbül M, Demircin G, Erdoğan Ö. Etiology and outcome in 174 children with chronic renal failure. Ped Nephrol 2000:16,8(6):L95,P196.
  • 5. M.Bülbül, K.Bek, Ö.Erdoğan, A. Delibaş, G.Demircin, A. Öner. VUR: Çocuklarda Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliğinin Önemli Bir Nedeni. Antalya :19. Ulusal Nefroloji Hipertansiyon Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Kongresi, 2002, Antalya.
  • 6. Newman T, MD, Bernzweig A, Takayama J, Finch S. Urine Testing and Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants Seen in Office Settings. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:44- 54.
  • 7. Swerkerson S, Jodal U, Sixt R, Stokland E, Hansson S. Relationship among vesicoureteral reflux, urinary tract infection and renal damage in children. J Urol 2007 Aug;178(2):647- 51
  • 8. Steven L, Chang MD, Linda D, et al. Pediatric urinary tract infections. Pediatr Clin N Am 2006;53(3):376-400.
  • 9. Long SS, Klein JO. Bacterial infections of urinary tract. In: Remigton JS, Klein JO, eds. Infectious diseases of fetus and newborn infants, 6th edn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2006:335-46.
  • 10. Szlyk GR, Williams SB, Majd M, Belman AB, Rushton HG. Incidence of New Renal Parenchymal Inflammatory Changes Following Breakthrough Urinary Tract Infection in Patients With Vesicoureteral Reflux Treated With Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Evaluation by 99mTechnetium Dimercapto-Succinic Acid Renal Scan. J Urol 2003 Oct;170(4Pt 2):1566-8
  • 11. Loening-Bauche V. Urinary incontinance and urinary tract infection and their resolution with treatment of chronic constipation of childhood. Pediatrics 1997;2:228-32
  • 12. Gür D. Bakterilerde antibiyotiklere karşı direnç, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji si. Ed; Topçu AW, Söyletir G ve Doganay M, 2002;1.cilt:182-192.
  • 13. Erdem H, Avcı A ve Pahsa A. Toplum kaynaklı üropatojenik Escherichia coli suşlarında antibakteriyel direnç. Ankem Dergisi 2004;18(1):40-44.
  • 14. Canbaz S, Peksen Y, Sunter AT, Leblebicioglu H ve Sunbul M . Antibiotic prescribing and urinary tract infection. Int J Antimicrobial Agents 2002;20:407-411.
  • 15. Kocagöz S. Üriner sistem infeksiyonlarında direnç sorunu, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları. Ed; Uzun Ö ve Ünal S, Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, Ankara. 2001;1. Cilt:373-378
  • 16. Zhanel GG, Hisanaga TL, Laing NM, DeCorby MR, Nichol KA, Weshnoweski B et al. final results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Colaborative Alliance (NAUTICA). Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli outpatient urinary isolates. Int J Antimicrobial Agents 2006; 27:468-475.
  • 17. Miller LG, Tang AW. Treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2004;79(8):1048-1054.
  • 18. Çolak H. Üst üriner sistem infeksiyonları, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları. Ed; Uzun Ö ve Ünal S, Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, Ankara. 2001;1.cilt,343- 355.
  • 19. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committe on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection. Practice Parameter: The diagnosis, treatment, and evalution of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics,1999;103:843-852 .
  • 20. Gauthier M, Chevalier I, Sterescu A, et al. Treatment of urinary tract infections among febrile young children with daily intravenous antibiotic therapy at a day treatment center. Pediatrics 2004;114(4):469-76.
  • 21. Baumer JH. Urinary tract infection in children diagnosis, treatment and long-term management : National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children’s Health Commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence August 2007.
  • 22. Gupta K. Emerging antibiotic resistance in urinary tract pathogens. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2003;17(2):243-59.
  • 23. Jack S.Elder. Urologic disorders in infants and children. In: Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB.(eds). Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18 th ed.Saunders , Phildelphia 2007;1780 -90.
  • 24. Chon C, Lai F, Shortliffe LM. Pediatric urinary tract infections. Pediatr Clin N Am 2001;48:1441 -1459.
  • 25. Stephanie A.Lutter, MD, et al. Antibiotic resistance patterns in children hospitalized for urinary tract infections. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159: 924-928.
  • 26. Ashkenazi S, Even -Tov S, Samra Z, et al. Uropathogens of various childhood populations and their antibiotic susceptibility. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1991;10(10):742 -6.
  • 27. Arrieta AC, Bradley JS. Empiric use of cefepime in the treatment of serious urinary tract infection in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001;20(3):350 -5.
  • 28. Baskin MN, O’Rourke EJ, Fleisher GR. Outpatient treatment of febrile infants 28 to 89 days of age with intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone. J Pediatr 1992;120(1):22 -7.
  • 29. Hoberman A, Wald ER, Hickey RW, et al. Oral versus initial intravenous therapy for urinary tract infection in young febril children. Pediatrics 1999; 104:79 -86.
  • 30. Goldman JA, Kearns GL. Fluoroquinolone Use in Paediatrics:Focus on Safety and Place in Therapy. WHO, 18th Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines (2011).
  • 31. Bacius V, Verrier -Jones K. Urinary tract infection. In: Cochat P (ed). European Society for Pediatric Nephrology Handbook. Medcom, Lyon 2002: 153 -57.
  • 32. Bing Dai, Yawei Liu, Jieshuang Jia, Changlin Mei. Long -term antibiotics for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and meta - analysis. Arch Dis Child 2010;95:499 -508
  • 33. Conway PH, Cnaan A, Zaoutis T, et al. Recurrent urinary infection in children: risk factors and association with prophylactic antimicrobials. JAMA 2007;298(2):179-86.
  • 34. Subcommittee On Urinary Tract Infection, Steering Committee On Quality Improvement And Management. Urinary Tract Infection: Clinical Practice Guideline forthe Diagnosis and Management of the Initial UTI in Febrile Infants and Children 2 to 24 Months. Pediatrics 2011;128;595

Treatment of urinary tract infection in children

Year 2014, , 105 - 111, 01.01.2014

Selma Alim Aydın Nilgün Çakır Beyhan Küçükbayrak

https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421

Abstract

Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections in childhood. Although there are many antibiotics that are effective on their causative agents, it has still not been possible to prevent chronic cases. The main reasons are the various factors related to the host and the microorganism together with ineffective treatment methods and developing resistance to antibiotics.In conclusion, there was high resistance against the ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, co-trimoxazole and cephalosporins that are frequently used empirically in childhood urinary tract infections. It is therefore necessary to review the treatment according to the antibiogram when these antibiotics are started initially. Treatment and prophylaxis has to be planned according to the antimicrobial resistance pattern found in the epidemiological data of each country and region.

Keywords

Infection treatment urinary tract

References

  • 1. Cataldi L, Mussap M, Fanos V. Urinary tract infections in infants and children. Congress Report. 3 May 2006.
  • 2. Sobel JD. Pathogenesis of urinary tract infection. Role of host defenses. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1997 Sep;11(3):531-49.
  • 3. Sirin A, Emre S, Alpay H, et al. Etiology of chronic renal failure in Turkish children. Pediatr Nephrol 1995; 9(5):547-52.
  • 4. Öner A, Bülbül M, Demircin G, Erdoğan Ö. Etiology and outcome in 174 children with chronic renal failure. Ped Nephrol 2000:16,8(6):L95,P196.
  • 5. M.Bülbül, K.Bek, Ö.Erdoğan, A. Delibaş, G.Demircin, A. Öner. VUR: Çocuklarda Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliğinin Önemli Bir Nedeni. Antalya :19. Ulusal Nefroloji Hipertansiyon Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Kongresi, 2002, Antalya.
  • 6. Newman T, MD, Bernzweig A, Takayama J, Finch S. Urine Testing and Urinary Tract Infections in Febrile Infants Seen in Office Settings. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:44- 54.
  • 7. Swerkerson S, Jodal U, Sixt R, Stokland E, Hansson S. Relationship among vesicoureteral reflux, urinary tract infection and renal damage in children. J Urol 2007 Aug;178(2):647- 51
  • 8. Steven L, Chang MD, Linda D, et al. Pediatric urinary tract infections. Pediatr Clin N Am 2006;53(3):376-400.
  • 9. Long SS, Klein JO. Bacterial infections of urinary tract. In: Remigton JS, Klein JO, eds. Infectious diseases of fetus and newborn infants, 6th edn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2006:335-46.
  • 10. Szlyk GR, Williams SB, Majd M, Belman AB, Rushton HG. Incidence of New Renal Parenchymal Inflammatory Changes Following Breakthrough Urinary Tract Infection in Patients With Vesicoureteral Reflux Treated With Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Evaluation by 99mTechnetium Dimercapto-Succinic Acid Renal Scan. J Urol 2003 Oct;170(4Pt 2):1566-8
  • 11. Loening-Bauche V. Urinary incontinance and urinary tract infection and their resolution with treatment of chronic constipation of childhood. Pediatrics 1997;2:228-32
  • 12. Gür D. Bakterilerde antibiyotiklere karşı direnç, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji si. Ed; Topçu AW, Söyletir G ve Doganay M, 2002;1.cilt:182-192.
  • 13. Erdem H, Avcı A ve Pahsa A. Toplum kaynaklı üropatojenik Escherichia coli suşlarında antibakteriyel direnç. Ankem Dergisi 2004;18(1):40-44.
  • 14. Canbaz S, Peksen Y, Sunter AT, Leblebicioglu H ve Sunbul M . Antibiotic prescribing and urinary tract infection. Int J Antimicrobial Agents 2002;20:407-411.
  • 15. Kocagöz S. Üriner sistem infeksiyonlarında direnç sorunu, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları. Ed; Uzun Ö ve Ünal S, Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, Ankara. 2001;1. Cilt:373-378
  • 16. Zhanel GG, Hisanaga TL, Laing NM, DeCorby MR, Nichol KA, Weshnoweski B et al. final results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Colaborative Alliance (NAUTICA). Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli outpatient urinary isolates. Int J Antimicrobial Agents 2006; 27:468-475.
  • 17. Miller LG, Tang AW. Treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2004;79(8):1048-1054.
  • 18. Çolak H. Üst üriner sistem infeksiyonları, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları. Ed; Uzun Ö ve Ünal S, Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, Ankara. 2001;1.cilt,343- 355.
  • 19. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committe on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection. Practice Parameter: The diagnosis, treatment, and evalution of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics,1999;103:843-852 .
  • 20. Gauthier M, Chevalier I, Sterescu A, et al. Treatment of urinary tract infections among febrile young children with daily intravenous antibiotic therapy at a day treatment center. Pediatrics 2004;114(4):469-76.
  • 21. Baumer JH. Urinary tract infection in children diagnosis, treatment and long-term management : National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children’s Health Commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence August 2007.
  • 22. Gupta K. Emerging antibiotic resistance in urinary tract pathogens. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2003;17(2):243-59.
  • 23. Jack S.Elder. Urologic disorders in infants and children. In: Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB.(eds). Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18 th ed.Saunders , Phildelphia 2007;1780 -90.
  • 24. Chon C, Lai F, Shortliffe LM. Pediatric urinary tract infections. Pediatr Clin N Am 2001;48:1441 -1459.
  • 25. Stephanie A.Lutter, MD, et al. Antibiotic resistance patterns in children hospitalized for urinary tract infections. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159: 924-928.
  • 26. Ashkenazi S, Even -Tov S, Samra Z, et al. Uropathogens of various childhood populations and their antibiotic susceptibility. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1991;10(10):742 -6.
  • 27. Arrieta AC, Bradley JS. Empiric use of cefepime in the treatment of serious urinary tract infection in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001;20(3):350 -5.
  • 28. Baskin MN, O’Rourke EJ, Fleisher GR. Outpatient treatment of febrile infants 28 to 89 days of age with intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone. J Pediatr 1992;120(1):22 -7.
  • 29. Hoberman A, Wald ER, Hickey RW, et al. Oral versus initial intravenous therapy for urinary tract infection in young febril children. Pediatrics 1999; 104:79 -86.
  • 30. Goldman JA, Kearns GL. Fluoroquinolone Use in Paediatrics:Focus on Safety and Place in Therapy. WHO, 18th Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines (2011).
  • 31. Bacius V, Verrier -Jones K. Urinary tract infection. In: Cochat P (ed). European Society for Pediatric Nephrology Handbook. Medcom, Lyon 2002: 153 -57.
  • 32. Bing Dai, Yawei Liu, Jieshuang Jia, Changlin Mei. Long -term antibiotics for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and meta - analysis. Arch Dis Child 2010;95:499 -508
  • 33. Conway PH, Cnaan A, Zaoutis T, et al. Recurrent urinary infection in children: risk factors and association with prophylactic antimicrobials. JAMA 2007;298(2):179-86.
  • 34. Subcommittee On Urinary Tract Infection, Steering Committee On Quality Improvement And Management. Urinary Tract Infection: Clinical Practice Guideline forthe Diagnosis and Management of the Initial UTI in Febrile Infants and Children 2 to 24 Months. Pediatrics 2011;128;595
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Selma Alim Aydın This is me

Nilgün Çakır This is me

Beyhan Küçükbayrak This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014

Cite

APA Aydın, S. A., Çakır, N., & Küçükbayrak, B. (2014). Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi. Abant Medical Journal, 3(1), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421
AMA Aydın SA, Çakır N, Küçükbayrak B. Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi. Abant Med J. January 2014;3(1):105-111. doi:10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421
Chicago Aydın, Selma Alim, Nilgün Çakır, and Beyhan Küçükbayrak. “Çocuklarda Üriner Sistem enfeksiyonlarında Tedavi”. Abant Medical Journal 3, no. 1 (January 2014): 105-11. https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421.
EndNote Aydın SA, Çakır N, Küçükbayrak B (January 1, 2014) Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi. Abant Medical Journal 3 1 105–111.
IEEE S. A. Aydın, N. Çakır, and B. Küçükbayrak, “Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi”, Abant Med J, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 105–111, 2014, doi: 10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421.
ISNAD Aydın, Selma Alim et al. “Çocuklarda Üriner Sistem enfeksiyonlarında Tedavi”. Abant Medical Journal 3/1 (January 2014), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421.
JAMA Aydın SA, Çakır N, Küçükbayrak B. Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi. Abant Med J. 2014;3:105–111.
MLA Aydın, Selma Alim et al. “Çocuklarda Üriner Sistem enfeksiyonlarında Tedavi”. Abant Medical Journal, vol. 3, no. 1, 2014, pp. 105-11, doi:10.5505/abantmedj.2014.89421.
Vancouver Aydın SA, Çakır N, Küçükbayrak B. Çocuklarda Üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında tedavi. Abant Med J. 2014;3(1):105-11.