Yapay Zeka Teknolojilerinin KBRN Adli Bilimlerinde Kullanımı

Öz

Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyolojik ve Nükleer (KBRN) olayları halk sağlığı, çevre ve ulusal güvenlik için tehdit oluşturmaktadır. KBRN adli soruşturmaları ve analizleri saldırganları tespit etmek ve ikincil saldırıları önlemek için hayati öneme sahiptir. Ancak KBRN olayları oldukça karmaşıktır ve geleneksel adli yöntemler bazen yetersiz kalmaktadır. KBRN adli bilimleri ve yapay zekanın (YZ) kesişimi sorunlara yaratıcı ve etkili çözümler sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma YZ teknolojilerinin YZ ile ilgili adli bilimlerde kullanımını araştırmaktadır. Örneğin, derin öğrenme, makine öğrenmesi, sinir ağları ve olasılıksal yaklaşımlar gibi yöntemler karmaşık KBRN kanıtlarının analizinde sıklıkla kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu şekilde suç mahalli verileri daha hızlı ve daha doğru bir şekilde analiz edilebilmektedir. Yapay zeka tabanlı sistemlerin düşük kaliteli görüntüleri iyileştirme, alışılmadık davranışları tespit etme ve ses ve videoyu daha hassas bir şekilde analiz etmedeki hataları azaltmadaki etkisi oldukça etkileyicidir. Sanal otopsi, genetik profilleme, metagenomik algoritmalar ve RNA ekspresyon analizleri gibi uygulamalar da soruşturmalar için daha yaygın hale gelmektedir. Ayrıca, suç mahallerini simüle etmek ve kararları iyileştirmek için yeni test edilen teknolojiler arasında robotlar, sensör füzyonu, dijital ikizler ve artırılmış gerçeklik gibi yeni nesil teknolojiler yer alıyor. Öte yandan, bu teknolojiler bazı riskler ve zorluklar da getiriyor. Kişisel ve hassas verilerin korunması ve dijital dolandırıcılıkla (deepfake gibi) mücadele gibi konular ön plana çıkıyor. Ayrıca, AI sonuçlarının yasal davalarda nasıl kullanılabileceği konusunda bir fikir birliği yok. AI, adli bilimin geleneksel standart prosedürlerinde önemli değişiklikler getirme potansiyeline sahip. Sürü zekası, dijital ikizler ve otonom sistemler gibi yeni teknolojiler, acil durum ekiplerinin daha hızlı ve gecikmeden hareket etmesine yardımcı olabilir. Psikofizyolojik izleme gibi AI araçları da ekiplerin birlikte çalışma ve karar alma şeklini iyileştirebilir. Bu değişim yalnızca daha iyi eğitim, etik ve küresel iş birliği ile mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• KBRN
• Adli Bilimler
• Yapay Zeka
• Acil Müdahale

Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in CBRN Forensic Sciences

Öz

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) incidents pose a threat to public health, the environment, and national security. CBRN forensic investigations and analyses are vital to detecting attackers and preventing secondary attacks. However, CBRN incidents are very complex and traditional forensic methods are sometimes inadequate. The intersection of CBRN forensics and artificial intelligence (AI) offers creative and effective solutions to the problems. This study explores the use of AI technologies in CBRN-related forensic science. For example, methods such as deep learning, machine learning, neural networks, and probabilistic approaches have become frequently used in the analysis of complex CBRN evidence. In this way, crime scene data can be analyzed faster and more accurately. The impact of AI-based systems in improving low-quality images, detecting unusual behaviors, and reducing errors in analyzing audio and video more precisely is quite impressive. Applications such as virtual autopsy, genetic profiling, metagenomic algorithms, and RNA expression analyses are also becoming more common for investigations. In addition, new generation technologies such as robots, sensor fusion, digital twins and augmented reality are among the newly tested technologies to simulate crime scenes and improve decisions. On the other hand, these technologies also bring some risks and challenges. Issues such as protecting personal and sensitive data and combating digital fraud (such as deepfakes) come to the fore. In addition, there is no consensus on how AI results can be used in legal cases. AI has the potential to bring significant changes to the traditional standard procedures of forensic science. New technologies such as swarm intelligence, digital twins and autonomous systems can help emergency teams act faster and without delay. AI tools such as psychophysiological monitoring can also improve the way teams work together and make decisions. This change is only possible with better training, ethics and global cooperation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CBRN
• Forensic Sciences
• Artificial Intelligence
• Emergency Response

Kaynakça

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