Evaluating the effects of bleaching on color stability and surface roughness in single-shade and multi-shade resin composites

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aging and bleaching procedures on the color stability and surface roughness of single-shade composite resins and compare them with a multi-shade composite resin. Methods: Fifty composite resin specimens (n=10 per group) from five brands— Omnichroma (Tokuyama, Japan) (OMN), Zenchroma (President Dental, Germany) (ZNC), Charisma Diamond One (Kulzer, Germany) (CHR), Essentia Universal (GC Corporation, Japan) (ESU) and one multi-shade composite resin Filtek Z550 (3M ESPE, USA) (FLT), —were subjected to aging (1-year simulated staining and brushing) and bleaching procedures. Color measurements were taken at baseline, after aging, and after bleaching using a spectrophotometer, while surface roughness was measured using a contact mode profilometer. Data were analyzed using Generalized Linear Models and Tukey’s test for multiple comparison, with a significance level set at p<0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences in ΔE values were observed across the composites and time points (p<0.001). Single-shade composites generally exhibited higher color change compared to multi-shade composite, with OMN showing the highest ΔE values. In terms of surface roughness, single-shade composites (ZNC and OMN) showed similar roughness to the multi-shade composite (FLT), while ESU and CHR exhibited greater roughness after bleaching. Conclusion: Single-shade composites showed comparable performance to the multi-shade composite in terms of color stability and surface roughness after aging and bleaching. However, variations in composite responses highlight the importance of material selection in clinical practice, particularly when bleaching procedures are involved.

Keywords

• Single-shade composites
• multi-shade composites
• color stability
• surface roughness
• bleaching

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