The effect of different polishing systems on the discoloration of composite resins: examples of commonly consumed beverages

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the color stability of composite resin materials subjected to different polishing systems when exposed to commonly consumed beverages. Methods: In this study, four different composite polishing systems (Zenit, 3M Sof-Lex, Sofu, Kerr) and three types of beverages (Nescafé 3-in-1, Lipton tea bags, and distilled water) were used. A micro-hybrid resin composite (Tokuyama) was selected for the study. A total of 84 disk-shaped composite resin samples (8 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were prepared. The samples were divided into four main groups according to the polishing systems used, and further divided into three subgroups based on the beverage types, with seven samples in each subgroup, resulting in a total of 12 study groups. Initial color measurements, as well as measurements taken on days 1, 7, and 28, were recorded using a vita easyshade spectrophotometer. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software, employing one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests (p=0.05). Results: Examination of the 28-day staining results revealed a statistically significant difference between the results for distilled water and coffee, depending on the brand (p<0.05). Specifically, it was observed that the distilled water results for the Shofu and Zenit brands were higher compared to those of the Kerr brand, while the coffee results for the Kerr brand were higher than those of the Zenit brand. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference among the 28-day staining results for the 3M, Kerr, Shofu, and Zenit brands (p<0.05). The results for tea from the 3M, Kerr, Shofu, and Zenit brands were observed to be higher compared to their results for distilled water and coffee. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, the color stability of composite resin materials varied depending on the type of composite resin and polishing system used. It was determined that the Kerr Opti-Disc polishing system had the highest success rate among all systems. Additionally, it was found that frequently consumed tea caused a higher degree of color change compared to coffee. Further supportive studies should be conducted with different composite materials and polishing systems.

Keywords

• Composite resin
• color stability
• finishing and polishing
• discoloration

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