Investigation of salivary miRNA-199a-5p levels in plaque-induced gingivitis

Abstract

Aims: Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating the response to chronic inflammation in periodontal diseases and serve as reliable biomarkers. While these biomarkers are traditionally assessed through invasive techniques, analyzing miRNA expression in saliva offers a non-invasive and convenient alternative. Our study aims to investigate salivary miRNA-199a-5p levels in both healthy and diseased conditions and to evaluate its potential role as an early diagnostic indicator of periodontal diseases such as gingivitis. Methods: Saliva samples from 50 individuals, either diagnosed with gingivitis or exhibiting a healthy periodontal condition, were analyzed using miRNeasy serum/plasma kit (Qiagen). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. MiRNA-199a-5p expression levels were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: In saliva samples collected from 50 individuals, the expression levels of miRNA-199a-5p were significantly elevated in the gingivitis group compared to the healthy control group. Aditionally, the bleeding on probing (BOP %) values were significantly higher in group G compared to the healthy group. Conclusion: miRNA-199a-5p can be considered an important regulator with potential as both an early diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for periodontal diseases. Although its role in autophagy and inflammation shows promise, further studies are needed to clarify its specific functions and clinical relevance.

Keywords

• miRNA-199a-5p
• gingivitis
• periodontal disease

Ethical Statement

Ethics Committee Approval This research was carried out in compliance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hitit University (Date: 05.12.2024, Decision No: 323/2024-25).

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