Pathogens Transmission and Cytological Composition of Cow’s Milk

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 3, 73 - 79, 01.09.2019

Oksana Shkromada Oleksandr Skliar Alina Pikhtirova Gerun Inessa

Öz

DOI: 10.26650/actavet.2019.19004

The article deals with the data on the
quantitative and species composition of somatic cells in milk of cows of Black
spotted breed. In the main period of lactation, the number of somatic cells in
milk is up to 100 ths/cm3. In cases of subclinical mastitis, the somatic cell
count in the udder secretion increases to 30-35 mL/cm3. However, it should be
noted that in the case of subclinical mastitis their number increases in
thousands times. Thus, studying the species composition of somatic cells and
morphological structure of basophils in milk of cows with subclinical mastitis,
we did not find any relationship between their number, morphological structure
and period of disease. Results of our study show that pathogenic staphylococci
(Staphylococcus aureus) were the cause of subclinical mastitis in 67-73% of
cases. Streptococcus agalactiae caused the disease in about 20% of all cases.
The results of the study of bacterial contamination of the udder skin showed
that regardless of the animal age, pathogens of subclinical mastitis are always
present on the udder skin. The main carrier of the subclinical mastitis
pathogens from the sick animal to the healthy one is the rubber of milking
cups. 

Cite this article as: Shkromada, O., Skliar,
O., Pikhtirova, A., Inessa, G., 2019. Pathogens transmission and cytological
composition of cow’s milk. Acta Vet Eurasia 45, 73-79.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cow, milk, somatic cells

Kaynakça

• Arulraj, Panneerselvam, Asarudheen, I., Jasmin, T., Mohammed, Sarfas, Sahnas, N.K., Vedha, Satheesh, & Venkatanarayanan, R. (2015). Dairy bacteriology and microbial analysis of milk using syringe filter. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 380-388. Barkema, H.W., Mussell, A., & Scholl, D.T. (2011). Invited review: effect of udder health management practices on herd somatic cell count. Journal of Dairy Sciences, 94 (2), 563-579. Busato, A., Trachsel, P., Schällibaum, M., & Blum, J.W. (2000). Udder health and risk factors for subclinical mastitis in organic dairy farms in Switzerland. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 44, 205-220. Hussain, R., Javed, M.T., & Khan, A. (2012). Changes in some biochemical parameters and somatic cell counts in the milk of buffalo and cattle suffering from mastitis. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 32, 418-421. Jensen, R.G., & Newburg, D.S. (1995). Bovine milk lipids. In: Jensen RG, editor. Handbook of milk composition. Academic Press, USA, pp. 543-575. Joshi, S., & Gokhale, S. (2006). Status of mastitis as an emerging disease in improved and periurban dairy farms in India. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1081, 74-83. Ma, Y., Ryan, C., Barbano, D.M., Galton, D.M., Rudan, M.A., & Boor, K.J. (2000). Effects of somatic cell count on quality and shelf-life of pasteurized fluid milk. Journal of Dairy Sciences, 83(2), 264-274. Mankiewicz, R. (2004). The Story of Mathematics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 158. Murphy, S.C., & Boor, K.J. (2000). Trouble-shooting sources and causes of high bacteria counts in raw milk. Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation, 8, 606-611. Olde Riekerink, R.G., Barkema, H.W., Scholl, D.T., Poole, D.E., & Kelton, D.F. (2010). Management practices associated with the bulk-milk prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Canadian dairy farms. Veterinary Medicine, 97(1), 20-80. Porter, D. S. (1992). Ethical scores for animal experiments. Nature, 356, 101-102. Prescott, S.C., & Breed, R.S. (2010). The Determination of the Number of Body Cells in Milk by a Direct Method. American Journal of Public Hygiene, 20, 662-640. Romain, H.T., Adesiyun, A.A., Webb, L.A., & Lauckner, F.B. (2000). Study on risk factors and their association with subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows in Trinidad. Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health, 47 (4), 257-271. Schalrn, O.W., Carroll, E.J., & Jain, N.C. (1971). Bovine mastitis. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp. 94-127. Schukken, Y.H., Wilson, D.J., Welcome, F., Garrison-Tikofsky, L., & Gonzalez, R.N. (2003). Monitoring udder health and milk quality using somatic cell counts. Veterinary Research, 34 (5), 579-596. Schultz, L.H (1977). Somatic cells in milk – physiological aspects and relationship to amount and composition of milk. Journal of Food Protection, 40 (2), 125-131. Schwarz, D., Diesterbeck, U.S., König, S., Brügemann, K., Schlez, K., Zschöck, M., Wolter, W., & Czerny, C.P. (2011). Flow cytometric differential cell counts in milk for the evaluation of inflammatory reactions in clinically healthy and subclinically infected bovine mammary glands. Journal of Dairy Sciences, 94 (10), p. 5033-5044 Theodore, J.D. Knight-Jones, Bernard Hang’ombe, M., Mwansa, M. Songe, Yona, Sinkala, & Delia, Grace (2016). Microbial Contamination and Hygiene of Fresh Cow’s Milk Produced by Smallholders in Western Zambia, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13 (7), 737. Wall, S.K., Wellnitz, O., Bruckmaier, R.M., & Schwarz, D. (2018). Differential somatic cell count in milk before, during, and after lipopolysaccharide- and lipoteichoic-acid-induced mastitis in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Sciences, 101 (6), 5362-5373. Lelieveld, H. L. M., Holah, J., & Gabric, D. (2016). Handbook of Hygiene Control in the Food Industry, (Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition), 2nd Edition, Woodhead Publishing, 756. Wilson, D.J., Das, H.H., Gonzalez, R.N., & Sears, P.M. (1997). Association between management practices, dairy herd characteristics, and somatic cell count of bulk tank milk. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 210 (10), 1499-1502.