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The Abandoned Khan of Louroujina, Cyprus: A Case Study of a Vanishing Building Type

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 19, 319 - 348, 01.06.2016

Öz

The village Louroujina Lurucina , or Akıncılar, is located in the southern part of the central lowland, the Mesaoria, in the hilly Malloura valley. Today the once mixed but mainly Turkish Cypriot village is part of North Cyprus next to the Green Line, which has separated the north and the Republic of Cyprus since 19741. The Kitchener map of 1885 shows Louroujina on a secondary road branching from the main route from Larnaca to Nicosia, but remaining close to it Fig. 1 . The latter appears on maps since the second half of the 19th century. This diversion from the main road, leading to Dali ancient Idalion , corresponds with the course of the Roman road from Larnaca ancient Kition to Politiko ancient Tamassos .

Kaynakça

  • Akif – Akif 2008 O. Akif – S. Akif, Echoes from the Past: The Turkish Cypriot Community of Limassol and its Heritage (2008).
  • Bağışkan 2009 T. Bağışkan, Ottoman, Islamic and Islamised Monuments in Cyprus (2009). Bakshi 2012 A. Bakshi, “The Legacy of Ottoman Building in Nicosia: Hans as Spaces of Coexistence in Pre-conflict Cyprus”, International Journal of Islamic Architecture 1 (1), 2012, 107-128.
  • Bekker-Nielsen 2004 T. Bekker-Nielsen, The Roads of Ancient Cyprus (2004). Counts – Parvis 2012 D. B. Counts – J. A. Parvis, “Mapping Malloura: A Carto-Historical Survey from the Early Modern Period to the Present”, in: M. K. Toumazou – P. N. Kardulias – D. B.
  • Counts (eds.), Crossroads and Boundaries: the Archaeology of Past and Present in the Malloura Valley, Cyprus (2012) 55-65.
  • Coureas – Grivaud – Schabel 2012
  • N. Coureas – G. Grivaud – C. Schabel, “Frankish & Venetian Nicosia 1191-1570”, in: D. Michaelides (ed.), Historic Nicosia (2012) 111-229.
  • Deviren 1999 S. A. Deviren, “Search for Individuality: Rural Settlements in Northern Cyprus”, METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture 19 (1-2), 1999, 45-56.
  • Dinçyürek – Mallick – Numan 2003
  • O. Dinçyürek – F. H. Mallick – I. Numan, “Cultural and Environmental Values in the Arcaded Mesaorian Houses of Cyprus”, Building and Environment 38 (12), 2003, 1463-1473.
  • Dinçyürek 1998 O. Dinçyürek, The Adobe Houses of Mesaoria Region in Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean University Unpublished Master’s Thesis 1998).
  • Families of Lurucina 2016 (1)
  • Village History Part I.
  • http://www.familiesofluricina.moonfruit.com/#/village-history-p1/4553428967 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Families of Lurucina 2016 (2)
  • Map 6 (plots 222-224).
  • http://www.familiesofluricina.moonfruit.com/#/maps-of lurucina-village/ 4571962024 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Families of Lurucina 2016 (3)
  • Map 11: Surveyed by Dept. of Lands and Surveys, 1916. Revised from D.L.O. plans. May 1970.
  • http://www.familiesofluricina.moonfruit.com/#/maps-of-lurucina-village/ 4571962024 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Gazioğlu 1990 A. C. Gazioğlu, The Turks in Cyprus, A Province of the Ottoman Empire (1571- 1878) (1990).
  • Given 2000 M. Given, “Agriculture, Settlement and Landscape in Ottoman Cyprus”, Levant 32 (1), 2000, 215-236 (=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/3011/ with page-nrs. 1-36). Given – Hadjianastasis 2010
  • M. Given – M. Hadjianastasis, “Landholding and Landscape in Ottoman Cyprus”, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 34 (1), 2010, 38-60.
  • Goodwin 1971 G. Goodwin, A History of Ottoman Architecture (1971)
  • Gunnis 1973 R. Gunnis, Historic Cyprus. A Guide to its Towns and Villages, Monasteries and Castles3 (1973).
  • Ionas 2003 I. Ionas, La maison rurale à Chypre (xvme-xxe siècle), Aspects et techniques de construction2 (2003).
  • Jennings 1993 R. C. Jennings, Christians and Muslims in Ottoman Cyprus and the Mediterranean World, 1571-1640 (1993).
  • Keshishian 1985 K. K. Keshishian, Famagusta, Town and District, Cyprus: A Survey of its People and Places from Ancient Times (1985).
  • Keshishian 1990 K. K. Keshishian, Nicosia, Capital of Cyprus Then and Now2 (1990).
  • Kitchener 1885 H. H. Kitchener, A Trigonometrical Survey of the Island of Cyprus, Executed Under the Direction of Captain H. H. Kitchener (1882).
  • Kurt et al. 2013a S. Kurt – M. Kiessel – Y. Mesda – T. Shagbaor, ‘Vernacular Architecture in Louroujina, Cyprus: Typology of Houses’, in: G. F. Yücel (ed.), Proceedings of Kerpic ’13. New Generation Earthen Architecture: Learning from Heritage. Istanbul, 11th-15th September 2013 (2013) 131-140.
  • Kurt et al. 2013b S. Kurt – I. Bay – Y. Mesda – T. Shagbaor – B. Işık, “Repairing and Maintaining Damaged Buildings in Louroujina Village/Cyprus: a Case Study for Old Khan”, in: G. F. Yücel (ed.), Proceedings of Kerpic ’13. New Generation Earthen Architecture: Learning from Heritage. Istanbul, 11th-15th September 2013 (2013) 475-485.
  • Louroujina Map 1967 Louroujina Map 1916. 1110V01, Block 01. Surveyed by Dept. of Lands and Surveys, Revised from D.L.O. plans. November 1967 (Plots 222-224).
  • Markides 2012 D. Markides, “Nicosia under British Rule”, in: D. Michaelides (ed.), Historic Nicosia (2012) 325-407.
  • PRIO 2016 PRIO 2016, Internal Displacement in Cyprus: Mapping the Consequences of Civil and Military Strife http://www.prio-cyprus-displacement.net/default.asp?id=325 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Rizopoulou-Egoumenidou 2012
  • E. Rizopoulou-Egoumenidou, “Nicosia under Ottoman Rule 1570-1878-Part II”, in: D. Michaelides (ed.), Historic Nicosia (2012) 265-322.
  • Schriwer 2002 Ch. Schriwer, “Cultural and Ethnic Identity in the Ottoman Period Architecture of Cyprus, Jordan and Lebanon”, Levant 34 (1), 2002, 197-218.
  • Stierlin – Vogt-Göknil 1965
  • H. Stierlin – U. Vogt-Göknil, Osmanische Türkei (1965).
  • UNHCR 1995 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Twelve Traditional Cyprus Houses (1995).
  • Yıldız 2009 N. Yıldız, “The Vakıf Institution in Ottoman Cyprus”, in: M. N. Michalis – M. Kappler – E. Gavriel (eds.), Ottoman Cyprus: a Collection of Studies on History and Culture, Near and Middle East Monographs 4 (2009) 117-160.
  • Zapiti – Michaelidou 2008
  • E. Zapiti – L. Michaelidou, Coins of Cyprus: From the Collection of the Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation (2008).

Metruk Lurucina Hanı Akıncılar, Kuzey Kıbrıs : Yok Olan Bir Yapı Tipi Üzerine İncelemeler

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 19, 319 - 348, 01.06.2016

Öz

Bu makalede Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta Lurucina bugünkü Akıncılar ’daki bir yapı kompleksinin mimari ve arkeolojik belgelemesi sunulmaktadır. Bir miktar tahribata karşın, büyük oranda orijinal halinde korunmuş olan kompleks, Kıbrıs’ta basit tipte hanlardan günümüze ulaşan bir örneği ayrıntısıyla inceleme fırsatı sunuyor. Eskiden yaygın olmasına karşın bu tip hiç bir zaman kapsamlı şekilde belgelenmemiştir. Yapı kompleksinde iki işlev bir aradadır: 1 yalnızca kentlerde ve çok büyük ve önemli köylerde ve/veya uygun lokasyonlarda kırsal ve kentsel nakliyat ve ekonominin önemli bir unsuru olarak han işlevi, ve 2 erkek-merkezli sosyal köy yaşamının kalbinde yer alan kahvehane işlevi. Ne arşiv belgeleri ne de sözlü tarih, bu yapı kompleksinin anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunabildi. Komplekste birkaç tipolojinin kaynaştığı görülür: 1 tipik Anadolu hanı, 2 Yakın Doğu ‘Breitraum’ konut tipleri macrinari ve dichoro da dahil vernaküler avlulu ev kompleksi, ve 3 vernaküler kahvehane. İki kadastro haritasına dayanarak söz konusu ilintili yapıların 1967 yılına kadar tamamlandığı söylenebilmektedir. Kahvehane G’nin üzerinde yazılı ‘1882’ tarihi, sözlü tarihe göre hanın kuruluş tarihine yaklaşık karşılık gelmektedir. Bu tarih ayrıca, kesme taş çerçeveler, A yapısının kesme taş kapısının şekli ve çatı kiremitlerinin ebatları gibi kerpiç malzemenin ebatlarının da 1878 sonrası İngiliz koloniyal dönemine karşılık geldiği teziyle uyum içindedir. Daha yeni olan B Yapısı, ve A Yapısının ikinci evresinin inşa tarihi içinse sadece 1916 sonrası ile 1967 öncesi şeklinde geniş bir yelpazeden söz edebiliyoruz. Nakliye araçlarının ve hayvanlarının depolama talebinin ortadan kalkması, A Yapısı’nın işlevinde, B Yapısı’nın inşa edilmesiyle değişikliğe yol açmıştır. Bu durum aslında Kıbrıs hanlarında 20. yy.’da gözlenen genel gerilemeye işaret ediyor olabilir. Kompleksin değeri, iyi korunmuşluğunda, adanın genelde tehdit altında olan vernaküler mimari mirasının güzel bir örneği olmasında, ve adanın tarımsal/ekonomik, sosyal ve kültür tarihinin temel bir unsuru rolünde yatmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Akif – Akif 2008 O. Akif – S. Akif, Echoes from the Past: The Turkish Cypriot Community of Limassol and its Heritage (2008).
  • Bağışkan 2009 T. Bağışkan, Ottoman, Islamic and Islamised Monuments in Cyprus (2009). Bakshi 2012 A. Bakshi, “The Legacy of Ottoman Building in Nicosia: Hans as Spaces of Coexistence in Pre-conflict Cyprus”, International Journal of Islamic Architecture 1 (1), 2012, 107-128.
  • Bekker-Nielsen 2004 T. Bekker-Nielsen, The Roads of Ancient Cyprus (2004). Counts – Parvis 2012 D. B. Counts – J. A. Parvis, “Mapping Malloura: A Carto-Historical Survey from the Early Modern Period to the Present”, in: M. K. Toumazou – P. N. Kardulias – D. B.
  • Counts (eds.), Crossroads and Boundaries: the Archaeology of Past and Present in the Malloura Valley, Cyprus (2012) 55-65.
  • Coureas – Grivaud – Schabel 2012
  • N. Coureas – G. Grivaud – C. Schabel, “Frankish & Venetian Nicosia 1191-1570”, in: D. Michaelides (ed.), Historic Nicosia (2012) 111-229.
  • Deviren 1999 S. A. Deviren, “Search for Individuality: Rural Settlements in Northern Cyprus”, METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture 19 (1-2), 1999, 45-56.
  • Dinçyürek – Mallick – Numan 2003
  • O. Dinçyürek – F. H. Mallick – I. Numan, “Cultural and Environmental Values in the Arcaded Mesaorian Houses of Cyprus”, Building and Environment 38 (12), 2003, 1463-1473.
  • Dinçyürek 1998 O. Dinçyürek, The Adobe Houses of Mesaoria Region in Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean University Unpublished Master’s Thesis 1998).
  • Families of Lurucina 2016 (1)
  • Village History Part I.
  • http://www.familiesofluricina.moonfruit.com/#/village-history-p1/4553428967 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Families of Lurucina 2016 (2)
  • Map 6 (plots 222-224).
  • http://www.familiesofluricina.moonfruit.com/#/maps-of lurucina-village/ 4571962024 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Families of Lurucina 2016 (3)
  • Map 11: Surveyed by Dept. of Lands and Surveys, 1916. Revised from D.L.O. plans. May 1970.
  • http://www.familiesofluricina.moonfruit.com/#/maps-of-lurucina-village/ 4571962024 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Gazioğlu 1990 A. C. Gazioğlu, The Turks in Cyprus, A Province of the Ottoman Empire (1571- 1878) (1990).
  • Given 2000 M. Given, “Agriculture, Settlement and Landscape in Ottoman Cyprus”, Levant 32 (1), 2000, 215-236 (=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/3011/ with page-nrs. 1-36). Given – Hadjianastasis 2010
  • M. Given – M. Hadjianastasis, “Landholding and Landscape in Ottoman Cyprus”, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 34 (1), 2010, 38-60.
  • Goodwin 1971 G. Goodwin, A History of Ottoman Architecture (1971)
  • Gunnis 1973 R. Gunnis, Historic Cyprus. A Guide to its Towns and Villages, Monasteries and Castles3 (1973).
  • Ionas 2003 I. Ionas, La maison rurale à Chypre (xvme-xxe siècle), Aspects et techniques de construction2 (2003).
  • Jennings 1993 R. C. Jennings, Christians and Muslims in Ottoman Cyprus and the Mediterranean World, 1571-1640 (1993).
  • Keshishian 1985 K. K. Keshishian, Famagusta, Town and District, Cyprus: A Survey of its People and Places from Ancient Times (1985).
  • Keshishian 1990 K. K. Keshishian, Nicosia, Capital of Cyprus Then and Now2 (1990).
  • Kitchener 1885 H. H. Kitchener, A Trigonometrical Survey of the Island of Cyprus, Executed Under the Direction of Captain H. H. Kitchener (1882).
  • Kurt et al. 2013a S. Kurt – M. Kiessel – Y. Mesda – T. Shagbaor, ‘Vernacular Architecture in Louroujina, Cyprus: Typology of Houses’, in: G. F. Yücel (ed.), Proceedings of Kerpic ’13. New Generation Earthen Architecture: Learning from Heritage. Istanbul, 11th-15th September 2013 (2013) 131-140.
  • Kurt et al. 2013b S. Kurt – I. Bay – Y. Mesda – T. Shagbaor – B. Işık, “Repairing and Maintaining Damaged Buildings in Louroujina Village/Cyprus: a Case Study for Old Khan”, in: G. F. Yücel (ed.), Proceedings of Kerpic ’13. New Generation Earthen Architecture: Learning from Heritage. Istanbul, 11th-15th September 2013 (2013) 475-485.
  • Louroujina Map 1967 Louroujina Map 1916. 1110V01, Block 01. Surveyed by Dept. of Lands and Surveys, Revised from D.L.O. plans. November 1967 (Plots 222-224).
  • Markides 2012 D. Markides, “Nicosia under British Rule”, in: D. Michaelides (ed.), Historic Nicosia (2012) 325-407.
  • PRIO 2016 PRIO 2016, Internal Displacement in Cyprus: Mapping the Consequences of Civil and Military Strife http://www.prio-cyprus-displacement.net/default.asp?id=325 (accessed 9 January 2016).
  • Rizopoulou-Egoumenidou 2012
  • E. Rizopoulou-Egoumenidou, “Nicosia under Ottoman Rule 1570-1878-Part II”, in: D. Michaelides (ed.), Historic Nicosia (2012) 265-322.
  • Schriwer 2002 Ch. Schriwer, “Cultural and Ethnic Identity in the Ottoman Period Architecture of Cyprus, Jordan and Lebanon”, Levant 34 (1), 2002, 197-218.
  • Stierlin – Vogt-Göknil 1965
  • H. Stierlin – U. Vogt-Göknil, Osmanische Türkei (1965).
  • UNHCR 1995 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Twelve Traditional Cyprus Houses (1995).
  • Yıldız 2009 N. Yıldız, “The Vakıf Institution in Ottoman Cyprus”, in: M. N. Michalis – M. Kappler – E. Gavriel (eds.), Ottoman Cyprus: a Collection of Studies on History and Culture, Near and Middle East Monographs 4 (2009) 117-160.
  • Zapiti – Michaelidou 2008
  • E. Zapiti – L. Michaelidou, Coins of Cyprus: From the Collection of the Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation (2008).
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Marko Kıessel Bu kişi benim

Yasemin Mesda Bu kişi benim

Sevinç Kurt Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Sayı: 19

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Kıessel, Marko, Yasemin Mesda, ve Sevinç Kurt. “The Abandoned Khan of Louroujina, Cyprus: A Case Study of a Vanishing Building Type”. Adalya, sy. 19 (Haziran 2016): 319-48.

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