AKUT MİYELOİD LÖSEMİDE GÖZLENEN ORAL KOMPLİKASYONLAR

Öz

Akut miyeloid Lösemi (AML), hematopoietik kök hücrelerden kaynaklanan heterojen bir hematolojik bozukluk grubudur. Bu hastalığın prognozu kötüdür bununla birlikte son 30 yılda yeni tedavi modalitelerin sayesinde genel sağkalımı önemli ölçüde iyileşmiştir. Oral lezyonların belirtileri ve semptomlarının tanımlanması, ciddi sistemik tutulumun bir uyarı işareti olarak işlev görebilir. Akut miyeloid Lösemi vakaların oral bulguları peteşi, spontan kanama, mukozal ülserasyon, nekrozlu veya nekrozsuz dişeti hipertrofisi, enfeksiyonlar, dilde hemorajik buller olarak görülmektedir. Kötü ağız hijyeni , lokal ve sistemik enfeksiyöz komplikasyonlar için bilinen bir risk faktörüdür. AML tedavisine bağlı ağız ve diş komplikasyonları dişleri , ağız mukozasını ve kemik dokusunu etkileyebilir ve fırsatçı enfeksiyonlara , diş çürümesine ve mine renginin bozulmasına katkıda bulunabilir. AML tedavisi yüksek mortalite ve morbidite ile ilişkilidir. Çoklu kemoterapi ve allojenij kemik iliği transplantasyonu içeren tedavi yöntemleri mevcut. Lösemili hastaların periodontal ve dental tedavileri her zaman hematologlarla birlikte planlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• akut miyeloid lösemi
• oral komplikasyon
• tedavi

ORAL COMPLICATIONS OBSERVED IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA

Öz

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of hematological disorders. This disease has a poor prognosis however, overall survival has improved significantly over the past 30 years thanks to new treatment modalities. Identification of signs and symptoms of oral lesions can serve as a warning about severity of systemic involvement. Oral findings of acute myeloid leukemia cases can be listed as petechiae, spontaneous bleeding, mucosal ulceration, gingival hypertrophy with or without necrosis, infections, and hemorrhagic bullae on the tongue. Poor oral hygiene is a well- known risk factor for local and systemic infectious complications. Oral and dental complications associated with AML treatment can affect teeth, oral mucosa and bone tissue and contribute to opportunistic infections, tooth decay and enamel discoloration. AML treatment is associated with high mortality and morbidity. There are treatment modalities that include chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Periodontal and dental treatments of patients with leukemia should always be consulted together with hematologists.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• acute myeloid leukemia
• oral complication
• treatment

Kaynakça

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