Oral complications in chronic renal insufficiency

Öz

Chronic renal failure (CKD) is a disease characterized by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate due to various etiologies and a decrease in kidney functions. The incidence of CrF is increasing day by day and is becoming an important public health problem. This disease is multisystemic and causes oral complications. Oral findings were found to accompany CrF in approximately 90% of cases; the most common ones were pallor of the oral mucosa, dry mouth, impaired taste, impaired salivary flow rate, increased risk of periodontal disease, gingival hyperplasia and enamel hypoplasia. In addition, the complication rate increases due to the lower quality of life and oral care of these patients compared to the normal population. Since oral infections may accelerate the progression of the disease in the follow-up of CrF patients, it is important to refer to dentists at regular intervals for routine dental examinations in follow-up of these patients. In order not to increase the risk of perioperative complications in patients undergoing renal transplant preparation, dental treatments should be completed beforehand. A nephrologist opinion is absolutely necessary for patients with CrF who apply to the dentist, for comorbidities that may affect dental treatments, and for treatments that may change the progression of the disease. As a result, the teamwork of nephrologists and dentists in the follow-up of CrF patients is very important for the progression of the disease and the quality of life of the patient.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• chronic renaş failiure
• oral complications
• treatment

Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliğinde Gözlenen Oral Komplikasyonlar

Öz

Kronik böbrek yetmezliği (KBY), çeşitli etiyolojilere bağlı glomerüler filtrasyon oranın düşmeyle beraber böbrek fonksiyonlarında azalma ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. KBY insidansı her geçen gün artmakta ve önemli bir toplum sağlığı sorunu haline gelmektedir. Bu hastalık, multisistemik olup oral komplikasyonlara da yol açmaktadır. KBY’ ye yaklaşık %90 oranında oral bulguların da eşlik ettiği saptanmıştır; en sık görülenleri oral mukoza solukluğu, ağız kuruluğu, tat almada bozulma, tükürük akış hızında bozulma, periodontal hastalık riskinde artma, gingival hiperplazi ve mine hipoplazisi olarak görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu hastaların yaşam kalitesinin ve ağız bakımının normal popülasyona göre daha düşük olması nedeniyle komplikasyon oranı artmaktadır. KBY hastalarının takiplerinde oral enfeksiyonlar hastalığın progresyonunu hızlandırabileceğinden dolayı bu hastaların takibinde rutin diş muayenesi için diş hekimlerine periyodik aralıklarla yönlendirme önem taşımaktadır. renal transplant hazırlığı yapılan hastaların da perioperatif komplikasyon riskini arttırmamak için öncesinde diş tedavilerinin tamamlanmış olması gerekir. Diş hekimine başvuran KBY hastaları için, diş tedavilerini etkileyecek komorbiditeler ve hastalığının progresyonunu değiştirebilecek tedaviler için mutlaka nefrolog görüşü alınması gereklidir. Sonuç olarak KBY hastalarının takibinde nefrolog ve diş hekiminin ekip halinde çalışması hastalığın progresyonu ve hastanın yaşam kalitesi için oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kronik böbrek yetmezliği
• oral komplikasyon
• tedavi

Kaynakça

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