Yüzey Hazırlık Yöntemlerinin Bağlanma Dayanımı ve Geçici Restorasyonun Uzaklaştırma Etkinliği Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 281 - 293, 31.12.2025

Ayşe Aslı Şenol , Yasin Özçelik , Özdemir Akı , Elif Alkan , Bilge Tarçın , Pınar Yılmaz Atalı , Dilek Tağtekin

Öz

Amaç: Geçici restorasyon uygulaması ve yüzey hazırlık yöntemlerinin, immediate dentin sealing(IDS) uygulanan dentin yüzeylerinde rezin simanın makaslama bağlanma dayanımı(SBS) üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek ve geçici restorasyonun uzaklaştırılma etkinliği ile SBS arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kırk adet çekilmiş insan molar dişinde düz dentin yüzeyleri hazırlanarak IDS uygulandı. Örnekler rastgele dört gruba ayrıldı(n=10): geçici restorasyon uygulanmaksızın silika kaplı alüminyum oksit ile air-abrazyon veya aşındırıcı pasta ile yüzey hazırlığı yapılan kontrol grupları, geçici restorasyon uygulanan ve restorasyonun uzaklaştırılmasını takiben air-abrazyon veya aşındırıcı pasta ile yüzey hazırlığı yapılan test grupları. Test gruplarında geçici restorasyonlar uygulandı, distile suda 7-gün bekletildi ve dental sond ile uzaklaştırıldı. Tüm örneklerin yüzeyleri ilgili yüzey hazırlık protokolüne göre temizlenerek dual-cure rezin siman uygulandı. Termal döngü işlemini takiben SBS testi gerçekleştirildi. Yüzey işleminden önce ve sonra alınan floresans görüntüleri ile rezidüel geçici materyal miktarı belirlendi, uzaklaştırma etkinliği(%) hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi, Tukey post-hoc ve Pearson korelasyon testi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Geçici restorasyon uygulanan grupların ortalama SBS değerleri, kontrol gruplarına göre anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü(p<0,05). Yüzey hazırlık yöntemleri arasında SBS açısından anlamlı bir fark izlenmedi. Ortalama uzaklaştırma etkinliği air-abrazyon için %72,6±22,0, aşındırıcı pasta için ise %59,7±34,5 olarak hesaplandı(p=0,380). Uzaklaştırma etkinliği ile SBS arasında pozitif bir korelasyon saptandı(r=0,83, p<0,01).
Sonuç: Geçici restorasyonların uygulanması, yüzey hazırlık yönteminden bağımsız olarak IDS-uygulanan dentin yüzeylerinde SBS’yi önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Her iki temizlik protokolü de rezidüel geçici materyali etkin biçimde uzaklaştırmasına rağmen, kontrol grubundaki SBS değerlerini sağlayamamıştır. Uzaklaştırma etkinliğindeki artışın yüksek bağlanma dayanımı değerleri ile ilişkili olması, etkili yüzey temizliğinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Air-abrazyon , Dental bonding , Geçici diş restorasyonları , Makaslama dayanımı

Effect of Surface Pretreatments on the Bond Strength and Removal Efficiency of Temporary Restoration

Öz

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of temporary restoration and different surface pretreatment methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin cement to dentin surfaces coated with immediate dentin sealing (IDS), and assess the relationship between removal efficiency and SBS.
Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human molars were prepared to obtain flat dentin surfaces and IDS was applied. Specimens were randomly assigned into four groups (n=10): air abrasion with silica-coated alumina or polishing using abrasive paste, with and without temporary restoration. In the test groups, temporary restorations were applied, stored in distilled water for 7-days, and removed using dental probe. The surfaces of all specimens were pretreated with either air abrasion or polishing and then restored with a dual-cure resin cement. After thermocycling, SBS was tested. Fluorescence images obtained before and after surface pretreatment were used to quantify residual temporary material and to calculate removal efficiency. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc, and Pearson’s correlations tests.
Results: The mean SBS values of temporary groups were significantly lower than control groups (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between pretreatment methods. The mean removal efficiency was 72.6±22% for air abrasion and 59.7±34.5% for polishing (p=0.380). A positive correlation existed between removal efficiency and SBS (r=0.83, p<0.01).
Conclusion: Temporization significantly reduced the SBS to IDS-applied dentin, regardless of the surface pretreatment method. Both cleaning approaches removed residues effectively but neither restored initial strength. Higher removal efficiency correlated with improved adhesion, emphasizing the importance of effective cleaning after using temporary material.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Air-abrasion , Dental bonding , Shear strength , Temporary dental restorations

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry (Approval no: 2025-17).

Destekleyen Kurum

This research received no external funding.

Teşekkür

The authors thank VOCO GmbH (Cuxhaven, Germany) for kindly provide the materials used in this study.

Kaynakça

• Bourgi R, Kharouf N, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Haikel Y, Hardan L. A Literature Review of Adhesive Systems in Dentistry: Key Components and Their Clinical Applications. Applied Sciences. 2024;14(18):8111.
• Mokeem LS, Garcia IM, Melo MA. Degradation and Failure Phenomena at the Dentin Bonding Interface. Biomedicines. 2023;11(5):1256.
• Antoniou I, Mourouzis P, Dionysopoulos D, Pandoleon P, Tolidis K. Influence of Immediate Dentin Sealing on Bond Strength of Resin-Based CAD/CAM Restoratives to Dentin: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. Biomimetics. 2024;9(5):267.
• Tahoun FM, Kehela HA, Nasr DM. Influence of different immediate dentin sealing strategies on bond strength of indirect resin nanoceramic restorations. Eur J Oral Sci. 2024;132(3):e12983.
• Alghauli MA, Alqutaibi AY, Borzangy S. Clinical benefits of immediate dentin sealing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent. 2025;134(4):996-1004.
• Portella FF, Müller R, Zimmer R, Reston EG, Arossi GA. Is immediate dentin sealing a mandatory or optional clinical step for indirect restorations? J Esthet Restor Dent. 2024;36(6):892-900.
• Ille C-E, Jivănescu A, Pop D, et al. Exploring the Properties and Indications of Chairside CAD/ CAM Materials in Restorative Dentistry. Journal of Functional Biomaterials. 2025;16(2):46.
• Ding J, Jin Y, Feng S, Chen H, Hou Y, Zhu S. Effect of temporary cements and their removal methods on the bond strength of indirect restoration: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(1):15-30.
• Augusti D, Re D, Özcan M, Augusti G. Removal of temporary cements following an immediate dentin hybridization approach: a comparison of mechanical and chemical methods for substrate cleaning. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 2018;32(7):693-704.
• Santos JVdN, Almeida HN, Diniz LBN, et al. Effectiveness of dentin cleaning using air abrasion with aluminum oxide particles on the bond strength of resin-based cements: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Dentistry. 2025;161:105950.
• Herguner Siso S, Murrja E, Aydemir M, Al AS. Effect of Different Decontamination Protocols Applied to Blood-Saliva Contaminated Dentin Surfaces of Universal Adhesive Resin Post- Etch on Shear Bond Strength. Ozone: Science & Engineering. 2023;45(5):516-25.
• Grinberga S, Papia E, Aleksejuniene J, Zalite V, Locs J, Soboleva U. Effect of Temporary Cement, Surface Pretreatment and Tooth Area on the Bond Strength of Adhesively Cemented Ceramic Overlays—An In Vitro Study. Dentistry Journal. 2023;11(1):19.
• Elbishari H, Elsubeihi ES, Alkhoujah T, Elsubeihi HE. Substantial in-vitro and emerging clinical evidence supporting immediate dentin sealing. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2021;57:101-10.
• Ribeiro da Silva CJ, Gonçalves ICS, Botelho MPJ, Guiraldo RD, Lopes MB, Gonini Júnior A. Interactions between resin-based temporary materials and immediate dentin sealing. Applied Adhesion Science. 2016;4(1):3.
• Arafa AM, Aboalazm E, Kamel MH. The effect of mechanical and chemo-mechanical temporary cement cleaning methods on shear bond strength with self-adhesive resin cement (an in-vitro study). BMC Oral Health. 2022;22(1):648.
• Samartzi TK, Papalexopoulos D, Sarafianou A, Kourtis S. Immediate Dentin Sealing: A Literature Review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2021;13:233-56.
• Ozer F, Batu Eken Z, Hao J, Tuloglu N, Blatz MB. Effect of Immediate Dentin Sealing on the Bonding Performance of Indirect Restorations: A Systematic Review. Biomimetics (Basel). 2024;9(3).
• Falkensammer F, Arnetzl GV, Wildburger A, Krall C, Freudenthaler J. Influence of different conditioning methods on immediate and delayed dentin sealing. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2014;112(2):204-10.
• Lankes V, Reymus M, Liebermann A, Stawarczyk B. Bond strength between temporary 3D printable resin and conventional resin composite: influence of cleaning methods and air-abrasion parameters. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(1):31-43.
• Hajjaj MS, Alzahrani SJ. Effect of Different Cleaning Methods on Shear Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Contaminated Zirconia. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(14):5068.
• van den Breemer C, Özcan M, Cune MS, Ayres AA, Van Meerbeek B, Gresnigt M. Effect of Immediate Dentin Sealing and Surface Conditioning on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin-based Composite to Dentin. Oper Dent. 2019;44(6):289-98.
• van den Breemer CR, Özcan M, Pols MR, Postema AR, Cune MS, Gresnigt MM. Adhesion of resin cement to dentin: effects of adhesive promoters, immediate dentin sealing strategies, and surface conditioning. Int J Esthet Dent. 2019;14(1):52-63.
• Özcan M, Lamperti S. Effect of mechanical and air-particle cleansing protocols of provisional cement on immediate dentin sealing layer and subsequent adhesion of resin composite cement. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 2015;29(24):2731-43.
• Aneksomboonpol P, Klaisiri A, Katheng A, et al. Comparative Analysis of Fluorescent Characteristics of Different Provisional Restorative Materials for Improved Dental Esthetics. Polymers (Basel). 2024;16(22):3184.
• Brigagão VC, Barreto LFD, Gonçalves KAS, et al. Effect of interim cement application on bond strength between resin cements and dentin: Immediate and delayed dentin sealing. J Prosthet Dent. 2017;117(6):792-8.
• Gale MS, Darvell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. J Dent. 1999;27(2):89-99.
• Leesungbok R, Lee SM, Park SJ, et al. The effect of IDS (immediate dentin sealing) on dentin bond strength under various thermocycling periods. J Adv Prosthodont. 2015;7(3):224-32.
• Hayashi K, Maeno M, Nara Y. Influence of immediate dentin sealing and temporary restoration on the bonding of CAD/CAM ceramic crown restoration. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(6):970-80.
• Gailani HFA, Benavides-Reyes C, Bolaños- Carmona MV, Rosel-Gallardo E, González- Villafranca P, González-López S. Effect of Two Immediate Dentin Sealing Approaches on Bond Strength of Lava™ CAD/CAM Indirect Restoration. Materials (Basel). 2021;14(7):1629.
• Abdou A, Takahashi R, Saad A, Nozaki K, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Influence of resin-coating on bond strength of resin cements to dentin and CAD/CAM resin block in single-visit and multiple-visit treatment. Dent Mater J. 2021;40(3):674-82.
• Hardan L, Devoto W, Bourgi R, et al. Immediate Dentin Sealing for Adhesive Cementation of Indirect Restorations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gels. 2022;8(3):175.
• Januário ABdN, Moura DMD, Araújo AMMd, et al. Effect of temporary cement removal methods from human dentin on zirconia-dentin adhesion. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 2019;33(19):2112-27.
• Lima RBW, Leite JVC, Santos JVdN, et al. Tribochemical silica-coating or alumina blasting for zirconia bonding? A systematic review of in vitro studies. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. 2024;129:103554.
• Maciel CM, Souto TCV, Melo de Mendonça AA, et al. Morphological surface analysis and tensile bond strength of the immediate dentin sealing submitted to different temporary cement removal treatments. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. 2021;104:102745.