The Role of Tarantula cubensis Extract in Homeopathic Treatment

Öz

Homeopathy is a method that offers natural, side-effect-free, complementary, and long-lasting treatment. The primary objective of homeopathy is to enhance the body's self-healing abilities by providing it with the necessary energy. Homeopathic remedies are derived from natural substances and administered through natural methods. These natural ingredients include animal tissues, plants, minerals, natural secretions, and disease secretions. Tarantula cubensis (T. cubensis) is a commonly used source of animal-derived materials. T. cubensis extract promotes blood circulation and absorption in veterinary medicine for conditions like foot bruises, ulcers, abscesses, and various inflammatory and necrotic cases, leading to rapid recovery with a single dose. This review discusses information about homeopathy, its principles, and the role of T. cubensis extract in veterinary medicine.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Homeopathy
• remedy
• Tarantula cubensis extract

Kaynakça

1. Akçay, A., Sarıözkan, S., Abay, M., Canooğlu, E., & Gürbulak, K. (2014). Sütçü ineklerde mastitis tedavisinde homeopatik ilaç kullanımının finansal analizi. Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi, 85(1), 1-8.
2. Albay, M.K., Şahinduran, Ş., Kale, M., Karakurum, M.Ç., & Sezer, K. (2010). Influence of Tarantula cubensis extract on the treatment of the oral lesions in cattle with bluetongue disease. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(4), 593–596. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2009.1192
3. Altıntaş, L., & Özpek, A.Ö. (2019). Homeopati̇k remedil̇er. Veteriner Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Derneği Bülteni, 10(1), 31–39.
4. Babu, MVS., Veena, P., Kumar, RVS., Amaravathi, P., & Vani, G. (2020). Efficacy of ivermectin and Tarantula cubensis extract in the treatment of bovine teat papillomatosis. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(3), 229-231. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i3c.9231
5. Bellavite, P., Conforti, A., Pontarollo, F., & Ortolani, R. (2006a). Immunology and homeopathy. 2. Cells of the immune system and inflammation. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 3(1), 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nek018
6. Bellavite, P., Ortolani, R., & Conforti, A. (2006b). Immunology and homeopathy. 3. Experimental studies on animal models. Evidencebased Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 3(2), 171-186. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel016
7. Chatterjee, T. (2003). Fundamentals of Homoeopathy and Valuable Hints for Practice (4th ed.). B. Jain Publishers.
8. Coşkun, D. (2017). Veteriner destek tedavi: Tarantula cubensis alkolik ekstraktı, inaktif Parapoxvirüs ovis ve Corynebacterium cutis lizatı. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 30–37.

9. Çam, Y., Kibar, M., Atasever, A., Atalay, Ö., & Beyaz, L. (2007). Efficacy of levamisole and Tarantula cubensis venom for the treatment of bovine cutaneous papillomatosis. Veterinary Record, 160(14), 486–488. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.160.14.486
10. Çaycı, M.K. (2006). Hypericum perforatum ve Tarantula cubensis özütlerinin sıçanlarda oluşturulan deneysel mide mukozası hasarına etkilerinin histopatolojik olarak incelenmesi. [Doctoral dissertation, Dumlupınar University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=3prTYwZ9KLfFd9LVO3By7g&no=yvcoZb75KZX691Xv5xnYcw
11. De Barros, G.P., Seugling, J., & Bricarello, P.A. (2019). Effect of homeopathic medicines and a nosode on larvae of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Homeopathy, 108(3), 177-182. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677479
12. Dik, B., Er, A., & Çorum, O. (2016). Koyunlarda Tarantula cubensis alkolik ekstraktının (Theranekron®) serum tiyobarbitürik asit reaktif ürünlerine etkisi. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 30(2), 68–71. https://doi.org/10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.201425921
13. Dolapcioglu, K., Dogruer, G., Ozsoy, S., Ergun, Y., Ciftci, S., Soylu Karapinar, O., & Aslan, E. (2013). Theranekron for treatment of endometriosis in a rat model compared with medroxyprogesterone acetate and leuprolide acetate. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 170(1), 206–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.05.026
14. Duz, E., Icen, H., Arressim, N.B., & Cakmak, F. (2012). Comparison of classic, theranekron and classic-plus theranekron treatment on the foot and mouth disease lesions in cattle in Van, Diyarbakir and Ankara regions in Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11(18), 3258-3261. https://doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2012.3258.3261
15. Elliott, M. (2001). Cushing’s Disease: a new approach to therapy in equine and canine patients. British Homeopathic Journal, 90(1), 33–36. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bhj.5800450
16. Eren, C., & Akşit, D. (2023). The Investigation protective effect of Tarantula cubensis extract in rats induced experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Animal Health Production and Hygiene, 12(1), 31–39. https://doi. org/10.53913/aduveterinary.1263745
17. Erskine, R.J., Kirk, J.H., Tyler, J.W., & DeGraves, F.J. (1993). Advances in the therapy for mastitis. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice, 9(3), 499–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30617-4
18. Fisher, P. (2012). What is Homeopathy? An Introduction. Frontiers in Bioscience Elite, 4(5), 1669–1682. https://doi.org/10.2741/489
19. Gonul, R., Koenhemsi, L., Aydin, H., Gulyasar, T., Demircan Yardibi, H., Or, E., Hoştürk, G., Uysal A., & Barutcu, B. (2015). Effects of Tarantula cubensis extract on electrocardiographic and trace element status in sheep. Istanbul Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 41(1), 79–83. https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.2015.25554
20. Gurbulak, K., Yildiz, S., Beytut, E., Bademkiran, S., Pancarcl, M., Kacar, C., Gungor, O., Kaya, D., & Oral, H. (2010). Efficacy of UT Forte and Theranekron on retained placenta in cows. Indian Veterinary Journal, 87(12), 1267–1269.
21. Gürbulak, K., Akçay, A., Gümüşsoy, K.S., Sist, B., Steiner, S., Abay, M., Canooğlu, E., & Bekyürek, T. (2014). Investigation of the efficacy of Tarantula cubensis extract (Theranekron D6) in the treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 38(6), 712–718. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1405-101
22. Gültiken, N., & Vural, M.R. (2007). The Effect of Tarantula cubensis extract applied in pre and postoperative period of canine mammary tumours. Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences, 2, 13–23.
23. Hamilton, D. (1999). Homeopathic Care for Cats and Dogs (Reprint ed.). North Atlantic Books.
24. Icen, H., Sekin, S., Simsek, A., Kochan, A., & Tunik, S. (2011). The Efficancy of Tarantula cubensis extract (Theranekron) in treatment of canine oral papillomatosis. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6(7), 744-749. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2011.744.749
25. İnce, Ö.B., & Kanat, Ö. (2015). Şap Hastalığı. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 26(2), 45–51. https://doi.org/10.35864/evmd.513381
26. Janzen, J.J. (1970). Economic losses resulting from mastitis. A Review. Journal of Dairy Science, 53(9), 1151–1160. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(70)86361-5
27. Kaçar, C., Kaffar, A., Hasan, Z., Savaş, O., Umut, Y., & Ari, Ç. (2007). İneklerde erken puerperal dönemde theranekron uygulaması. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 11–15. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2006.36-A
28. Karabacak, M., Eraslan, G., Kanbur, M., & Sarica, Z. S. (2015). Effects of Tarantula cubensis D6 on aflatoxin-induced injury in biochemical parameters in rats. Homeopathy, 104(3), 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2015.02.005
29. Kaya, S. (2013). Homeopati. In S. Kaya (Eds.), Veteriner Farmakoloji Cilt 2 (pp. 667-678). Medisan Yayınevi.
30. Kayne, S.B. (2006). Homeopathic Pharmacy: Theory and Practice (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.
31. Kızıl, Ö., & Atam, S. (2016). Homeopati ve veteriner hekimlikte homeopatik tedavi uygulamaları. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 30(3), 243–246.
32. Kuru, M., & Oral, H. (2013). Mastitis tedavisinde fitoterapi ve homeopatinin kullanımı. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(2), 112-116.
33. Küçükaslan, I., Oztürk, O., & Ünver, O. (2013). An uncommon case in the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): Mammary neoplasm. Reproductive Biology, 13, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2013.01.063
34. Lotfollahzadeh, S., Alizadeh, M.R., Mohri, M., & Mokhber Dezfouli, M.R. (2012). The therapeutic effect of Tarentula cubensis extract (Theranekron®) in foot-and-mouth disease in cattle: A randomised trial in an endemic setting. Homeopathy, 101(3), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2012.05.008
35. Merrell, W.C., & Shalts, E. (2002). Homeopathy. Medical Clinics of North America, 86(1), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429501784
36. Mordak, R., & Anthony, S. P. (2015). Periparturient stress and immune suppression as a potential cause of retained placenta in highly productive dairy cows: Examples of prevention. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 57(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-015-0175-2
37. Oryan, A., Moshiri, A., & Raayat, A.R. (2012). Novel application of Theranekron® enhanced the structural and functional performance of the tenotomized tendon in rabbits. Cells Tissues Organs, 196(5), 442–455. https://doi.org/10.1159/000337860
38. Owen, D. (2007). What is health? In D. Owen (Eds.), Principles and Practice of Homeopathy (pp. 3–19). Elsevier.
39. Pekmezci, D., & Gültiken, N. (2015). Homeopatinin prensipleri ve veteriner hekimlikte kullanımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1), 49–56.
40. Richardson-Boedler, C. (2002). The brown spider loxosceles laeta: Source of the remedy Tarentula cubensis? Homeopathy, 91(3), 166–170. https://doi.org/10.1054/homp.2002.0029
41. Sahani, M.K. (2007). Principles and Practice of Homeophatic Pharmacy for Students (1st ed.). B Jain Publishers Pvt Ltd.
42. Sampath, S., Narasimhan, A., Chinta, R., Nair, KR., Khurana, A., Nayak, D., Kumar, A., & Karundevi, B. (2013). Effect of homeopathic preparations of Syzygium jambolanum and Cephalandra indica on gastrocnemius muscle of high fat and high fructoseinduced type-2 diabetic rats. Homeopathy, 102(03), 160-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2013.05.002
43. Seegers, H., Fourichon, C., & Beaudeau, F. (2003). Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds. Veterinary Research, 34(5), 475–491. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2003027
44. Vockeroth, W.G. (1999). Veterinary homeopathy: an overview. The Canadian Veterinary Journal. La Revue Vétérinaire Canadienne, 40(8), 592–594.
45. WHO (2009). Safety issues in the preparation of homeopathic medicines. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241598842 (accessed 20 October 2023).
46. Yapar Alğın E., & Özdemirhan M.E. (2020). Dünyadaki homeopati farmakopeleri. Türk Farmakope Dergisi, 5(2), 83-91.