Alanya İlçesindeki Sahipsiz Köpeklerde Canine Parvovirus Enfeksiyonunun Araştırılması

Öz

Canine Parvovirus (CPV), evcil ve yabani köpekleri dünya genelinde etkileyen, özellikle yavru köpeklerde yüksek morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olan son derece bulaşıcı bir viral hastalıktır. Virusun erken ve doğru teşhisi, ikincil enfeksiyonların azaltılması ve hastalığın duyarlı köpekler arasında yayılmasının önlenmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 0-12 aylık CPV yönünden aşı uygulaması yapılmamış köpeklerden alınan dışkı örneklerinde CPV enfeksiyonunun varlığı, Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) ve hızlı test kiti (immunokromotografi (IC)) kullanılarak tespit edilip bu yaygın teşhis yöntemlerinin sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca, kan serum örneklerinde CPV'ye karşı oluşan IgG antikorlarının seropozitifliği belirlenerek koruyucu antikor titreleri değerlendirildi. Toplam 100 köpeğin (%51 dişi, %49 erkek) 49'u (%49) hızlı test kiti ile CPV antijen pozitif bulunurken, ELISA Ag testi ile 17'sinde (%17) CPV varlığı tespit edildi. Hızlı teste kıyasla ELISA testi, yavru köpeklerde daha düşük oranda CPV tespiti yaparak, aşısız köpeklerde CPV belirlemede spesifik ve hassas bir test olarak tercih edilebileceği belirlendi. Ayrıca, ELISA antikor test kitindeki kesme değerine göre antikor pozitif olarak değerlendirilen 42 köpeğin 22'sinde (%52,4) yüksek, 20'sinde (%47,6) düşük CPV IgG antikor titreleri belirlenmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler, cinsiyet ile bağışıklık düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını gösterdi (P > 0.001). Ancak, köpeklerin yaşı ile bağışıklık düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (P < 0.001). Çalışma, Alanya bölgesindeki köpeklerde CPV’ye özgü IgG antikorlarının varlığını doğrulamıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma okuyuculara Alanya bölgesindeki CPV enfeksiyonunun prevalansı, test güvenilirliği ve seroprevalansı hakkında bilgi sunarak, hastalığın kontrol altına alınmasına yönelik stratejilerin geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CPV
• immünite
• sensitive
• spesifite
• prevalans

Investigation of Canine Parvovirus Infection in Stray Dogs in Alanya Region

Öz

Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild dogs worldwide, causing high morbidity and mortality, especially in puppies. Early and accurate diagnosis of the virus is crucial for reducing secondary infections and preventing the spread of the disease among susceptible dogs. In this study, the presence of CPV infection was detected in fecal samples collected from unvaccinated dogs aged 0–12 months using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) and a rapid test kit (immunochromatographic (IC)), and the results of these common diagnostic methods were compared. Additionally, CPV IgG antibody seropositivity was investigated from blood serum samples to evaluate protective titers. Among 100 dogs (51% female, 49% male), 49 (49%) tested positive for CPV-2 Ag via the IC test kit, while 17 (17%) were positive using the ELISA Ag test. Compared to the rapid test, the ELISA test detected CPV at a lower rate in puppies, suggesting that it may be preferred as a specific and sensitive test for identifying CPV in unvaccinated dogs. Moreover, among 42 dogs considered antibody-positive based on ELISA kit cut-off values, 22 (52.4%) had high CPV IgG antibody titers, while 20 (47.6%) had low antibody titers. Statistical analyses showed no significant difference between gender and immunity levels (P > 0.001). However, a significant relationship was observed between the age of dogs and immunity levels (P < 0.001). The study confirmed the presence of CPV-specific IgG antibodies in dogs from the Alanya. In conclusion, this study has provided readers with information on the prevalence of CPV infection, test reliability, and seroprevalence in Alanya region, recommending the development of strategies for disease control.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CPV
• immunity
• sensitive
• specificity
• prevalence

Kaynakça

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