BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Identification of Indicator Bacteria and Determination of Their Antibiotic Susceptibility in Laying Hens in Aydın Province

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 411 - 414, 01.06.2015

Öz

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was determination of isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli and Enterococcus species from 200 cloacal samples which were collected from hen laying poultry houses found in Aydın province. Material and Method: The samples were brought to The Routine Diagnostic Laboratory of Microbiology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Adnan Menderes University under cold chain. Then was allowed to incubate for 24 hours at 37 ºC. After that, Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria are separated by using Gram Staining and isolated bacterias were identified based on biochemical assays. Disc diffusion method was used for the detection of antibiotic susceptibilities. Results and Conclusion: A total of 21 10 % E. faecalis, 24 12 % E. faecium and 40 20 % E. coli isolation and identification were made from a total, upon biochemical properties and carbonhydrate fermentation tests. According to antibiogram test results it was revealed that, E. faecalis was highly resistant to tetracyclin % 78 and kanamycin % 90 , E faecium was was highly resistant to kanamycin % 67 and E. coli was highly resistant to penicilin novobiocin % 100 . Besides, it was revealed that E. faecalis was totally susceptible to penicilin novobiocin, amoxycillin clavulanic acid and gentamicin, E. faecium was totally susceptible to penicilin novobiocin and amoxycillin clavulanic acid, E. coli isolates were totally susceptible to florfenicol and gentamicin. Preference of penicillin-novobiocin, gentamicin and amoxycillin-clavulanic acid for E. faecalis infections, penicillin-novobiocin and amoxycillin-clavulanic acid for E. faecium infections and gentamicin for E. coli infections will allow the effective treatment for encountered bacterial infection.

Kaynakça

  • Barnes EM (1958). The effect of antibiotic supplements on the faecal streptococci (Lancefield group D) of poultry. British Journal Veterinary. 114: 333–344.
  • Barnes HJ, Nolan LK, Waillancourt JP (2008). Colibacillosis. In: Diseases of Poultry (12 nd ed), Blackwell Publishing Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA, pp: 691-732.
  • Bogaard AE, Willems R, London N, Top J, Stobberingh EE (2002). Antibiotic resistance of faecal enterococci in poultry, poultry farmers and poutlry slaughterers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy, 49, 497-505.
  • Bozkurt M, Küçükyılmaz K, Çatlı AU, Çınar M (2008). Growth Performance and Slaughter Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed with Antibiotic, Mannan Oligosaccharide and Dextran Oligosaccharide Supplemented Diets. International Journal of Poultry Science. 7(10): 969-977.
  • Caprioli A, Busani L, Martel JL, Helmuth R (2000). Monitoring of antibiotic resistance in bacteria of animal origin: epidemiological and microbiological methodologies. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 14: 295–301.
  • Castanon JIR (2007). History of the sse of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poultry Science. 86: 2466–2471.
  • Chen X, Zhang W, Yin J, Zhang N, Geng S, Zhou X, Wang Y, Gao S, Jiao X (2014). Escherichia coli isolates from sick chickens in China: changes in antimicrobial resistance between 1993 and 2013. The Veterinary Journal. 202(1): 112-5.
  • CLSI (2012). National Committee for Clinical Labarotory Standarts (M02-A11). Performance Standarts for antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Pennsylvania Wayne, Vol. 32.
  • Dho-Moulin M, Fairbrother JM (1999). Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Veterinary Research. 30: 299-316.
  • EFSA (2015). Scientific report of EFSA and ECDC. EU Summary Report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2013. EFSA Journal. 13(2): 4036.
  • Harisberger M, Gobeli S, Hoop R, Dewulf J, Perreten V, Regula G (2011). Antimicrobial resistance in Swiss laying hens, prevalence and risk factors. Zoonoses and Public Health. 58(6): 377-87.
  • Köhler CD, Dobrindt U (2011). What defines extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli ? International Journal of Medical Microbiology. 301(8): 642-647.
  • Miles TD, Mclaughlin W, Brown PD (2006). Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from brolier chickens and humans. BMC Vetarinary Research. 2: 7.
  • Songer JG, Post KW (2015). Veteriner Hekimlik Mikrobiyolojisi, Anğ Ö. ve Özgür NY. (Edt), Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, pp: 113-120.
  • Starr MP, Reynolds DM (1951). Streptomycin resistance of coliform bacteria from turkeys fed streptomycin. 51st General Meeting, Society of American Bacteriology, pp: 15–34, Chicago, IL.
  • Swann MM (1969). Report of the joint committee on the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. HMSO, London
  • Vandekerchove D, De Herdt P, Laevens H, Pasmans F (2004). Colibacillosis in caged layer hens: characteristics of the disease and the aetiological agent. Avian Pathology. 33(2): 117-125.
  • Wages DP (1998). Isolation and Identification of Avian Pathogens, 4th ed. Streptococcosis, In D. E. Swayne, J. R. Glisson, M. W. Jackwood, J. E. Pearson, W. M. Reed (eds). American Association of Avian Pathologists: Kennett Square, PA, pp: 58–60.
  • Winn W, Allen S, Janda W, Koneman E, Procop G, Schreckenberger P, Woods G (2006). Koneman’s Color Atlas And Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Lippincott Williams-Wilkins. PA, USA, pp: 683-684.
  • Yang W, Moore IF, Koteva KP, Bareich DC, Hughes DW, Wright GD (2004). TetX Is a flavin-dependent monooxygenase conferring resistance to tetracycline antibiotics. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279(50): 52346–52352.

Aydın İlinde Bulunan Yumurtacı Tavuklarda İndikatör Bakterilerin İdentifikasyonu ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıklarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 411 - 414, 01.06.2015

Öz

Özbilgi/Amaç: Bu araştırmada Aydın ilindeki yumurtacı tavuk kümeslerinden toplanan 200 adet kloakal svap örneğinden Escherichia coli ve Enterokok türleri ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Alınan örnekler soğuk zincir altında Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji Rutin Teşhis laboratuarına getirilmiş ve besiyerlerine ekimleri yapılmıştır. Daha sonra 37 ºC ’de 24 saat inkubasyona bırakılmıştır. Yapılan Gram boyama sonrası Gram pozitif ve Gram negatif bakteriler ayırt edilmiş ve izole edilen bu bakterilerin biyokimyasal yöntemlere göre identifikasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının tespiti için disk difüzyon metodu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular ve Sonuç: Alınan örneklerden 21 % 10 ’inden E. faecalis, 24 % 12 ’ünden E. faecium ve 40 % 20 ’ından E. coli izolasyon ve identifikasyonu biyokimyasal ve karbonhidrat fermentasyon testlerine göre gerçekleştirilmiştir. Antibiyogram sonuçlarına göre E. faecalis’in tetrasiklin % 78 ve kanamisine % 90 , E. faecium’un kanamisine % 67 , E. coli’nin ise penisilin - novobiosine % 100 yüksek oranda dirençli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, penisilin novobiosin, amoksisilin-klavulanik asit ve gentamisine E. faecalis’in, penisilin novobiosin ve amoksisilin-klavulanik asite E. faecium’un, florfenikol ve gentamisine karşı E. coli izolatlarının tamamının duyarlı oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır. E. faecalis enfeksiyonlarında penisilin-novobiosin, gentamisin ve amoksisilin- klavulanik asit, E. faecium enfeksiyonlarında penisilin-novobiosin ve amoksisilin- klavulanik asit, E. coli enfeksiyonlarda ise gentamisinin tercih edilmesi, karşılaşılan bakteriyel kökenli hastalıkların etkili bir şekilde tedavi edilmelerine olanak sağlayacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Barnes EM (1958). The effect of antibiotic supplements on the faecal streptococci (Lancefield group D) of poultry. British Journal Veterinary. 114: 333–344.
  • Barnes HJ, Nolan LK, Waillancourt JP (2008). Colibacillosis. In: Diseases of Poultry (12 nd ed), Blackwell Publishing Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA, pp: 691-732.
  • Bogaard AE, Willems R, London N, Top J, Stobberingh EE (2002). Antibiotic resistance of faecal enterococci in poultry, poultry farmers and poutlry slaughterers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy, 49, 497-505.
  • Bozkurt M, Küçükyılmaz K, Çatlı AU, Çınar M (2008). Growth Performance and Slaughter Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed with Antibiotic, Mannan Oligosaccharide and Dextran Oligosaccharide Supplemented Diets. International Journal of Poultry Science. 7(10): 969-977.
  • Caprioli A, Busani L, Martel JL, Helmuth R (2000). Monitoring of antibiotic resistance in bacteria of animal origin: epidemiological and microbiological methodologies. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 14: 295–301.
  • Castanon JIR (2007). History of the sse of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poultry Science. 86: 2466–2471.
  • Chen X, Zhang W, Yin J, Zhang N, Geng S, Zhou X, Wang Y, Gao S, Jiao X (2014). Escherichia coli isolates from sick chickens in China: changes in antimicrobial resistance between 1993 and 2013. The Veterinary Journal. 202(1): 112-5.
  • CLSI (2012). National Committee for Clinical Labarotory Standarts (M02-A11). Performance Standarts for antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Pennsylvania Wayne, Vol. 32.
  • Dho-Moulin M, Fairbrother JM (1999). Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Veterinary Research. 30: 299-316.
  • EFSA (2015). Scientific report of EFSA and ECDC. EU Summary Report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2013. EFSA Journal. 13(2): 4036.
  • Harisberger M, Gobeli S, Hoop R, Dewulf J, Perreten V, Regula G (2011). Antimicrobial resistance in Swiss laying hens, prevalence and risk factors. Zoonoses and Public Health. 58(6): 377-87.
  • Köhler CD, Dobrindt U (2011). What defines extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli ? International Journal of Medical Microbiology. 301(8): 642-647.
  • Miles TD, Mclaughlin W, Brown PD (2006). Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from brolier chickens and humans. BMC Vetarinary Research. 2: 7.
  • Songer JG, Post KW (2015). Veteriner Hekimlik Mikrobiyolojisi, Anğ Ö. ve Özgür NY. (Edt), Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, pp: 113-120.
  • Starr MP, Reynolds DM (1951). Streptomycin resistance of coliform bacteria from turkeys fed streptomycin. 51st General Meeting, Society of American Bacteriology, pp: 15–34, Chicago, IL.
  • Swann MM (1969). Report of the joint committee on the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. HMSO, London
  • Vandekerchove D, De Herdt P, Laevens H, Pasmans F (2004). Colibacillosis in caged layer hens: characteristics of the disease and the aetiological agent. Avian Pathology. 33(2): 117-125.
  • Wages DP (1998). Isolation and Identification of Avian Pathogens, 4th ed. Streptococcosis, In D. E. Swayne, J. R. Glisson, M. W. Jackwood, J. E. Pearson, W. M. Reed (eds). American Association of Avian Pathologists: Kennett Square, PA, pp: 58–60.
  • Winn W, Allen S, Janda W, Koneman E, Procop G, Schreckenberger P, Woods G (2006). Koneman’s Color Atlas And Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Lippincott Williams-Wilkins. PA, USA, pp: 683-684.
  • Yang W, Moore IF, Koteva KP, Bareich DC, Hughes DW, Wright GD (2004). TetX Is a flavin-dependent monooxygenase conferring resistance to tetracycline antibiotics. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279(50): 52346–52352.
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Gökhan Ege Bu kişi benim

Osman Kaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ege, G., & Kaya, O. (2015). Aydın İlinde Bulunan Yumurtacı Tavuklarda İndikatör Bakterilerin İdentifikasyonu ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıklarının Belirlenmesi. Animal Health Production and Hygiene, 4(2), 411-414.