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THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 74 - 96, 01.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1322305

Öz

One of Yahya Jammeh’s most consequential diplomatic relations was with the Republic of China on Taiwan (Taiwan). Although Jammeh’s decision to have diplomatic relations with Taiwan immediately brought US $35 million to the Junta in 1995, it has been criticised by politicians and policy makers for being irrational. However, there has been neither an attempt to document the benefits derived from the relationship nor the rationality that justified the relationship. This paper attempts to explain the rationality of Jammeh’s foreign policy and to document the benefits derived. The paper adopted rationality as a theoretical framework. The review of over 150 reports as the main source of data revealed that while loans and aid in cash from China between 1974-1994 was approximately $50,000,000, Taiwan’s cash and cheque donations was estimated at $398,658,655 between 1995-2012. The paper thus concluded that Jammeh’s foreign policy on Taiwan was procedurally and economically rational considering Taiwan’s numerous contributions to education, health and agriculture amongst others.

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Kaynakça

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The Gambia-Taiwan Relations, 1995-2013: Yahya Jammeh’s Foreign Policy Rationality

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 74 - 96, 01.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1322305

Öz

One of Yahya Jammeh’s most consequential diplomatic relations was with the Republic of China on Taiwan (Taiwan). Although Jammeh’s decision to have diplomatic relations with Taiwan immediately brought US $35 million to the Junta in 1995, it has been criticised by politicians and policy makers for being irrational. However, there has been neither an attempt to document the benefits derived from the relationship nor the rationality that justified the relationship. This paper attempts to explain the rationality of Jammeh’s foreign policy and to document the benefits derived. The paper adopted rationality as a theoretical framework. The review of over 150 reports as the main source of data revealed that while loans and aid in cash from China between 1974-1994 was approximately $50,000,000, Taiwan’s cash and cheque donations was estimated at $398,658,655 between 1995-2012. The paper thus concluded that Jammeh’s foreign policy on Taiwan was procedurally and economically rational considering Taiwan’s numerous contributions to education, health and agriculture amongst others.

Proje Numarası

None

Kaynakça

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  • Ngandwe, T. (2007). Gambia: New Academy Puts Science Centre Stage. allafrica.com. SciDev.Net, June 12. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/200706140545.html.
  • Njie, B. (2012a). Gambia: Taiwan Gives D92.5 Million for Vehicle Procurement. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, March 16. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201203161020.html.
  • —. (2012b). Gambia: Taiwan Gives U.S.$747, 692 for Procurement of Ferry Engines. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, December 21. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201212210957.html.
  • —. (2011a). Taiwan Donates U.S.$300, 000 Medical Grant. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, April 20. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201104210592.html.
  • —. (2011b). Taiwan Presents U.S.$124,600 to the Health Sector. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, December 28. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201112280646.html.
  • Proctor, J.H. (1967). "The Gambia's relations with Senegal: The search for partnership." Journal of Commonwealth Political Studies 143-160. doi:10.1080/14662046708447060.
  • Rollet, V. (2021). "Taiwan’s Participation in the World Organisation for Animal Health (oie): Modalities, Utility, and Challenges." International Journal of Taiwan Studies 1: 1-33. doi:10.1163/24688800-20211209.
  • Saine, A. (2000). "The Gambia's foreign policy since the coup, 1994–99." Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 38 (2): 73-88.
  • —. (2009). The Paradox of Third-Wave Democratization in Africa: The Gambia Under AFPRC-APRC Rule, 1994-2008. Plymouth: Lexington Books.
  • Sallah, A. (2008). JFP Receives Gifts. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, November 17. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/200811171314.html.
  • Sanyang, Y, and M Sambou. (2019). "Maintenance Haemodialysis in the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital in the Gambia." Nephron 142 (2): 114-116. Accessed September 25, 2021. doi:10.1159/000499673.
  • Sawo, L. (2012). Gambia: Taiwan Gives 2, 723 Bags of Seeds to CRR Farmers.allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, June 12. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201206120437.html.
  • Scanlon, Z. (2017). "Incorporating Taiwan in international fisheries management: The southern indian ocean fisheries agreement experience." Ocean Development and International Law 48 (1): 35-51. doi:10.1080/00908320.2017.1265364.
  • Senghore, J.C. (2008). The politics of Senegambian integration, 1958-1994. Pieterlen: Peter Lang AG.
  • Tadahiro, I. (2021). "US-Taiwan Relations during the Tsai Ing-wen Administration and Prospects After the COVID-19 Pandemic." Asia-Pacific Review 28 (1). 10.1080/13439006.2021.1921948.
  • Taiwan Today Newspaper. (2012). ROC donates patrol boats to The Gambia. June 29. Accessed June 11, 2021. https://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?unit=2,23,45&post=2472.
  • Taylor, I. (2002). "Taiwan’s Foreign Policy and Africa: the limitations of dollar diplomacy." Journal of Contemporary China 11 (30): 125–140. doi:10.1080/1067056012009117 4.
  • The Daily Observer. (2010). Bravo, Taiwan. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, June 28. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201006290171.html.
  • The Daily Observer. (2013a). Gambia: Taiwan Donates U.S. $ 619,563 to Gambia Govt. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, April 11. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201304120110.html.
  • The Daily Observer. (2012a). Gambia: Taiwan's MMH Mobile Clinic Arrives Gambia. allafrica.com. October 10. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201210100453.html.
  • The Daily Observer. (2012b). Taiwan Boosts the Health Sector, PEGEP. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, November 16. Accessed September 19, 202`1. https://allafrica.com/stories/201211160966.html.
  • The Daily Observer. (2002). Taiwanese Embassy Donates to Mingdaw School. allafrica.com. January 2002. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/200201100259.html.
  • The Daily Observer. (2013). Veep Praises Taiwan for Continuous Support to Gambia. allafrica.com. The Daily Observer, October 24. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/201310241632.html. The Daily Observer. (2013b). Veep praises Taiwan's Contribution . October 24.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2012a). 24 Civil Engineering Students Graduate from Taiwan. Qugust 24. Accessed June 1, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/24-civil-engineering-students-graduate-from-taiwan.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2011b). Taiwan boosts health sector. October 7. Accessed June 22, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-boosts-health-sector.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2013e). Taiwan boosts health sector with medical equipment. September 27. Accessed June 22, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-boosts-health-sector-with- medical-equipment.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2013a). Taiwan donates US $1M to Youth Development Fund. June 13. Accessed June 1, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-donates-us-1m-to-youth-development-fund.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2013c). Taiwan ICDF scholarship winners announced. June 21. Accessed June 2, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-icdf- scholarship-winners-announced.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2012c). Taiwan injects US$300,000 into health sector. October 4. Accessed June 22, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-injects-us300-000-into-health-sector.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2013b). Taiwan presents over $400,000 for football development. June 18. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-presents-over-400000-for-football-development. The Point Newspaper. (2013d). Taiwan pumps USD156,986 in Gambia’s agriculture. August 19. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-pumps-usd156986-in-gambias-agriculture.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2013f). Taiwan says Govt-funded Gambian students can stay until end of semester. The Point Newspaper, November 20. Accessed June 3, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-says-govt-funded-gambian-students-can-stay-until-end-of-semester.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2013). 4 receive Taiwan Defence Scholarship. The Point Newspaper, February 20. Accessed June 15, 2020. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/4-receive-taiwan-defence-scholarship.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2012b). Taiwan to help improve Maternal Health in Gambia. The Point Newspaper, August 28. Accessed June 22, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwan-to-help-improve-maternal-health-in-gambia.
  • The Point Newspaper. (2011a). Taiwan's intervention in Gambia essential. August 25. Accessed June 22, 2021. https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/taiwans-intervention-in-gambia-essential.
  • Touray, O. (2000). The Gambia and The World: A History of The Foreign Policy of Africa’s Smallest State, 1965-1995. Hamburg: Institute of African Affairs.
  • Trawally, M. (2005). ROC Government Donates D21m For pegep. allafrica.com. Gambia Daily News, May 17. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://allafrica.com/stories/200505180045.html.
  • Tubilewicz, C. (2012). "Friends, enemies or Frenemies? China-Taiwan discord in the world health organization and its significance." Pacific Affairs 85 (4): 701-722. doi:10.5509/2012854701.
  • Winkler, S. (2008). "Can trade make a sovereign? Taiwan-China-EU relations in the WTO." Asia Europe Journal 6 (3-4): 467–485. doi:10.1007/s10308-008-0174-2.
  • wow.gm. (2007). "http://wow.gm/africa/gambia/banjul/article/2007/9/6/25-more-students-to-benefit-from-taiwan-scholarship." wow.gm. september. Accessed September 25, 2021. http://wow.gm/africa/gambia/banjul/article/2007/9/6/25-more-students-to-benefit-from-taiwan-scholarship.
Toplam 141 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Afrika Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Muhammed Lenn 0000-0003-1553-5940

Proje Numarası None
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 1 Şubat 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Lenn, M. (2024). THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY. Africania, 4(1), 74-96. https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1322305
AMA Lenn M. THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY. Africania. Şubat 2024;4(1):74-96. doi:10.58851/africania.1322305
Chicago Lenn, Muhammed. “THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY”. Africania 4, sy. 1 (Şubat 2024): 74-96. https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1322305.
EndNote Lenn M (01 Şubat 2024) THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY. Africania 4 1 74–96.
IEEE M. Lenn, “THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY”, Africania, c. 4, sy. 1, ss. 74–96, 2024, doi: 10.58851/africania.1322305.
ISNAD Lenn, Muhammed. “THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY”. Africania 4/1 (Şubat 2024), 74-96. https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1322305.
JAMA Lenn M. THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY. Africania. 2024;4:74–96.
MLA Lenn, Muhammed. “THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY”. Africania, c. 4, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 74-96, doi:10.58851/africania.1322305.
Vancouver Lenn M. THE GAMBIA-TAIWAN RELATIONS, 1995-2013: YAHYA JAMMEH’S FOREİGN POLICY RATIONALITY. Africania. 2024;4(1):74-96.