GANA’DA MANİFESTO, RETORİK VE SEÇİM, 2008-2024

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 14 - 36

Usman Abass

https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1602833

Öz

Bu çalışma Gana siyasi ortamında manifestoların etkililiğini incelemektedir. Birbirini takip eden hükümetlerin politikaları, partizanlık ve manifesto temelli siyaset nedeniyle ülkeyi ve halkını kalkındırmakta başarısız olmuştur. Parti manifestoları, seçimleri kazanmaya yönelik süslü sözlerle hazırlanıp, sonrasında bir kenara atılmaktadır. Bunun sıradan insan üzerinde kötü sağlık hizmetleri, sosyal katılım, yoksulluk, işsizlik, utanç okullarının ortaya çıkışı (sınıf binası olmayan ve ağaçların altında ders veren okullar), kalkınma vb. şeklinde zararlı bir etkisi vardır. Bu çalışma, Gana’nın önde gelen iki siyasi partisi olan NDC ve NPP’nin 2008-2024 yılları arasındaki manifestolarının titizlikle değerlendirilmesi yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Partiler seçmenlere oldukça benzer vaatlerde bulunmakta ve bu vaatler diğerlerinin yanı sıra yönetişim, altyapı, yoksulluğu azaltma stratejileri, güvenlik, ekonomi ve eğitim gibi alanları içermektedir. Ancak halkın ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için yürütülen projeleri tamamlamak yerine, iktidar el değiştirdiğinde yeni projelere başlamakta ve eski projeleri gündemden kaldırmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada seçmenleri sandığa gitmeye nasıl ikna ettiklerini anlamak amacıyla bir anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada, ulusal kalkınma politikası bakış açısının benimsenmesiyle, manifesto temelli politikaların geri kalmışlık ve siyasal güvensizliklere ilişkin tehlikelerinin aşılarak sosyoekonomik devamlılığın ve insani gelişmenin sağlanabileceği ortaya konuldu. Makale, Gana siyasetinde manifestoların rolünü incelemek için CDA ve (siyasi) retorikler aracılığıyla nitel yapılandırılmış röportajlar, ikincil kaynaklar ve manifestoları kullanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Manifesto, Retorik, Seçim, Gana, CDA

MANIFESTO, RHETORIC, AND ELECTION IN GHANA, 2008-2024

Öz

This study looks at the effectiveness of manifestos in the Ghanaian political climate. The policies of successive governments have failed in developing the country and its people because of partisanship, and manifesto-based politicking. Party manifestos are drafted with fancy words towards winning elections and discarded afterwards. This has a detrimental effect on the common person in the form of poor healthcare provision, social inclusion, poverty, unemployment, the emergence of schools of shame (schools without classroom buildings and having lessons under trees), development, etc. This study was carried out through a meticulous assessment of the manifestos of the two leading political parties in Ghana, the NDC and NPP, between 2008 and 2024. The parties make nearly similar promises to the electorate, and they include, inter alia, areas such as governance, infrastructure, poverty reduction strategies, security, economy, and education. Yet, instead of completing projects that are already in motion to meet the needs of the people, they start new projects only to cast them aside when power changes hands. Also, a questionnaire was administered to test how manifestos beguile citizens to consistently go to the polls to vote during elections. The study put forward that by adopting a national development policy outlook, the perils of the ever-perdurable manifesto-based politics, regarding underdevelopment and political insecurities, would be overcome towards socioeconomic continuity and human development. The paper uses qualitative structured interviews, secondary sources, and manifestos through the lenses of CDA and (political) rhetorics to study the role of manifestos in Ghanaian politics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Manifesto, Rhetoric, Election, Ghana, CDA

Kaynakça

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