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The effect of feeding humate-supplemented milk on weaning age in Brown Swiss Calves

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 24 - 28, 30.12.2025

Öz

: In recent years, the use of humates in animal nutrition has become increasingly widespread, particularly with the aim of enhancing growth performance and improving overall productivity. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of humate-supplemented milk on the weaning age of calves, using a total of 25 Brown Swiss calves as the animal material. The research was designed based on a randomized complete block design, and the calves were divided into two groups according to the milk they received, which was obtained from cows fed with either humate-supplemented or non-supplemented rations. All calves were housed individually and were fed milk twice daily, in the morning and evening. Calves in the treatment group were fed milk from cows that had received humate supplementation, while those in the control group received milk from cows without any humate in their diets. Throughout the study, daily milk and feed intake of the calves were monitored, and live weights were recorded at birth, on day 30, day 60, and prior to weaning. Calves were weaned when they consumed an average of 1000 grams of concentrate feed per day for three consecutive days. According to the results, humate-supplemented milk had no statistically significant effect on birth weight, body weight on day 30, weaning weight, or feed intake at weaning (p>0.05). However, the age at weaning and the age at which the daily milk allowance was halved were significantly affected by the humate supplementation (p<0.05). These findings suggest that humate-supplemented milk may shorten the weaning process in calves and lead to earlier changes in milk consumption patterns.

Kaynakça

  • Islam. K. M. S., Schumacher A. S., & Gropp, J. M. G. (2005). Humic Acid Substances in Animal Agriculture. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 4(3), 126-134. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2005.126.134
  • Agazzi, A., Cigalino, G., Mancin, G., Savoini, G., & Dell’Orto, V. (2007). Effects of dietary humates on growth and an aspect of cell-mediated immune response in newborn kids. Small Ruminant Research, 72(2), 242-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.10.020
  • Ataollahi, F., Holman, B., Casburn, G., & Piltz, J. (2024). The effect of humate as a feed additive on feed intake, production, and carcass parameters of Angus steers. Australian Veterinary Journal, 102(5), 242-248. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13317
  • Başer, E. (2016). Buzağıların Sütten Kesim Öncesi Besleme Prensipleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 348-348. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.282994
  • Budağ, C., & Kara, U. (2016). The Effect of use of Humic Acid in Some Blood Parameters and Rumen Protozoa in Norduz Lambs. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 6(3), Article 3.
  • Budak, D., Doğan Daş, B., Camkerten, G., & Halici, İ. (2022). The effects of humic acid addition to ration on the fattening performance and some oxidative stress parameters in anatolian merino lambs. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, 7(1), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1056653
  • Degirmencioglu, T. (2014). Using humic acid in diets for dairy goats. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 32(1). https://avesis.uludag.edu.tr/yayin/ec7537e8-8939-47a8-9ce0-f4a91001dadb/using-humic-acid-in-diets-for-dairy-goats
  • Kairiša, D., Valdovska, A., Vircava, I., Pilvere, I., Proskina, L., Gāliņa, D., Gutmanis, G., & Mešķis, S. (2023). The Effect of Sodium Humate Feed Additives in Diets for Holstein Breed Heifers. Emerging Science Journal, 7(4), 1395-1413. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-023
  • Kholif, A. E., Matloup, O. H., EL-Bltagy, E. A., Olafadehan, O. A., Sallam, S. M. A., & El-Zaiat, H. M. (2021). Humic substances in the diet of lactating cows enhanced feed utilization, altered ruminal fermentation, and improved milk yield and fatty acid profile. Livestock Science, 253, 104699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104699
  • Malyugina, S., & Horky, P. (2024). The Effect of Humic Acid Supplementation on Selected Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Protozoal Generic Distribution in Cows. Agriculture, 14(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14101663
  • McMurphy, C. P., Duff, G. C., Sanders, S. R., Cuneo, S. P., & Chirase, N. K. (2011). Effects of supplementing humates on rumen fermentation in Holstein steers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 41(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v41i2.71017
  • Sallam, S. M. A., Ibrahim, M. A. M., Allam, A. M., El-Waziry, A. M., Attia, M. F. A., Elazab, M. A., El-Nile, A. E. A., & El-Zaiat, H. M. (2023). Feeding Damascus goats humic or fulvic acid alone or in combination: In vitro and in vivo investigations on impacts on feed intake, ruminal fermentation parameters, and apparent nutrients digestibility. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 55(4), 265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03672-7
  • Teravita, T.M., (2025) The Use of Humates in Poultry and Stock Farming., 20 Mayıs 2025, https://www.teravita.com/Humates/Chapter9.htm
  • Tunç, M. A. (2018). Süt emme dönemindeki buzağılarda humat ve probiyotiklerin performans, rumen fermantasyonu ve kan parametreleri üzerine etkisi [Doktora tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü]. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/55051
  • Uyarlar, C., Rahman, A., Gultepe, E. E., Cetingul, İ. S., Akhtar, M. U., & Bayram, I. (2025). Prepartum Dietary Supplementation of Potassium Humate Improves Postpartum Lactation Performance, Metabolic Profile of Multiparous Cows, and Immune Response of Their Calves. Animals, 15(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15020279

İsviçre Esmeri Buzağıları humatlı sütle beslemenin sütten kesim yaşı üzerine etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 24 - 28, 30.12.2025

Öz

Son yıllarda, hayvan besleme alanında büyüme performansını artırmak ve verimliliği yükseltmek amacıyla humat kullanımının yaygınlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, humat katkılı sütle beslenen buzağılarda sütten kesim yaşı üzerine olan etkileri incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüş olup, materyal olarak 25 adet İsviçre Esmeri buzağı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, rastgele tam blok deneme deseni esas alınarak tasarlanmış; humat içeren ve içermeyen rasyonlarla beslenen ineklerden elde edilen sütlerle beslenen buzağılar iki ayrı gruba ayrılmıştır. Tüm buzağılara bireysel padoklarda, sabah ve akşam olmak üzere günde iki öğün süt verilmiştir. Deneme grubundaki buzağılara, humat katkılı rasyonlarla beslenen ineklerden sağlanan süt; kontrol grubundakilere ise humat içermeyen süt sunulmuştur. Araştırma süresince buzağıların günlük süt ve yem tüketimleri izlenmiş; doğum, 30. gün, 60. gün ve sütten kesim öncesi canlı ağırlıkları ile sütten kesim dönemindeki yem tüketimleri kayıt altına alınmıştır. Buzağılar, günlük ortalama 1000 gram yem tüketimine üst üste üç gün ulaştıklarında sütten kesilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, humat katkılı sütün buzağılarda doğum ağırlığı, 30. gün canlı ağırlığı, sütten kesim ağırlığı ve sütten kesim dönemindeki yem tüketimi üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir (p>0.05). Buna karşın, sütten kesim yaşı ile günlük süt miktarının yarıya indirildiği yaş üzerinde humat katkısının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Bu sonuçlar, humat katkılı sütün, buzağıların sütten kesim süreçlerini kısaltabileceğini ve süt tüketim rejiminde erken değişikliklere neden olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Islam. K. M. S., Schumacher A. S., & Gropp, J. M. G. (2005). Humic Acid Substances in Animal Agriculture. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 4(3), 126-134. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2005.126.134
  • Agazzi, A., Cigalino, G., Mancin, G., Savoini, G., & Dell’Orto, V. (2007). Effects of dietary humates on growth and an aspect of cell-mediated immune response in newborn kids. Small Ruminant Research, 72(2), 242-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.10.020
  • Ataollahi, F., Holman, B., Casburn, G., & Piltz, J. (2024). The effect of humate as a feed additive on feed intake, production, and carcass parameters of Angus steers. Australian Veterinary Journal, 102(5), 242-248. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13317
  • Başer, E. (2016). Buzağıların Sütten Kesim Öncesi Besleme Prensipleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 348-348. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.282994
  • Budağ, C., & Kara, U. (2016). The Effect of use of Humic Acid in Some Blood Parameters and Rumen Protozoa in Norduz Lambs. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 6(3), Article 3.
  • Budak, D., Doğan Daş, B., Camkerten, G., & Halici, İ. (2022). The effects of humic acid addition to ration on the fattening performance and some oxidative stress parameters in anatolian merino lambs. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, 7(1), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1056653
  • Degirmencioglu, T. (2014). Using humic acid in diets for dairy goats. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 32(1). https://avesis.uludag.edu.tr/yayin/ec7537e8-8939-47a8-9ce0-f4a91001dadb/using-humic-acid-in-diets-for-dairy-goats
  • Kairiša, D., Valdovska, A., Vircava, I., Pilvere, I., Proskina, L., Gāliņa, D., Gutmanis, G., & Mešķis, S. (2023). The Effect of Sodium Humate Feed Additives in Diets for Holstein Breed Heifers. Emerging Science Journal, 7(4), 1395-1413. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-023
  • Kholif, A. E., Matloup, O. H., EL-Bltagy, E. A., Olafadehan, O. A., Sallam, S. M. A., & El-Zaiat, H. M. (2021). Humic substances in the diet of lactating cows enhanced feed utilization, altered ruminal fermentation, and improved milk yield and fatty acid profile. Livestock Science, 253, 104699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104699
  • Malyugina, S., & Horky, P. (2024). The Effect of Humic Acid Supplementation on Selected Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Protozoal Generic Distribution in Cows. Agriculture, 14(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14101663
  • McMurphy, C. P., Duff, G. C., Sanders, S. R., Cuneo, S. P., & Chirase, N. K. (2011). Effects of supplementing humates on rumen fermentation in Holstein steers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 41(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v41i2.71017
  • Sallam, S. M. A., Ibrahim, M. A. M., Allam, A. M., El-Waziry, A. M., Attia, M. F. A., Elazab, M. A., El-Nile, A. E. A., & El-Zaiat, H. M. (2023). Feeding Damascus goats humic or fulvic acid alone or in combination: In vitro and in vivo investigations on impacts on feed intake, ruminal fermentation parameters, and apparent nutrients digestibility. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 55(4), 265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03672-7
  • Teravita, T.M., (2025) The Use of Humates in Poultry and Stock Farming., 20 Mayıs 2025, https://www.teravita.com/Humates/Chapter9.htm
  • Tunç, M. A. (2018). Süt emme dönemindeki buzağılarda humat ve probiyotiklerin performans, rumen fermantasyonu ve kan parametreleri üzerine etkisi [Doktora tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü]. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/55051
  • Uyarlar, C., Rahman, A., Gultepe, E. E., Cetingul, İ. S., Akhtar, M. U., & Bayram, I. (2025). Prepartum Dietary Supplementation of Potassium Humate Improves Postpartum Lactation Performance, Metabolic Profile of Multiparous Cows, and Immune Response of Their Calves. Animals, 15(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15020279
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hayvan Besleme
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Songül Yüca 0000-0003-4507-9800

Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 28 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yüca, S. (2025). İsviçre Esmeri Buzağıları humatlı sütle beslemenin sütten kesim yaşı üzerine etkisi. AgriTR Science, 7(2), 24-28.