ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING IN HEALTHCARE: A REGION FIXED-EFFECTS APPROACH TO THE GLOBAL HEALTH IMPACT OF OBESITY AND ITS NEAR-TERM FORECASTING
Öz
This study examines the global health impact of obesity at the World Health Organization (WHO) regional level and generates near-term forecasts of adult obesity prevalence for 2020–2022 using a region fixed-effects multiple linear regression model on a regional-year panel. Region-year observations (n = 60) for the six WHO regions were retrieved automatically from the WHO Global Health Observatory OData API for 2010–2019 via a Python 3.11 script. A two-stage strategy was applied: four predictors (overweight, underweight, physical inactivity, raised blood pressure) were projected to 2020–2022 by simple linear regression; obesity prevalence was then modeled with region fixed-effects multiple linear regression. Out-of-sample accuracy was assessed through a time-ordered backtest (training: 2010–2017; test: 2018–2019). The model achieved R² = 0.9989 and a backtest mean absolute percentage error of 4.02%. Overweight (β = +0.7385), underweight (β = +0.8094), and physical inactivity (β = +0.2232) showed significant positive associations with obesity (all p < 0.01). Forecast 2022 prevalences were 32.96% (Americas), 27.94% (Eastern Mediterranean), 22.13% (Europe), 11.23% (Africa), 9.66% (Western Pacific), and 7.53% (South-East Asia). Region fixed-effects panel regression delivers high accuracy and interpretability for near-term obesity forecasting and yields region-specific insights translatable into policy under the 6P framework.
Anahtar Kelimeler
- Obesity
- artificial intelligence
- panel data analysis
- region fixed-effects model
- near-term forecasting
- 6P framework
Destekleyen Kurum
Etik Beyan
Teşekkür
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Sağlık Yönetimi
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
1 Ağustos 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
29 Nisan 2026
Kabul Tarihi
15 Mayıs 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2