Amazon ve Google Bulut Bilişim Servislerinin Hata Dayanıklılığı Stratejileri Açısından İncelenmesi

Öz

Bulut bilişim, bilgi teknolojileri çözümlerini, talep üzerine sanal cihazlarla aracılığı ile İnternet üzerinden sunarak kaynakları paylaşma ve tüketme yeteneği sayesinde, yakın zamanda cazip bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bahsedilen bu hizmetlerin hızlı gelişimi sonucunda, bulut bilişimde daha kritik olan güvenilirlik ve bulunurluk hizmetleriyle, hata dayanıklılığı gerekliliği, bu hizmet tipinde önemli bir kaygı konusudur. Bu çalışmada, bulut hizmetlerinin hata dayanıklılığı yöntem ve teknikleriyle birlikte bulut hizmeti alan müşterilerin sistemlerinin ve/veya işletmelerinin bulut üzerinde hatadan etkilenmeyecek şekilde çalışması incelenmiştir. Bulut üzerinde çalışan sistemlerde hata beklenmelidir ve hata oluştuğunda da giderilmelidir. Hata dayanıklılığı stratejilerini oluşturmaktaki temel amaç iş sürekliliğini sağlamak, parasal kayıplardan kaçınmak, sistemlerdeki arızaları gidermek ve felaketlerden kurtarmaktır. Çalışmanın özel odağı, yedeklilik, denetim noktası kullanma ve çoklama kullanarak hatalardan kaçınma ya da hataları giderme senaryoları üzerindedir. Ticari altyapı hizmeti IaaS sunan Amazon'un AWS ve Google'ın GCE hizmetleri, altyapılarının hatalara karşı dayanıklı olduğu için örnek olarak alınmıştır. Bu sayede bir sistem ya da işletme için hata dayanıklılığı olan güçlü bir mimari yapı kurulabilir. Bu çalışmada hata dayanıklılığı için gerekli genel kavramsal adımlar önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bulut bilişim
• hata dayanıklılığı
• güvenilirlik
• bulunurluk
• yedeklilik
• denetim noktası
• çoklama
• AWS
• GCE

Investigation of Amazon and Google for Fault Tolerance Strategies in Cloud Computing Services

Öz

Cloud computing has recently become an attractive topic due to its ability to offer information technology solutions through virtual machines as on-demand services to share and consume resources over the Internet. As a result of rapid development in such services, the necessity of fault tolerance in the cloud is a major concern with reliability, availability and dependability which are more critical to this new service type. This work investigates techniques and means of tolerating cloud services as well as cloud customers’ systems/enterprises execution over the cloud safe from failures. Failures in cloud enabled services should be expected to occur hence they should be handled. The essential features of implementing fault tolerance strategies guarantee the business continuity, avoid financial lost, recovering systems from failures, and provide disaster recovery as well. The specific focus is to explore scenarios of avoiding/recovering from failures through redundancy, checkpoint and replication. Commercial IaaS providers such as Amazon’s AWS and Google’s GCE are taken as examples as they tolerate their infrastructure from failures; in this way a robust architecture with fault tolerance property could be built for a system/enterprise. Hence, general conceptual steps with fault tolerance considerations have been proposed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cloud computing
• fault tolerance
• reliability
• availability
• dependability
• redundancy
• checkpoint
• replication
• AWS
• GCE

Kaynakça

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