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BİLİM NEDİR? İŞLETME YÖNETİMİ BİR BİLİM MİDİR?

Yıl 2020, , 122 - 133, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4399431

Öz

Bilim, Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK) Güncel Türkçe Sözlüğüne göre neden, merak ve amaç besleyen bir olgu olarak günümüze kadar birçok alt dala bölünmüş, insanların daha iyi yaşam koşullarına kavuşmasına, var olmayan olguları bulmasına ve yeni şeyler öğrenmesine ön ayak olan genellemedir. Gerçek ve varlığın amacını soruşturan bilim sistematik düşünmeyi gerektirmektedir. Başlangıçta bilim, felsefe ile eş anlamlı/zamanlı olarak algılandığı için, filozoflar marifetiyle geliştirilmiş ve belirlenen felsefi soruların şekillenmesini sağlamışlardır. Bilim, insanlığın yaratılışından beri sürekli gelişme kat etmiş, bilim tarihi sürecinde, deney ve gözlem sonucunda çöken kanunların yerini başkaları almıştır. Böylece bilim zaman içinde artan bir ivme ile bir gelişim göstermiş ve gelişerek yeni birçok bilim meydana getirmiştir. Bu değişim, bilime yapılan bütüncül yaklaşımın yerini uzmanlaşma ile birlikte ayrışmanın almasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Ancak zaman içerisinde yine bilimde meydana gelen yaklaşımlar, bu sefer de disiplinler arası ilişkilerin artmasıyla beraber bilimde hem uzmanlaşma ve ayrımı artırmış, yeni disiplinlerin yanında disiplinler arası yeni disiplinlerin doğmasına da sebebiyet vermiştir. Bu kapsamda yönetim alanında da önemli bir bilgi birikimi oluşmuş ve 1900’lü yıllar ile yönetimde bilimsel yaklaşımlar, yönetimi disiplinler arası bir disiplin olarak ortaya çıkarmıştır. Gerek yönetim ve gerekse yönetiminin özel olarak işletme alanına (işletme (ekonomik) organizasyon yapısına) yönelen bir uygulama alanı olarak tanımlan işletme yönetimi olsun, her ikisinde de eklektik bir disiplin olarak bilimsel bilgi birikiminde önemli gelişmeler kaydedilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; bilim, bilimsel düşünce, bilimsel yöntem bağlamında, işletme yönetimin sanat yönüne ilave olarak, sahip olduğu bilimsel nitelikler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Atkins, Richard Kenneth (2010). "Restructuring The Sciences: Peirce's Categories And His Classifications Of The Sciences." Fordham University.
  • Augsburg, T. (2005), Becoming Interdisciplinary: An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Studies.
  • Başaran İbrahim Ethem (2003), Management, Umut Publications, Ankara.
  • Bumin Tülay (2012), Philosophy Publication, Ankara.
  • David W. Tschanz, (2003). "Arab Roots of European Medicine", Heart Views 4
  • Frank N. Egerton, (2002). "A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 6: Arabic Language Science - Origins and Zoological", Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America,: 142-146
  • Fry, Brian R. (1989). Mastering Public Administration; from Max Weber to Dwight Waldo. Chatham, New Jersey: Chatham House Publishers, Inc. p. 80
  • Gomez, Mejia (2008). Management: People, Performance, Change (3 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 20.
  • Grant, Edward (2007). "Transformation of medieval natural philosophy from the early period modern period to the end of the nineteenth century". A History of Natural Philosophy: From the Ancient World to the Nineteenth Century (First ed.). New York, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 274–322.
  • Hodgkinson, Christopher (2008), Management Philosophy, Beta Publications, Istanbul.
  • Kleiman, Lawrence S. (2010). "Management and Executive Development. "Reference for Business: Encyclopedia of Business.
  • Koçel Tamer (2015), Business Management, Beta Publications, Istanbul.
  • Lindberg, David (1992). The Beginnings of Western Science. University of Chicago Press. p. 162.
  • Loewer, Barry, (2006). "Philosophy of Physics." Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. Donald M. Borchert. Vol. 7. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 473-478.
  • Mintzberg Henry (1973), The Nature of Managerial Work, Harper and Row Publisher, New York, pages, 4-5
  • Nohutçu, Ahmet (2010), Public Administration, Savaş Publishing House, Ankara.
  • Oluç Mehmet (2003), Business Organization and Management, Sermet Press, p.37
  • Omar, Khaleefa, (1999). "Who Is the Founder of Psychophysics and Experimental Psychology?", American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 16.
  • ÖZCAN Kerim, Mehmet BARCA (2010), The Evolution Dynamics of Management Thought; Environmental determinism, Intellectual Harmonization?, TODAİE Public Magazine, Volume 43, Number 1, Ankara
  • Parry, V. J. (1965). "Enderūn". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume II: C–G. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 697–698.
  • Peker Hidayet (2015). "Classification of Ibn Sina's Sciences". T. C. Uludağ University Faculty of Theology. Issue: 9. Volume: 9.
  • Popper, Karl (1983). “Preface, On the non-existence of scientific method”, Realism and the Aim of Science, Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield.
  • Preston Lee and James POST (2004), The Third Managerial Revolution, Academy of Management Journal, Vol.17 No.3, pp.476-477
  • Principe, Lawrence M. (2011). "Introduction". Scientific Revolution: A Very Short Introduction (First ed.). New York, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–3.
  • Rollin, Bernard E. (2006). Science and Ethics. Cambridge University Press.
  • Şengöz, Murat (2019) Yönetim Felsefesi: (ed. Murat Şengöz), Ankara: Astana Yayınları.
  • Şengöz, Murat (2020) The Framework of Military Leadership (ed. Murat Şengöz), Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, London.
  • Tortop Nuri, İSBİR Eyüp G., Aykaç, Burhan (1993), Yönetim Bilimi, Yargı Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Tutar, Hasan (2000), Küreselleşme Sürecinde İşletme Yönetimi, Hayat Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Waugh, William L. Jr. (2004). "Comparative Politics: Review of Comparative Bureaucratic Systems, Tummala, Krishna K., ed". Perspectives on Political Science. Philadelphia. 33 (2): 119.
  • Willermet, Cathy (2004). "Science, Philosophy." Encyclopedia of Anthropology.
  • Wilson, E.O. (1999). "The natural sciences". Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge (Reprint ed.). New York, New York: Vintage. pp. 49–71
  • Yildirim, Cemal (2013), Philosophy of Science, Yargı Publications, Ankara.

What is Science? Is Business Administration a Science?

Yıl 2020, , 122 - 133, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4399431

Öz

Science, according to the current Turkish Dictionary (Turkish Language Association), the cause, curiosity and the purpose of feeding as a phenomenon divided into many sub-branches, people to achieve better living conditions, non-existent to find the facts and to learn new things is the generalization. Science, which investigates the reality and purpose of existence, requires systematic thinking. Since was initially perceived as synonymous with philosophy and it was developed by philosophers and ensured the shaping of philosophical questions. Science has continually improved since the creation of humanity, and in the history of science, others have taken the place of the collapsing laws as a result of experiment and observation. Thus, science has evolved with increasing momentum in time and has developed and created many new sciences. This change caused the holistic approach to science to be replaced by specialization. However, in time, the approaches that have taken place in science have increased both specialization and distinction in science with the increase of interdisciplinary relations and led to the emergence of new disciplines as well as new disciplines. In this context, an important knowledge accumulated in the field of management, and in the 1900s, scientific approaches in management and management has emerged as an interdisciplinary discipline. Regardless of the management that defines management and management as a field of application which is directed to the business (economic) organizational structure, there are significant developments in scientific knowledge accumulation as an eclectic discipline. In this study; in the context of scientific method, scientific method, scientific method, in addition to the art direction of management, scientific qualities are tried to be put forward.

Kaynakça

  • Atkins, Richard Kenneth (2010). "Restructuring The Sciences: Peirce's Categories And His Classifications Of The Sciences." Fordham University.
  • Augsburg, T. (2005), Becoming Interdisciplinary: An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Studies.
  • Başaran İbrahim Ethem (2003), Management, Umut Publications, Ankara.
  • Bumin Tülay (2012), Philosophy Publication, Ankara.
  • David W. Tschanz, (2003). "Arab Roots of European Medicine", Heart Views 4
  • Frank N. Egerton, (2002). "A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 6: Arabic Language Science - Origins and Zoological", Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America,: 142-146
  • Fry, Brian R. (1989). Mastering Public Administration; from Max Weber to Dwight Waldo. Chatham, New Jersey: Chatham House Publishers, Inc. p. 80
  • Gomez, Mejia (2008). Management: People, Performance, Change (3 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 20.
  • Grant, Edward (2007). "Transformation of medieval natural philosophy from the early period modern period to the end of the nineteenth century". A History of Natural Philosophy: From the Ancient World to the Nineteenth Century (First ed.). New York, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 274–322.
  • Hodgkinson, Christopher (2008), Management Philosophy, Beta Publications, Istanbul.
  • Kleiman, Lawrence S. (2010). "Management and Executive Development. "Reference for Business: Encyclopedia of Business.
  • Koçel Tamer (2015), Business Management, Beta Publications, Istanbul.
  • Lindberg, David (1992). The Beginnings of Western Science. University of Chicago Press. p. 162.
  • Loewer, Barry, (2006). "Philosophy of Physics." Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ed. Donald M. Borchert. Vol. 7. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 473-478.
  • Mintzberg Henry (1973), The Nature of Managerial Work, Harper and Row Publisher, New York, pages, 4-5
  • Nohutçu, Ahmet (2010), Public Administration, Savaş Publishing House, Ankara.
  • Oluç Mehmet (2003), Business Organization and Management, Sermet Press, p.37
  • Omar, Khaleefa, (1999). "Who Is the Founder of Psychophysics and Experimental Psychology?", American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 16.
  • ÖZCAN Kerim, Mehmet BARCA (2010), The Evolution Dynamics of Management Thought; Environmental determinism, Intellectual Harmonization?, TODAİE Public Magazine, Volume 43, Number 1, Ankara
  • Parry, V. J. (1965). "Enderūn". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume II: C–G. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 697–698.
  • Peker Hidayet (2015). "Classification of Ibn Sina's Sciences". T. C. Uludağ University Faculty of Theology. Issue: 9. Volume: 9.
  • Popper, Karl (1983). “Preface, On the non-existence of scientific method”, Realism and the Aim of Science, Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield.
  • Preston Lee and James POST (2004), The Third Managerial Revolution, Academy of Management Journal, Vol.17 No.3, pp.476-477
  • Principe, Lawrence M. (2011). "Introduction". Scientific Revolution: A Very Short Introduction (First ed.). New York, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–3.
  • Rollin, Bernard E. (2006). Science and Ethics. Cambridge University Press.
  • Şengöz, Murat (2019) Yönetim Felsefesi: (ed. Murat Şengöz), Ankara: Astana Yayınları.
  • Şengöz, Murat (2020) The Framework of Military Leadership (ed. Murat Şengöz), Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, London.
  • Tortop Nuri, İSBİR Eyüp G., Aykaç, Burhan (1993), Yönetim Bilimi, Yargı Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Tutar, Hasan (2000), Küreselleşme Sürecinde İşletme Yönetimi, Hayat Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Waugh, William L. Jr. (2004). "Comparative Politics: Review of Comparative Bureaucratic Systems, Tummala, Krishna K., ed". Perspectives on Political Science. Philadelphia. 33 (2): 119.
  • Willermet, Cathy (2004). "Science, Philosophy." Encyclopedia of Anthropology.
  • Wilson, E.O. (1999). "The natural sciences". Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge (Reprint ed.). New York, New York: Vintage. pp. 49–71
  • Yildirim, Cemal (2013), Philosophy of Science, Yargı Publications, Ankara.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Murat Şengöz 0000-0001-6597-0161

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Şengöz, M. (2020). What is Science? Is Business Administration a Science?. Academic Knowledge, 3(2), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4399431

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