İş Yükü, Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Yenilikçi Yaklaşımını Nasıl Etkiliyor? Kesitsel-Tanımlayıcı Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Dünya çapında yoğun bakım hemşireleri, günlük olarak hasta bakım sonuçlarını iyileştirme ve sağlık bakım maliyetlerini düşürme amacıyla, sağlık alanında önemli gelişmelere neden olan yenilikçi faaliyetler ve girişimlerde bulunmaktadır. Yoğun bakım hemşrelerinin iş yükünün fazla olması yaratıcı ve yenilikçi yaklaşımlarını etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin hasta bakımı sırasındaki iş yüklerinin yenilikçi yaklaşımlara yönelik tutumları üzerinde etkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini Türkiye’de bir şehir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışan 138 hemşire oluşturdu. Veriler “Tanılama Formu”, “Bireysel Yenilikçilik Ölçeği’nin Hemşireliğe Uyarlanmış Versiyonu” ve “İş Yükü Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde Kolmogorov-Smirnov normallik testi, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskall-Wallis test, Spearmans Korelasyon kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca tanıtıcı istatistikler de verilmiştir. Bulgular: Bireysel Yenilikçilik Ölçeği’ne göre katılımcıların %2,2’si yenilikçi, %0,7’si öncü, %4,3’ü sorgulayıcı, %13,8’i kuşkucu, %79’u ise gelenekçidir. İş yükü ölçeğinin puan ortalamasının 5,00±1,17, Bireysel Yenilikçilik Ölçeği’nin toplam puan ortalamasının 2,94±0,44 olduğu saptandı. İş yükü ile Bireysel Yenilikçilik Ölçeği’nin alt boyutu arasında farklılık bulundu (p=0.012). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin iş yüklerinin fazla ve çoğunluğunun bireysel yenilik konusunda geleneksel bir tutum sergilemekte olduğu saptandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş yükü
• İnovasyon
• Yoğun bakım
• Hemşire

How Does Workload Affect the Innovative Approach of Intensive Care Nurses? A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

Abstract

Objective: Intensive care nurses (ICN) worldwide are engaged in innovative activities and initiatives daily that lead to significant improvements in health with the aim of improving patient care outcomes and reducing health care costs. The workload of the ICNs may affect their creative and innovative approach. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of ICNs workloads during the patient care on attitudes towards innovative approaches. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study. One hundred and thirty eight nurses working in intensive care units at a city training and research hospital in Turkey constituted the sample. Data was collected using "Participant Information Form", “Individual Innovativeness Scale in Nursing Profession” (IIS) and the “Workload Scale". Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskall-Wallis test, Spearmans correlation were used for statistical analyses. Demographic statistics are also given. Results: According to IIS, 2.2% (n=3) of respondents are innovators, 0.7% (n=1) pioneers, 4.3% (n=6) interrogators, 13.8% (n=19) skeptics, and 79% (n=109) traditionalists. Participants had an average score of 5.00±1.17 and a total score of 2.94±0.44. Differences were found between the workload and the innovativeness subscale of IIS (p=0.012). Conclusion: The results of our study revealed that the ICNs have excessive workloads and most of them have a traditional attitude to individual innovation.

Keywords

• Workload
• Innovative
• Intensive care
• Nurse

Kaynakça

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