Sulama suyu kalitesinin pamuğun lif özelliklerine etkisi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 131 - 137, 01.12.2011

B. Ödemiş R. Kanber

Öz

Farklı su düzeylerinin ve farklı kalitedeki sulama sularının (kanal suyu ECw=0,88 dS m-1 ve
tuzlu sulama suyu ECw=6,5 dS m-1) pamuk bitkisinin farklı gelişme dönemlerine (vejetatif
dönem VGP, Çiçeklenme ve elma oluşumu, FBF ve elma açımı OB) ve lif kalitesi üzerine
etkilerinin belirlenmeye çalışıldığı bu araştırma, 2 yıl süresince tarla koşullarında
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada normal sulama suyunun (ECw=0,88 dS m-1) çırçır randımanı,
eğrilebilirlik indeksi, lif inceliği, lif uzunluğu, yabancı madde sayısı, yabancı madde değeri,
iplik olabilirlik gücü ve parlaklık özelliklerinin farklı gelişme dönemlerindeki su kısıtlılığından
olumsuz şekilde etkilendikleri belirlenmiştir. Tuzlu sulama suyunun kullanılması durumunda
su kısıtlılığının farklı gelişme dönemlerinde lif özelliklerine etkisi kesin olarak ortaya
konulamamıştır. Ancak su kısıtlılığına rağmen yabancı madde sayısı, lif inceliği, kısa lif
indeksi artarken eğrilebilirlik indeksi, lif mukavemeti, lif uzunluğu, lif uniformitesi, lif
esnekliği, iplik olabilirliği, parlaklık ve kısa lif indeksi artmıştır. Lif esnekliği tuz stresi
nedeniyle lif özellikleri içerisinde en fazla azalan özellik olmuştur (%33). İki yıllık sonuçlar
bir arada değerlendirildiğinde ortalama toprak tuzluluğu (ECe) ile lif özellikleri arasında farklı
ilişkiler bulunmuştur. En yüksek regrasyon katsayısı ECe ve lif esnekliği arasında
gerçekleşmiştir (r= %76,18 p < 0,01). Lif inceliği, lif esnekliği, lif mukavemeti, lif uzunluğu,
kısa lif indeksi, sarılık, eğrilebilirlik, yabancı madde, uniformite, beyazlık, iplik olabilirlik, ve
çırçır randımanı ile ECe arasında regrasyon katsayısı yüksek (p < 0,01) önemli ilişkiler
bulunmuştur. Ayrıca lif özellikleri arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları ikinci yılda düşük, birinci
yılda yüksek bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pamuk, Lif özellikleri, Sulama suyu, Toprak tuzluluğu, Su kalitesi

The effect of irrigation water quality on fiber characteristics of cotton

Öz

The effects of fresh water (ECw=0.88 dS m-1), saline water (ECw=6.5 dS m-1) and water deficit on different growth stage on fiber quality of cotton were investigated through a two-year field study. Fourteen different fiber quality characteristics were investigated. When canal water was used, the detrimental effect of water deficit on different growth stages (vegetative period VGP, flowering and boll formation FBF and opening boll OB) were apparent on ginning out turn, short conversion index, micronaire, length, count, trash area, count strength product and reflectance degree. With the use of saline water, no obvious effect of water deficit at different growth periods on fiber quality was observed. However, regardless of water deficit, spinning conversion index, strength, length, uniformity, elongation, count strength product, reflectance degree, and yellowness decreased, while micronaire, trash count, and short fiber index increased. The greatest effect of saline water stress was observed in elongation, which was reduced by about 33%. Two years data were combined and the relationship between mean soil salinity (ECe) and each fiber quality was investigated. The highest regression coefficient (r= 76.18%, p<0.01) was obtained between ECe and elongation. The regression coefficient of micronaire, elongation, strength, length, short fiber index, yellowness, spinning conversion index, count, uniformity, reflectance degree, count strength product and ginning out turn with ECe were significant (p<0.01). In addition, the correlation coefficients between the fiber characteristics were lower in the second year, whereas they were higher in the first year of the study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cotton, Fiber characteristics, Irrigation water, Soil salinity, Water quality

Kaynakça

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