Araştırma Makalesi
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The Effects of Electromagnetic Field on the Vegetative Growth of the Cuttings of Cardinal Grape Variety

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 23 - 28, 01.06.2007

Öz

In this research which is a basic study, the effects of low frequency electromagnetic field, 50 Hz, 0.15 mT applied with the durations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes to the canes of Cardinal grape variety on the vegetative growth of the cuttings were investigated. The canes applied with the electromagnetic field were cut and prepared as 5-6 cm in length having one bud before planting. The study conducted in a two-year trial, 2003 and 2005, was arranged in a randomized plot experimental design with four replications and each replication consisted of 15 cuttings. In the research, the effects of low frequency electromagnetic field onto the vegetative growth of the cuttings of Cardinal grape variety on the vigour, shooting percentage, rooting percentage, root development level, root weight, root number, shoot height, shoot weight, node number, average internode length, root weight/shoot weight and shoot+root weight parameters were investigated. In conclusion, two-year results suggested that the electromagnetic field with 0.15 mT applied to the cuttings of Cardinal grape variety found out to be significant at the level of 5% on the parameters of vigour, rooting percentage, root development level, root weight, shoot height, node number, average internode length and shoot+root weight.

Kaynakça

  • Aarholt, E., Flinn, E.A. and Smith, C.W., 1981. Effects of Low Frequency Magnetic Fields on Bacterial Growth Rate. Phys. Med. Biol. 26: 613.
  • Açıkgöz, N., Akkaş, M.E., Moghaddam, A. and Özcan, K., 1994. TARIST: An Agrostotistical Package Programme for Personal Computers. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi 25-29 Nisan 1994, İzmir, Bitki Islahı Bildirileri, 264-267.
  • Aladjadjiyan, A., 2002. Study of the Influence of Magnetic Field on Some Biological Characteristics of Zea mais. J. of Central European Agriculture, 3(2): 90-94.
  • Alexander, M.P. and Doijode, S.D., 1995. Electromagnetic Field a Novel Tool to Increase Germination and Seedling Vigour of Conserved Onion (Allium cepa L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seeds With Low Viability. Plant-Gerletic- Resources, Newsletter, No:4, 1-5.
  • Bhatnagar, D. and Deb, A.R., 1977. Some Aspects of Regermination Exposure of Wheat Seeds to Magnetic Field: Germination and Early Growth, Seed Research, 5: 129-137.
  • Belyavskaya, N.A., 2004. Biological Effects Due to Weak Magnetic Field on Plants. Advances in Space Research, 34: 1566-1574.
  • Belyavskaya, N.A., Fomicheva, V.M., Govorun, R.D. and Danilov, V.I., 1992. Structural-Functional Organisation of the Meristem Cells of Pea, Lentil and Flax Roots in Conditions of Screening the Geomagnetic Field. Biophysics, 37(4): 657-666.
  • Black, J.D., Forsyth, F.R., Fensom, D.S. and Ross, R.B., 1971. Electrical Stimulation and Its Effects on Growth and Ion Accumulation in Tomato Plants. Can. J. Bot., 49: 1809-1815.
  • Blank, M. and Goodman, R., 1997. Do Electromagnetic Fields Interact Directly with DNA? Bioelectromagnetics 18(2): 111-115.
  • Bosica, I. and Zeriu, F., 1990. Effect of Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Treatment in the Presence of Nitrogen on Cereal Plant Growth. Seed Abs. 013-03315.
  • Celestino, C., Picaza, M.L. and Toribio, M., 2000. Influence of Chronic Exposure to an Electromagnetic Field on Germination and Early Growth of Quercus Suber Seeds: Preliminary Study. Electro and Magnetobiology, 19(1): 115- 120.
  • Chao, L. and Walker, D. R., 1967. Effect of a Magnetic Field on the Germination of Apple, Apricot and Peach Seeds. Hort. Sci., 2: 152-153.
  • Çelik, H., 2002. Üzüm Çeşitleri Kataloğu. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü. Sunfidan A.Ş. Mesleki Kitaplar Serisi: 2. 84 s. Ankara.
  • Danilov, V., Bas, T., Eltez, M. and Rzakoulieva, A., 1994. Artificial Magnetic Field Effect on Yield and Quality of Tomatoes. Acta Horticulture, 366: 279-285.
  • Dardeniz, A. and Tayyar, Ş., 2005. An Investigation on the Bud-Break and Growth of Cuttings of 420 A and 5 BB American Vine Rootstocks Irradiated With Different Gamma Doses. J. Central European Agriculture, 6(2): 173-178.
  • E, W.S., Lian, C.C., Zhang, J.L. and Shi, Z.Z., 1991. Effects of Magnetization on the Main Characters of Soybean, Oil Crops of China 4: 36-38.
  • FAO, 2005. Agricultural Primary Crops Production Databases. http://apps.fao.org.
  • Fomicheva, V.M., Zaslavskii, V.A., Govorun, R.D. and Danilov, V.I., 1992. Dynamics of RNA and Protein Synthesis in the Cells of the Root Meristem of the Pea, Lentil and Flax. Biophysics, 37(4): 649-656.
  • Goodman, E.M., Greenebaum, B. and Marron, M.T., 1995. Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Molecules and Cells. Int. Rev. Cytol., 158: 279- 338.
  • Kato, R., 1988. Effects of Magnetic Field on the Growth of Primary Roots of Zea mays. Plant Cell Physiol. 29 (7): 1215-1219.
  • Kazymov, P.P., 1987. Effect of Screening Natural Electromagnetic Fields on Green Pigment Contents of Phaseolus vulgaris Leaves. Field Crops Abstracts, 040-01517.
  • Kısmalı, İ., 1978. Yuvarlak Çekirdeksiz Üzüm Çeşidi ve Farklı Amerikan Asma Anaçları ile Yapılan Aşılı-Köklü Asma Fidanı Üretimi Üzerinde Araştırmalar, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Meyve-Bağ Yetiştirme ve Islahı Kürsüsü (Doçentlik Tezi), 93s.
  • Krizaj, D. and Valencic, V., 1989. The Effect of ELF Magnetic Fields and Temperature on Differential Plant Growth. Journal of Bioelectricity, 8(2): 159-165.
  • Li, G.L. and Yang, Y.L., 1996. Influence of Electromagnetic Field on the Super-weak Luminosity and ATP Content in Germinating Mung Bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) CAB Abst.1-10, J. of Southwest Agriculture University, 1995, 17(2): 176-178.
  • Mericle, R.P., Mericle, L.W., Smith, A.E., Campbell, W.F. and Montgomery, D.J., 1964. Plant Growth Responses. In: Biological Effects of Magnetic Fields (Edited by MR Barnothy). Plenum Press. Newyork, 183-195 pp.
  • Miyakoshi, J., Kitagawa, K. and Takebe, H., 1997. Mutation Induction by High-density, 50 Hz Magnetic Fields in Human MeWo Cells Exposed in the DNA Synthesis Phase. Int. J. Rad. Biol. 71(1): 75-79.
  • Namba, K., Sasao, A. and Shibusawa, S., 1995. Effect of Magnetic Field on Germination and Plant Growth. Acta Horticulture, 399: 143-147.
  • Peng, H.B. and Haffe, L.F., 1977. Polarization of Fucoid Eggs by Steady Electrical Fields. Dev. Biol., 53: 277-284.
  • Phirke, P.S., Kubde, A.B. and Umbarkar, S.P., 1996a. The Influence of Magnetic Field on Plant Growth. Seed Sci.&Techol. 24(2): 375-392.
  • Phirke, P.S., Patil, M.N., Umbarkar, S.P. and Dudhe, Y.H., 1996b. The Application of Magnetic Treatmant to Seeds: Methods and Responses. Seed Sci. & Tech., 24(2): 365-373.
  • Pittman, U.J., 1972. Biomagnetic Responses in Potatoes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 52: 727-733.
  • Rapley, B.I., Rowland, R.E., Page, W.H. and Podd, J.V., 1998. Influence of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields on Chromosomes and the Mitotic Cycle in Vicia faba L., the Broad Bean, Bioelectromagnetics, 19:152-161.
  • Runthala, P. and Bhattacharya, S., 1991. Effect of Magnetic Field on the Living Cells of Allium cepa L., Cytologia, 56: 63-72.
  • Şeker, S. ve Çerezci, O., 2000. Radyasyon Kuşatması, Elektriğin ve Nükleer Enerjinin Sağlığımıza Etkileri. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Tian, W.X., Kuang, Y.L. and Mei, Z.P., 1989. Effect of Magnetic Water on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Grain Yield of Rice. CAB Abst. 1990-1991, J. of Jilin Agricultural University, 1989. 11(4): 11-16.
  • Vakharia, D.N., Davariya, R.L. and Parameswaran, M., 1991. Influence of Magnetic Treatment on Groundnut Yield and Yield Attributes. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 24(2): 131-136.

ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 23 - 28, 01.06.2007

Öz

Temel bir araştırma niteliğindeki bu çalışmada, Cardinal üzüm çeşidinin yıllık dallarına 5, 10, 15, 20 ve 25 dakikalık sürelerde uygulanan 50 Hz 0.15 mT’lık düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik alanın, kalemlerin vejetatif gelişimi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Elektromanyetik alan uygulamasına tabi tutulan yıllık dallar dikimden önce 5-6 cm uzunluğunda tek gözlü kalemler şeklinde kesilip hazırlanmıştır. 2003 ve 2005 yıllarında iki yıl süre ile yürütülen araştırma tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuş ve her tekerrürde 15 adet kalem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik alanın Cardinal üzüm çeşidi kalemlerinin gelişme gücü, sürme yüzdesi, köklenme yüzdesi, kök gelişim düzeyi, kök ağırlığı, kök sayısı, sürgün uzunluğu, sürgün ağırlığı, boğum sayısı, ortalama boğum uzunluğu, kök ağırlığı/sürgün ağırlığı ve sürgün+kök ağırlığı parametreleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, iki yıllık ortalamalar göz önünde tutulduğunda Cardinal üzüm çeşidinin yıllık dallarına uygulanan 0.15 mT’lık elektromanyetik alanın gelişme gücü, köklenme yüzdesi, kök gelişim düzeyi, kök ağırlığı, sürgün uzunluğu, boğum sayısı, ortalama boğum uzunluğu ve sürgün+kök ağırlığı parametreleri üzerinde % 5 düzeyinde önemli olduğu saptanmıştır

Kaynakça

  • Aarholt, E., Flinn, E.A. and Smith, C.W., 1981. Effects of Low Frequency Magnetic Fields on Bacterial Growth Rate. Phys. Med. Biol. 26: 613.
  • Açıkgöz, N., Akkaş, M.E., Moghaddam, A. and Özcan, K., 1994. TARIST: An Agrostotistical Package Programme for Personal Computers. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi 25-29 Nisan 1994, İzmir, Bitki Islahı Bildirileri, 264-267.
  • Aladjadjiyan, A., 2002. Study of the Influence of Magnetic Field on Some Biological Characteristics of Zea mais. J. of Central European Agriculture, 3(2): 90-94.
  • Alexander, M.P. and Doijode, S.D., 1995. Electromagnetic Field a Novel Tool to Increase Germination and Seedling Vigour of Conserved Onion (Allium cepa L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seeds With Low Viability. Plant-Gerletic- Resources, Newsletter, No:4, 1-5.
  • Bhatnagar, D. and Deb, A.R., 1977. Some Aspects of Regermination Exposure of Wheat Seeds to Magnetic Field: Germination and Early Growth, Seed Research, 5: 129-137.
  • Belyavskaya, N.A., 2004. Biological Effects Due to Weak Magnetic Field on Plants. Advances in Space Research, 34: 1566-1574.
  • Belyavskaya, N.A., Fomicheva, V.M., Govorun, R.D. and Danilov, V.I., 1992. Structural-Functional Organisation of the Meristem Cells of Pea, Lentil and Flax Roots in Conditions of Screening the Geomagnetic Field. Biophysics, 37(4): 657-666.
  • Black, J.D., Forsyth, F.R., Fensom, D.S. and Ross, R.B., 1971. Electrical Stimulation and Its Effects on Growth and Ion Accumulation in Tomato Plants. Can. J. Bot., 49: 1809-1815.
  • Blank, M. and Goodman, R., 1997. Do Electromagnetic Fields Interact Directly with DNA? Bioelectromagnetics 18(2): 111-115.
  • Bosica, I. and Zeriu, F., 1990. Effect of Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Treatment in the Presence of Nitrogen on Cereal Plant Growth. Seed Abs. 013-03315.
  • Celestino, C., Picaza, M.L. and Toribio, M., 2000. Influence of Chronic Exposure to an Electromagnetic Field on Germination and Early Growth of Quercus Suber Seeds: Preliminary Study. Electro and Magnetobiology, 19(1): 115- 120.
  • Chao, L. and Walker, D. R., 1967. Effect of a Magnetic Field on the Germination of Apple, Apricot and Peach Seeds. Hort. Sci., 2: 152-153.
  • Çelik, H., 2002. Üzüm Çeşitleri Kataloğu. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü. Sunfidan A.Ş. Mesleki Kitaplar Serisi: 2. 84 s. Ankara.
  • Danilov, V., Bas, T., Eltez, M. and Rzakoulieva, A., 1994. Artificial Magnetic Field Effect on Yield and Quality of Tomatoes. Acta Horticulture, 366: 279-285.
  • Dardeniz, A. and Tayyar, Ş., 2005. An Investigation on the Bud-Break and Growth of Cuttings of 420 A and 5 BB American Vine Rootstocks Irradiated With Different Gamma Doses. J. Central European Agriculture, 6(2): 173-178.
  • E, W.S., Lian, C.C., Zhang, J.L. and Shi, Z.Z., 1991. Effects of Magnetization on the Main Characters of Soybean, Oil Crops of China 4: 36-38.
  • FAO, 2005. Agricultural Primary Crops Production Databases. http://apps.fao.org.
  • Fomicheva, V.M., Zaslavskii, V.A., Govorun, R.D. and Danilov, V.I., 1992. Dynamics of RNA and Protein Synthesis in the Cells of the Root Meristem of the Pea, Lentil and Flax. Biophysics, 37(4): 649-656.
  • Goodman, E.M., Greenebaum, B. and Marron, M.T., 1995. Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Molecules and Cells. Int. Rev. Cytol., 158: 279- 338.
  • Kato, R., 1988. Effects of Magnetic Field on the Growth of Primary Roots of Zea mays. Plant Cell Physiol. 29 (7): 1215-1219.
  • Kazymov, P.P., 1987. Effect of Screening Natural Electromagnetic Fields on Green Pigment Contents of Phaseolus vulgaris Leaves. Field Crops Abstracts, 040-01517.
  • Kısmalı, İ., 1978. Yuvarlak Çekirdeksiz Üzüm Çeşidi ve Farklı Amerikan Asma Anaçları ile Yapılan Aşılı-Köklü Asma Fidanı Üretimi Üzerinde Araştırmalar, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Meyve-Bağ Yetiştirme ve Islahı Kürsüsü (Doçentlik Tezi), 93s.
  • Krizaj, D. and Valencic, V., 1989. The Effect of ELF Magnetic Fields and Temperature on Differential Plant Growth. Journal of Bioelectricity, 8(2): 159-165.
  • Li, G.L. and Yang, Y.L., 1996. Influence of Electromagnetic Field on the Super-weak Luminosity and ATP Content in Germinating Mung Bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) CAB Abst.1-10, J. of Southwest Agriculture University, 1995, 17(2): 176-178.
  • Mericle, R.P., Mericle, L.W., Smith, A.E., Campbell, W.F. and Montgomery, D.J., 1964. Plant Growth Responses. In: Biological Effects of Magnetic Fields (Edited by MR Barnothy). Plenum Press. Newyork, 183-195 pp.
  • Miyakoshi, J., Kitagawa, K. and Takebe, H., 1997. Mutation Induction by High-density, 50 Hz Magnetic Fields in Human MeWo Cells Exposed in the DNA Synthesis Phase. Int. J. Rad. Biol. 71(1): 75-79.
  • Namba, K., Sasao, A. and Shibusawa, S., 1995. Effect of Magnetic Field on Germination and Plant Growth. Acta Horticulture, 399: 143-147.
  • Peng, H.B. and Haffe, L.F., 1977. Polarization of Fucoid Eggs by Steady Electrical Fields. Dev. Biol., 53: 277-284.
  • Phirke, P.S., Kubde, A.B. and Umbarkar, S.P., 1996a. The Influence of Magnetic Field on Plant Growth. Seed Sci.&Techol. 24(2): 375-392.
  • Phirke, P.S., Patil, M.N., Umbarkar, S.P. and Dudhe, Y.H., 1996b. The Application of Magnetic Treatmant to Seeds: Methods and Responses. Seed Sci. & Tech., 24(2): 365-373.
  • Pittman, U.J., 1972. Biomagnetic Responses in Potatoes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 52: 727-733.
  • Rapley, B.I., Rowland, R.E., Page, W.H. and Podd, J.V., 1998. Influence of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields on Chromosomes and the Mitotic Cycle in Vicia faba L., the Broad Bean, Bioelectromagnetics, 19:152-161.
  • Runthala, P. and Bhattacharya, S., 1991. Effect of Magnetic Field on the Living Cells of Allium cepa L., Cytologia, 56: 63-72.
  • Şeker, S. ve Çerezci, O., 2000. Radyasyon Kuşatması, Elektriğin ve Nükleer Enerjinin Sağlığımıza Etkileri. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Tian, W.X., Kuang, Y.L. and Mei, Z.P., 1989. Effect of Magnetic Water on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Grain Yield of Rice. CAB Abst. 1990-1991, J. of Jilin Agricultural University, 1989. 11(4): 11-16.
  • Vakharia, D.N., Davariya, R.L. and Parameswaran, M., 1991. Influence of Magnetic Treatment on Groundnut Yield and Yield Attributes. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 24(2): 131-136.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

A. Dardeniz Bu kişi benim

Ş. Tayyar Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2007
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2007 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Dardeniz, A., & Tayyar, Ş. (2007). ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 20(1), 23-28.
AMA Dardeniz A, Tayyar Ş. ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. Haziran 2007;20(1):23-28.
Chicago Dardeniz, A., ve Ş. Tayyar. “ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 20, sy. 1 (Haziran 2007): 23-28.
EndNote Dardeniz A, Tayyar Ş (01 Haziran 2007) ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 20 1 23–28.
IEEE A. Dardeniz ve Ş. Tayyar, “ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ”, Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, c. 20, sy. 1, ss. 23–28, 2007.
ISNAD Dardeniz, A. - Tayyar, Ş. “ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 20/1 (Haziran 2007), 23-28.
JAMA Dardeniz A, Tayyar Ş. ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2007;20:23–28.
MLA Dardeniz, A. ve Ş. Tayyar. “ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, c. 20, sy. 1, 2007, ss. 23-28.
Vancouver Dardeniz A, Tayyar Ş. ELEKTROMANYETİK ALANIN CARDİNAL ÜZÜM ÇEŞİDİ KALEMLERİNİN VEJETATİF GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2007;20(1):23-8.