ANTALYA’DA TARLA KOŞULLARINDA BERMUDA ÇİMİNİN SU TÜKETİMİ VE BAZI KIYAS BİTKİ SU TÜKETİMİ EŞİTLİKLERİNİN GEÇERLİLİĞİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 45 - 57, 01.06.2007

Y. Emekli R. Baştuğ

Öz

Bu tüketimine etkisi ve su tüketiminin tahmini için kıyas bitki su tüketimi hesaplanmasında kullanılan bazı deneyimsel eşitliklerin geçerliliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada A sınıfı buharlaşma kabından iki gün ara ile meydana gelen buharlaşmanın % 100, 75, 50 ve 25’i düzeylerinde sulanan sırasıyla I1, I2, I3 ve I4 olmak üzere dört sulama konusu oluşturulmuştur. Toprak profilindeki nem değişiminin nötron probe aleti ve bitki kök bölgesindeki nem tansiyonunun tansiyometrelerle izlendiği çalışmada, bermuda çiminde sulama düzeylerine bağlı olarak görsel kalite değişimi bir renk skalası kullanılarak mevsim boyunca izlenmiştir. İklimsel veriler kullanılarak çim bitkisi kıyas bitki su tüketiminin farklı yöntemlerle hesaplanmasında IAM.ETo bilgisayar yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Gerçek bitki su tüketimini en iyi tahmin edebilecek kıyas bitki su tüketimi eşitliğinin belirlenmesinde hata kareler ortalaması (HKO) en düşük olan yöntem dikkate alınmıştır. Çalışmada en iyi görsel kalite I1 ve I2 konularından elde edilmiştir. Sulama düzeylerine bağlı olarak I1, I2, I3 ve I4 konularında deneme süresince ortalama günlük su tüketim değerleri sırasıyla 9.80, 7.43, 5.10 ve 2.82 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. Antalya koşullarında A sınıfı buharlaşma kabından olan buharlaşmanın %75’i düzeyinde sulama yapılmasının bermuda çimi için yeterli olacağı, anılan çim bitkisi için su tüketimi tahmininde kıyas bitki su tüketimi eşitliklerinin kullanılması durumunda en iyi tahmin eşitliklerinin sırasıyla FAO Radyasyon, Orijinal Penman ve Penman-Monteith eşitlikleri olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bermuda Çimi, Kıyas Bitki Su Tüketimi, Sulama Programlaması

Determination of Bermudagrass Evapotranspiration and Validation of Some Reference Evapotranspiration Equations under Open Field Conditions in Antalya

Öz

This research was carried out to determine the effects of different irrigation levels on evapotranspiration of bermudagrass and validation of some amprical reference evapotranspiration equations under open field conditions. The experiment consisted of four irrigation treatments: 100, 75, 50 and 25 % of class A pan evaporation (I1, I2, I3 and I4). Soil moisture changing in the soil profile was monitored by a neutron probe and soil mositure tension changing in the root zone was also monitored by tensiometers. Visual quality cahnging as regarded by irrigation levels was monitored with a color scale during the season. IAM.ETo software program was used for computation of reference ET from different equations with the using of meteorological data. The equation which had the lowest root mean square errors (RMS) was considered the best equation for representing actual evapotranspiration under open field conditions. The best visual quality was obtained from I1 and I2 treatments. Average seasonal ETc values for I1, I2, I3 and I4 were determined as 9.80, 7.43, 5.10 and 2.82 mm/day, respectively. The amount of irrigation water more than 75% of evaporation measured in Class A pan does not affect visual quality of turfgrass and is enough to sustain an acceptable turfgrass quality under Antalya conditions. According to the above mentioned criteria, FAO Radiation method was chosen the best equation and this fallowed by Original Penman and Penman-Monteith equations, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bermudagrass, reference evapotranspiration, irrigation scheduling

Kaynakça

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