Topraklarda Su Erozyonu Kökenli Kabuk Tabakası Oluşumu

Yıl 2000, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 107 - 112, 01.06.2000

Zeki Alagöz

Öz

Yapılan araştırmalar, topraklarda aşağıda belirtilmiş olan 3 farklı yapıda kabuk tabakası oluştuğunu göstermektedir. 1) Toprak yüzeyindeki agregatların yağmur damlalarının ıslatma ve çarpma etkisi ile bir dereceye kadar dağıldıktan sonra, ortamda önceden var olan teksel parçacıkların da katılımı ile yeniden organize olup sıkışması ile meydana gelen kabuk tabakası (Destructional/Structural Crust). 2) Toprak materyalinin su etkisi ile orjinal yerinden koparılıp taşınması ve daha sonra başka bir alanda birikmesi ile meydana gelen kabuk tabakası (Depositional/Sedimentational Crust). 3) Yağışın sona ermesinden sonra toprak yüzeyinde oluşan su birikintileri veya laminar karakterli yüzey akışı içinde süspanse halde bulunan toprak materyalinin çökelmesi ile meydana gelen kabuk tabakası (Lamellar Crust/ Skin Seal/Afterflow Seal).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kabuk, Kaymak tabakası, Yapısal degradasyon

Water Erosion Induced Crust Formation in Soils

Öz

Previous researches indicated that three kinds of crust development occur in soils as follows; 1) Formation of the Structural Crust (Destructional Crust) after the rearrangement and compaction of the individual particles present and the particles emerge by the slaking and destruction of the surface aggregates due to wetting and splash affect of the raindrops. 2) Formation of the Sedimentational (Depositional) Crust after the deposition of the transported soil material. 3) Formation of the Lamellar Crust (Skin Seal/Afterflow Seal) by the settling down of the suspended soil material in the puddles or in the flowing water with laminar character.

Anahtar Kelimeler

crust, surface sealing, structural degradation

Kaynakça

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