Toprak Suyu Potansiyeli ve Bitki Su Stresi İndeksi (CWSI) Değerlerinin Mısır Sulamasında Kullanılması

Yıl 1996, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 241 - 255, 01.12.1996

Ruhi Baştuğ Suat Irmak

Öz

Bu çalışmada, bitki su stresinin izlenmesinde topraktaki ve bitkideki ölçümlere dayanan iki teknikten yararlanılarak belirlenen toprak suyu potansiyeli (Ψ) ve bitki su stresi indeksi (CWSI) değerlerinin, mısır bitkisinin sulama zamanının saptanması ve sulamaya ilişkin bazı pratik sonuçlara ulaşılmasında kullanılabilirlikleri Antalya koşullarında araştırılmıştır.
Farklı sulama konularında toprak nemi nötronmetre yöntemi ile izlenmiştir. Ψ değerlerinin ölçülmesinde bir termokapl psikrometre kullanılmıştır. CWSI değerleri ise, elde taşınabilir bir infrared termometre ile ölçülen bitki taç sıcaklığı değerlerinden yararlanılarak belirlenmiştir. Ψ ve CWSI’nin bitki su stresinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabileceği,  Ψ =-9 bar ve CWSI= 0.39 değerlerinin mısır bitkisinin sulama zamanına karar vermede ölçüt olarak alınabileceği, mevsimlik ortalama CWSI değerlerinden yaralanılarak mısır dane veriminin tahmin edilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, Ψ ve CWSI arasında belirlenen regresyon denkleminden yararlanılarak bir teknikle ölçülen stres düzeyinin diğerine dönüştürülebileceği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toprak Suyu Potansiyeli, Bitki Su Stresi İndeksi, irrigation

Utilization of Soil Water Potential and Crop Water Stress lndex (CWSI) Values in Maize Irrigation

Öz

This experiment was condueted to investigate the utilization possibility of soil water potential (Ψ ) and crop water stress index (CWSI) values, which can be determined from the two of crop water stress monitoring techniques based on soil and plant measurements, for determining of irrigation time and for obtaining some practical results about irrigation of maize under Antalya conditions.
Soil water contents for different irrigation treatments were measured with a neutron moisture meter. The Ψ value measurements were made vith the thermocouple psychrometry technique. Canopy temperature measurements, for determining the CWSI values were obtained by using a portable hand-held infrared thermometer. The results have shown that Ψ and CWSI can be used for guantifying crop water stress. It was found that Ψ=-9 bars and CWSI= 0.39 values can be taken as criteria for deciding irragation time. Average CWSI values of maize under varying soil water regimes were negatively correlated with grain yield. It was also demonstrated that regression between Ψ and CWSI values, allowed direct comparison of stress levels from one technique to the other.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Crop Water Stress lndex, Soil Water Potential, irrigation

Kaynakça

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