Oğlaklarda Erken Sütten Kesim

Yıl 1991, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1-2, 115 - 128, 01.12.1991

M. Şükrü Yargıcı

Öz

Sütten kesim, sütle beslemeden tamamen katı yemlerle beslemeye geçiş olarak tanımlanabilir. Doğumdan oğlağın hiç süt tüketmediği döneme kadar devam eden sütle besleme süresi, yetiştirme sistemine ve benzeri nedenlere bağlı olarak, 3 haftadan 6-7 aya kadar değişebilmektedir.
Sütten kesimin, ileriki dönem verimlerini olumsuz etkilememek koşuluyla mümkün olduğunca erken yapılması gerekir. Uzun süre sütle besleme rumen gelişmesinde gecikmeye neden olmaktadır. Rumenin toplam mideye olan oranı doğumdan 4 aylık yaşa kadar artmaktadır. Aynı dönemde abomasumun oranı ise azalmaktadır. Erken sütten kesme pazarlanabilir süt miktarını arttırdığı ve işgücü ihtiyacını azalttığı gibi, rumen gelişmesini de olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.
Yaştan ziyade canlı ağırlığın, oğlakların sütten kesim çağını belirleyen iyi bir kriter olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Şu durumda 7 haftadan önce veya erkekleri 10 kg dişileri 9 kg canlı ağırlığa ulaşmadan sütten kesim, üzerinde dikkatle düşünülmesi ve araştırılması gereken bir konudur. Bu konuda ülkemizde yapılan araştırma sayısı son derece sınırlıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oğlak, Süt, katı yeml

Early Weaning In Kids

Öz

The weaning period is defined as a passage from milk feeding to solid feeding. The milk feeding period lasts from birth till the time when the kid does not consume milk anymore. The weaning period considerably varies according to breeding system. This period lasts from 3 weeks to about 6-7 months.
The weaning should be as short as possible to keep the productions at optimal levels. The long milk feeding causes slow rumen development. Proportion of rumen to stomach in per cent increases with age from birth to 4th month. Meanwhile, the proportion of abomasum decreases with age in the same period. Early weaning increases the marketable milk production, reduces labor costs and affects the rumen development in a favorable direction.
The weight of a kid is a better criterion to decide the moment of weaning rather than the age. Under the contitions in Türkiye, the very important task is to search and consider whether after the 7th week from the birth is appropriate for weaning the kids is good or not. In this period of time, male kids reache up to 10 kg live weight and female kids reache up to 9 kg live weight. There is a limited number of researches conducted on this problem in Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kids, Weaning, solid feeding

Kaynakça

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