Ortognatik Cerrahi Tedavi ve Yumuşak Dokular Üzerindeki Etkisi

Yıl 2021, , 1 - 12, 31.03.2021

Gökhan Çoban , İbrahim Yavuz

https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.646734

Öz

Büyüme gelişimini tamamlamış hastalarda tek başına ortodontik düzeltimin kapasitesini aşan şiddetli iskeletsel uyumsuzlukların tedavisinde kullanılan ortodontik ve cerrahi prosedürler ortognatik cerrahi olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu tedavinin sonucunda kabul edilebilir ve dengeli bir yüz görünümüne, çiğneme ve konuşma fonksiyonlarına kavuşulması ve hastanın esas şikâyetlerinin çözülmesi amaçlanmalıdır. Yüzün yumuşak doku hatları, altta yatan yüz iskeletini yansıtmaktadır, bu nedenle iskeletsel uyumsuzluklar kaçınılmaz olarak yüzün yumuşak dokularını etkilemektedir. Ortodontinin uzmanlık alanı olarak ilk kurulduğu 1900’lu yıllarda, tedaviler ‘Angle’ın sert doku paradigması’na göre, öncelikli olarak okluzyonun ideale getirilmesi şeklinde planlanmaktaydı; ancak son yıllarda, ortodonti ve ortognatik cerrahi tedavide, dentofasiyal problemlerin yüzün yumuşak dokularındaki tedavisine odaklanan ‘yumuşak doku paradigması’ kabul görmeye başlamıştır. Bu yaklaşımda tedavinin sonunda, öncelikli olarak olarak yüz yumuşak dokularının adaptasyonu ve dengesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu makalede, ortognatik cerrahi tedavinin endikasyonları, hareket kapasitesi ve yumuşak dokular üzerindeki etkilerini ele alan bir literatür derlemesi sunulmuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

ortognatik cerrahi tedavi, yumuşak doku analizi, ortodontik tedavi

Orthognathic Surgical Treatment and Its Effect on Soft Tissues

Öz

Orthodontic and surgical procedures used in the treatment of severe skeletal discrepancies exceeding the capacity of orthodontic treatment alone in patients who have completed their growth and development are called orthognatic surgery. As a result of this treatment, it should be aimed to achieve an acceptable and balanced face appearance, masticatory and speaking functions and to solve the chief complaints of the patient. The soft tissues of the face reflect the underlying skeletal structure, so skeletal discrepancies inevitably affect the soft tissues of the face. In the 1900s, when orthodontics was established as a specialty, treatments were planned primarily to achieve an ideal occlusion, according to ‘Angle's hard tissue paradigm’; however, in recent years, the ‘soft tissue paradigm’ focusing on the treatment of facial soft tissues in dentofacial problems has started to be accepted in orthodontics and orthognathic treatments. In soft tissue paradigm, primarily the adaptation and balance of facial soft tissues is aimed after surgery. In this article, a review of the literature on indications, movement capacity and effects of orthognatic surgery on soft tissues is presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

orthognathic surgical treatment, soft tissue analysis, orthodontic treatment

Kaynakça

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