El Osteoartritinde Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3, 121 - 129, 30.09.2023

Erkan Kozanoglu

https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.1344447

Öz

El osteoartriti (OA), birey ve toplum üzerinde önemli bir yük oluşturan dünya çapında sık görülen bir sağlık problemidir. Hastalık, el eklemlerini etkileyen lokal bir OA formudur. El OA prevalansı yaşla birlikte artmasına rağmen, orta yaşlı insanların çoğunda en az bir el eklemini etkileyen radyografik OA bulunmaktadır. Genel olarak hastaların % 3-16’sı semptomatik hale gelmekte ve hastalığın değişken bir klinik gidişatı bulunmaktadır. Ağrı, sertlik, fonksiyonel bozukluk sıklıkla bildirilen semptomlar olup sonuçta günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde kısıtlanma ve yaşam kalitesinde azalma oluşmaktadır. El OA tanısı klinik ve/veya radyolojik olarak konulmaktadır. Yüksek prevalansına rağmen, hastalığın yönetiminde etkili tedavi modaliteleri az sayıdadır. Son yıllarda el OA yönetimine daha fazla dikkat çekilmiştir. Avrupa Romatizma Karşıtı Birlik (European League Against Rheumatism-EULAR), Amerikan Romatoloji Koleji (The American College of Rheumatology-ACR)/Artrit Vakfı (Arthritis Foundation-AF) önerileri başta olmak üzere çok sayıda klinik rehber yayınlanmıştır. El OA farmakolojik ve non-farmakolojik tedavileri temel olarak; hasta eğitimi ve kendi kendine yönetimi, ortezler, egzersiz, fizik tedavi modaliteleri, topikal veya sistemik nonsteroidal antiinflamatuvar ilaçlar, oral kortikosteroidler ve farklı intra-artiküler tedavileri içermektedir. Literatürde yeni tedavi seçenekleri önerilmiş olmakla birlikte, bunlar hakkında yeterli kanıtlar bulunmamaktadır ve bu durum klinik uygulamada dikkatle değerlendirilmelidir.
Bu makalede, konuyla ilgili sağlık profesyonellerine rehberlik etmesi amacıyla, el OA yönetiminde yer alan farmakolojik ve non-farmakolojik tedavi yaklaşımları ile birlikte yeni gelişmeler gözden geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Osteoartrit, el, tedavi

Kaynakça

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