FARKLI KİMYASAL YÜZEY İYİLEŞTİRME İŞLEMLERİNİN PİRİNÇ KABUĞU EPOKSİ KOMPOZİT MALZEMELERİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Bazı tarım ürünlerinin atık kısımlarında bulunan lifli yapılar, polimer matrisli kompozit malzemeler içerisinde takviye veya dolgu malzemesi olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Pirinç kabuğu da bu yapıdaki tarımsal atıklarına örnektir. Bunun en temel sebeplerinden bir tanesi pirinç kabuğunun kolaylıkla bulunması ve iyi mekanik özelliklere sahip olmasıdır. Atık eldesi sonrası elde edilen kabuk kısmın işlem görmeden termoset ile karıştırılmasıyla pirinç kabuğu ve polimer arasındaki arayüz zayıf kalmaktadır. Arayüz özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için fiziksel ve kimyasal ön işlemler uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada pirinç kabuğu-epoksi biyokompozit malzemelerin ara yüzeylerindeki adhezyon artışı için pirinç kabuklarına kimyasal ön işlemler uygulanmıştır. Bu ön işlemler farklı konsantrasyonlara sahip asit, baz kimyasalların tatbiki ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ön işlemler sonrası farklı pirinç kabuğu oranlarına sahip karışımları kalıplara dökülmüştür. Uygulanan mekanik testler sonrasında çekme dayanımının pirinç kabuğu oranı artması ile düştüğü görülerken, alkali yüzey işlemlerinin asidik işlemlere oranla daha iyi sonuç verdiği, çalışılan yüzey iyileştirmeler arasında %3 sodyum hidroksit uygulanmış numunelerin en yüksek mekanik özellikleri gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Mikroskop çalışmasının sonuçlarına göre, arayüzde oluşan boşluk miktarı yüz işlemleri ile azalmıştır ve en az boşluk miktarı sodyum hidroksit ile iyileştirme yapılan numunelerde elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyokompozit
• Kompozit Malzemeler
• Mekanik Test
• Pirinç Kabuğu
• Yüzey İşlemi

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL SURFACE MODIFICATION PROCESSES ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RICE HUSK-EPOXY COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Öz

Rice husks, a common agricultural waste product, contain fibrous structures that can be utilized as reinforcement or filler materials in polymer matrix composites. The availability and favorable mechanical properties of rice husks make them an attractive choice. However, when the untreated husk is mixed with thermoset polymers, the resulting interface between rice husk and polymer remains weak. To improve interface properties, physical and chemical pretreatments are applied. In this study, chemical surface treatments were performed on rice husks to enhance adhesion at the interfaces of rice husk-epoxy biocomposite materials. Various concentrations of acid and base chemicals were used for the pretreatments. Subsequently, mixtures with different rice husk content were molded into tensile test specimens. Mechanical tests revealed that as the rice husk content increased, the tensile strength decreased. Among the surface treatments, alkali treatments outperformed acidic treatments, with 3% sodium hydroxide-treated samples exhibiting the highest mechanical properties. Microscopic analysis indicated that the interfacial voids decreased after surface treatments, with the lowest void content observed in samples treated with sodium hydroxide.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biocomposites
• Composite Materials
• Mechanical Testing
• Rice Husk
• Surface Treatment

Kaynakça

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