Çin’de Gelişen Bir Stratejik Sektör Olarak Yenilenebilir Enerji

Öz

Sanayi Devrimi’nden itibaren enerji kaynağı olarak yoğun bir şekilde fosil yakıtların kullanılmasıyla gerçekleştirilen üretim, çevre bozulması ve iklim değişmesi gibi sorunların ortaya çıkmasında önemli rol oynamıştır. Bunun yanında fosil yakıtların tükenme tehlikesi altında olması endüstriyel üretimin devamlılığı açısından ayrı bir sorun olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Dolayısıyla sürdürülebilir kalkınma tartışmalarında açlık, yoksulluk, eşitsizlikler gibi başka pek çok sorunla mücadeleyle birlikte temiz enerji kullanımının geliştirilmesi de yer almıştır ve ülkelerin yenilenebilir enerji sektörlerini geliştirme çabaları başlamıştır. 1970’lerin sonundan itibaren gerçekleştirdiği reformlarla ekonomik başarı elde ederek küresel ve bölgesel düzeyde gücünü arttırmış olan Çin’in yenilenebilir enerji sektöründe de oldukça iyi performans gösterdiği görülmektedir. Çevre sorunlarının getirdiği olumsuz sonuçların yanında, dünyanın en büyük enerji ithalatçılarından biri olan Çin enerji güvenliği meselesi yüzünden çevre ve enerji ile ilgili sektörlerin gelişimine önem vermektedir. Ayrıca bu sektörler Çin’in gelişen stratejik sektörleri arasında yer almaktadır. Özellikle 2008 yılında gerçekleşen küresel finans krizinden itibaren Çin stratejik olarak belirlediği sektörlerde yasal düzenlemelerin yanında önemli ölçüde devlet kontrolünde ve devlet müdahalesinde bulunmaktadır. Gelişen stratejik sektör olarak görülen yenilenebilir enerji sektöründe de benzer bir yaklaşım olup olmadığını sorgulayan bu inceleme sonucunda, bu sektöre de Çin devletinin çeşitli yöntemlerle müdahale ettiği görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çin devleti
• Stratejik Sektörler
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Yenilenebilir Enerji

Renewable Energy as an Emerging Strategic Sector in China

Öz

Since the Industrial Revolution, production with the use of fossil fuels as energy sources has played an important role in the emergence of problems such as environmental degradation and climate change. In addition, the fact that fossil fuels are under the threat of depletion has emerged as another problem in terms of the sustainability of industrial production. Therefore, sustainable development discussions have included the development of clean energy use along with the fight against many other problems such as hunger, poverty and inequalities, and countries have started to develop renewable energy sectors. It is seen that China, which has increased its power at global and regional level by achieving economic success with the reforms since the end of the 1970s, has also performed quite well in the renewable energy sector. In addition to the negative consequences of environmental problems, China, one of the world's largest energy importers, attaches importance to the development of environment and energy-related sectors due to the issue of energy security. In addition, these sectors are among the emerging strategic sectors of China. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, Chinese sectors identified as strategic sectors has been under significant state control and state intervention in addition to legal regulations. This review questioning whether there is a similar approach in the renewable energy sector, considered as an emerging strategic sector, reveals that the Chinese state intervenes also in this sector through various methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chinese State
• Strategic Sectors
• Sustainable Development
• Renewable Energy

Kaynakça

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