Assessment of Conceptual Consensus in Occupational Health and Safety in Türkiye

Öz

Conceptual consistency in occupational health and safety legislation is not only important in terms of its clarity but also in terms of its effectiveness in preventive systems, uniformity in application, and legal predictability. The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the conceptual framework of Law No. 6331 on Occupational Health and Safety, which is the basic legal framework in the field of occupational health and safety in Türkiye, in line with international standards and main reference documents. In this sense, a comparative law approach and an interdisciplinary synthesis method are combined in the research process. The results of the analysis indicate that while there is a conceptual consistency in occupational health and safety legislation in Türkiye in line with international standards in terms of its preventive approach, there are some concepts to be revised in line with the new risk management approach, the difference between hazard and risk, and the hierarchy of prevention. It has been concluded that the concepts of "prevention of occupational risks," "risk avoidance," "fighting risks at their source," and "replacement of the hazardous with the less hazardous" need to be revised in terms of their conceptual framework in line with the terminological sensitivities of the new standards. The originality of this study lies in the fact that the areas to be revised in the conceptual framework are brought to the forefront by not only analyzing the occupational health and safety legislation in Türkiye at the legislative text level but also in terms of its risk ontology and prevention approach. As a result, the enhancement of conceptual consistency in occupational health and safety not only strengthens the effectiveness of occupational health and safety practices but also provides a holistic approach to safety management by eliminating possible ambiguities in the application of occupational health and safety legislation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Occupational Health and Safety
• Law No. 6331
• Conceptual Alignment
• International Standards
• Risk Management

Türkiye’de İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Alanında Kavramsal Uyumun Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

İş sağlığı ve güvenliği mevzuatında kavramsal tutarlılık, yalnızca açıklık açısından değil, aynı zamanda önleyici sistemlerdeki etkinliği, uygulama birliği ve hukuki öngörülebilirlik açısından da önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de iş sağlığı ve güvenliği alanındaki temel yasal çerçeve olan 6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu'nun kavramsal çerçevesini, uluslararası standartlar ve temel referans belgeleri doğrultusunda eleştirel bir şekilde değerlendirmektir. Bu bağlamda, araştırma sürecinde karşılaştırmalı hukuk yaklaşımı ve disiplinlerarası sentez yöntemi birleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, Türkiye'deki iş sağlığı ve güvenliği mevzuatında önleyici yaklaşım açısından uluslararası standartlara uygun kavramsal bir tutarlılık bulunmakla birlikte, yeni risk yönetimi yaklaşımı, tehlike ve risk arasındaki fark ve önleme hiyerarşisi doğrultusunda bazı kavramların revize edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. "İş sağlığı ve güvenliği risklerinin önlenmesi," "riskten kaçınma," "risklerin kaynağında mücadele" ve "tehlikeli olanın daha az tehlikeli olanla değiştirilmesi" kavramlarının, yeni standartların terminolojik hassasiyetlerine uygun olarak kavramsal çerçeveleri açısından yeniden gözden geçirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın özgünlüğü, kavramsal çerçevede gözden geçirilmesi gereken alanların, Türkiye'deki iş sağlığı ve güvenliği mevzuatının sadece yasal metin düzeyinde değil, aynı zamanda risk ontolojisi ve önleme yaklaşımı açısından da analiz edilmesiyle ön plana çıkarılmasında yatmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinde kavramsal tutarlılığın artırılması, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulamalarının etkinliğini güçlendirmekle kalmayıp, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği mevzuatının uygulanmasında olası belirsizlikleri ortadan kaldırarak bütüncül bir güvenlik yönetimi yaklaşımı da sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği
• 6331 Sayılı Kanun
• Kavramsal Uyum
• Uluslararası Standartlar
• Risk Yönetimi

Kaynakça

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