Araştırma Makalesi

IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY

Cilt: 11 Sayı: Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE 27 Ağustos 2026
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IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY

Öz

This study focuses on the conservation strategy and identity research of five Early Byzantine (5th–6th century AD) T-type iron anchors recovered from the site designated as "Wreck 10", discovered outside the northern breakwater of the ancient port of Tieion in 2013. In the conservation of underwater finds within provincial museums, the absence of full-scale desalination infrastructure introduces an acute risk of active corrosion upon atmospheric exposure. Confronted with these technical limitations at the Karadeniz Ereğli Museum, an in-situ passive protection strategy was optimized during the summer of 2019 under the principles of conservation. In the emergency intervention executed with the participation of specialists from the Ankara Regional Laboratory for Restoration and Conservation, artifact surfaces were dehydrated with pure alcohol, a 5% tannic acid corrosion inhibitor was applied, and a 10% Paraloid B-72 barrier layer was established to halt the active corrosion cycle. The long-term condition of the artifacts is sustained through periodic monitoring in coordination with museum archaeologists. Due to the logistical risks of transporting large-scale artifacts under sub-optimal conditions, a non-destructive analytical route was adopted for their archaeological and metallurgical identification. Micro-XRF (µXRF) analyses conducted at Ankara University Earth Sciences Application and Research Center (YEBİM), followed by SPSS hierarchical clustering analysis, verified that four of the anchors are highly identical in trace element composition and originate from the same workshop/source, while the fifth anchor exhibits a distinct metallurgical profile. The forensic authenticity verification capability of the methodology was successfully validated against a modern manufactured anchor control sample. This study presents a replicable model demonstrating how emergency intervention conservation can be seamlessly integrated with non-destructive micro-analytical frameworks in salvage archaeology under technical constraints.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey (General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums), Karadeniz Ereğli Museum Directorate, Ankara Regional Laboratory for Restoration and Conservation, Ankara University Earth Sciences Application and Research Center (YEBİM).

Teşekkür

The authors wish to express their deepest gratitude to the Directorate of the Karadeniz Ereğli Museum for their continuous institutional support. Special thanks are extended to the Ankara Regional Laboratory for Restoration and Conservation, and explicitly to expert conservator-restorer Onur Çelebi for his collaborative professional dedication during the in-situ stabilization phase. Furthermore, we are deeply indebted to Prof. Dr. Ali Akın Akyol for his exceptional academic guidance and strategic supervision. Finally, we sincerely thank the Ankara University Earth Sciences Application and Research Center (YEBİM) for providing the high-precision analytical infrastructure essential for the micro-XRF investigations.

Kaynakça

  1. Yağcıoğlu, K. D., – Kadıoğlu, Y. K. (2025). Geochemical discriminants for the provenance characterization of ceramics. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 34(SI-1), 275-298.
  2. Yıldırım, Ş. (2021). Tieion'un (Filyos) Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi Limanı Hakkında İlk Gözlemler. In E. Sökmen & A. Schachner (Eds.), Understanding transformations: Exploring the Black Sea region and Northern Central Anatolia in antiquity (BYZAS 26) (pp. 459-493). Ege Yayınları.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Deniz Arkeolojisi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

27 Ağustos 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

18 Haziran 2026

Kabul Tarihi

18 Temmuz 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 11 Sayı: Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE

Kaynak Göster

APA
Genç, U., & Kadıoğlu, Y. K. (2026). IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY. Amisos, 11(Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.48122/amisos.1974221
AMA
1.Genç U, Kadıoğlu YK. IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY. Amisos. 2026;11(Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE):58-73. doi:10.48122/amisos.1974221
Chicago
Genç, Uğur, ve Yusuf Kağan Kadıoğlu. 2026. “IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF ‘WRECK 10’ FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY”. Amisos 11 (Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE): 58-73. https://doi.org/10.48122/amisos.1974221.
EndNote
Genç U, Kadıoğlu YK (01 Ağustos 2026) IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY. Amisos 11 Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE 58–73.
IEEE
[1]U. Genç ve Y. K. Kadıoğlu, “IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF ‘WRECK 10’ FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY”, Amisos, c. 11, sy Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE, ss. 58–73, Ağu. 2026, doi: 10.48122/amisos.1974221.
ISNAD
Genç, Uğur - Kadıoğlu, Yusuf Kağan. “IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF ‘WRECK 10’ FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY”. Amisos 11/Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE (01 Ağustos 2026): 58-73. https://doi.org/10.48122/amisos.1974221.
JAMA
1.Genç U, Kadıoğlu YK. IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY. Amisos. 2026;11:58–73.
MLA
Genç, Uğur, ve Yusuf Kağan Kadıoğlu. “IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF ‘WRECK 10’ FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY”. Amisos, c. 11, sy Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE, Ağustos 2026, ss. 58-73, doi:10.48122/amisos.1974221.
Vancouver
1.Uğur Genç, Yusuf Kağan Kadıoğlu. IDENTITY AND AUTHENTICITY STUDIES ON THE ANCHORS OF "WRECK 10" FROM THE ANCIENT PORT OF TIEION: MICRO-XRF CLUSTERING ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY. Amisos. 01 Ağustos 2026;11(Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE Anısına Akademik Yazılar / Studies in Memory of Prof. Dr. Gocha R. TSETSKHLADZE):58-73. doi:10.48122/amisos.1974221

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