POLİKİSTİK OVER SENDROMU İLE TİROİT SAĞLIĞI İLİŞKİSİ: GELENEKSEL DERLEME

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 36 - 48, 30.09.2024

Hacer Merve Fidan , Hilal Hızlı Güldemir , Indrani Kalkan

Öz

Polikistik over sendromu (PKOS) üreme çağındaki kadınlarda yaygın olarak görülen bir endokrin sistem bozukluğudur. Polikistik over sendromunun yaygın semptomları arasında düzensiz menstrüasyon, hirşutizm, akne, alopesi, insülin direnci, fazla kilo ve ruh hali dalgalanlamaları bulunur. Polikistik over sendromu olan bireylerde glikoz metabolizmasında bozulmalar olabileceği, kan lipit profili ve tiroit parametrelerinin olumsuz seyredebileceği belirtilmektedir. Polikistik over sendromunda haşimato tiroiditine sık rastlanmasından oligo/ anovulasyona bağlı östrojen ve progesteron seviyelerindeki dengesizliğin sorumlu olabileceği varsayılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte tiroit ve PKOS’u birbirine bağlayan patofizyolojik yol tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Hipotiroidizm ve haşimato tiroiditi PKOS’ta en sık karşılaşılan tiroit bozukluklarındandır. Hipotiroidizm ve PKOS arasında obezite, insülin direnci, bozulmuş glikoz toleransı, dislipidemi ve insülin direnci gibi ortak semptomlar bulunur. Hipotiroidizmin cinsiyet hormonu bağlayıcı globülin (SHBG) seviyesini düşürerek PKOS’u kötüleştirdiği bilinmektedir. Polikistik over sendromunda subklinik hipotiroidizmin insülin direncini ve dislipidemiyi şiddetlendirdiği, normoglisemik bireylerde zaman içerisinde insülin direnci ve/ veya tip 2 diyabet gelişiminde etkili olabileceği ifade edilmektedir. Bu geleneksel derlemede PKOS ve tiroit sağlığı ilişkisinde etkili olan mekanizmalar ve bunlara bağlı gelişebilecek sorunlar araştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hashimoto tiroiditi, hipotiroidizm, polikistik over sendromu, tiroit

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME AND THYROID HEALTH: A NARRATIVE REVIEW PCOS AND THYROID HEALTH

Öz

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine system disorder common in women of reproductive age. Common symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome include irregular menstruation, hirsutism, acne, alopecia, insulin resistance, excess weight, and mood swings. It is stated that in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome, there may be disruptions in glucose metabolism, and blood lipid profile and thyroid parameters may be negative. It is assumed that the imbalance in estrogen and progesterone levels due to oligo/anovulation may be responsible for the frequent occurrence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the pathophysiological pathway connecting thyroid and PCOS is not fully known. Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis are the most common thyroid disorders in PCOS. Common symptoms between hypothyroidism and PCOS include obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Hypothyroidism is known to worsen PCOS by decreasing the level of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). It is stated that subclinical hypothyroidism in polycystic ovary syndrome exacerbates insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, and may be effective in the development of insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes over time in normoglycemic individuals. In this traditional review, the mechanisms effective in the relationship between PCOS and thyroid health and the problems that may arise due to them were investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hashimoto disease, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid gland

Kaynakça

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