Gebelikte D vitamini eksikliği ile huzursuz bacak sendromu arasındaki ilişki

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 251 - 256, 31.12.2024

Ceylan Güzel İnal , Gülçin Nacar , Sermin Timur

https://doi.org/10.61534/anatoljhr.1554154

Öz

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, gebelikte D vitamini eksikliği ile huzursuz bacak sendromu arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte olan araştırma 367 gebe ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Türkiye’nin doğusunda bulunan bir kamu hastanesinin kadın doğum polikliniklerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, Katılımcı Tanıtım Formu, Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu Tanı Kriterleri ve Kadın Sağlığı İnisiyatifi Uykusuzluk Ölçeği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, ki kare testi, bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve binary lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmada gebelerin %25.3’ünde huzursuz bacak sendromu olduğu saptanmıştır. Gebelik haftası artıkça 0.926 kat (OR = 0.926, p = .001) ve uykusuzluk artıkça 0.717 kat (OR = 0.717, p = .001) huzursuz bacak sendromu riskinin artığı saptanmıştır. D vitamini eksikliği ile huzursuz bacak sendromu arasında ise anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p > .05).
Sonuçlar: Araştırmada gebelik haftası ve uykusuzluk arttıkça huzursuz bacak sendromu riskinin arttığı bulunmuştur. Huzursuz bacak sendromlu gebelerin gebeliğin ilerleyen haftalarında daha fazla desteklenmesi, uykusuzluk yönünden değerlendirilmesi ve uyku kalitelerinin artırılmaya çalışılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

D vitamini eksikliği, gebelik, huzursuz bacak sendromu, uykusuzluk

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and restless legs syndrome

Öz

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and restless legs syndrome.
Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 367 pregnant women. The research was carried out in the pregnant outpatient clinic of a Hospital in eastern Turkey. Research data were obtained using the Participant Identification Form, Restless Legs Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria, and Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale. Descriptive statistics, chi-square testand, t test in independent groups and binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the research data.
Results: In the study, it was determined that 25.3% of the pregnant women had restless legs syndrome. It was determined that the risk of restless legs syndrome increased 0.926 times (OR = 0.926, p = .001) as the gestational week increased and 0.717 times (OR = 0.717, p = .001) as the insomnia increased. There was no significant relationship between vitamin D deficiency and restless legs syndrome (p > .05).
Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that the risk of restless legs syndrome increased as the gestational week and insomnia increased. It is recommended that pregnant women with restless legs syndrome should be supported more in the later weeks of pregnancy, evaluated in terms of insomnia and tried to improve their sleep quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

insomnia, pregnancy, restless legs syndrome, vitamin D deficiency

Kaynakça

• Abdi, A., Hussein, S. O., Dalvand, S., Ghanei Gheshlagh, R., & Hasanpour Dehkordi, A. (2021). Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Przeglad Epidemiologiczny, 75(3), 402-412. https://doi.org/10.32394/pe.75.37
• Almeneessie, A. S., Alyousefi, N., Alzahrani, M., Alsafi, A., Alotaibi, R., Olaish, A. H., Sabr, Y., & Bahammam, A. S. (2020). Prevalence of restless legs syndrome among pregnant women: A case-control study. Annals of Thoracic Medicine, 15(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.4103/atm.ATM_206_19
• Chen, S. J., Shi, L., Bao, Y. P., Sun, Y. K., Lin, X., Que, J. Y., Vitiello, M. V., Zhou Y. X., Wang, Y. Q., & Lu, L.(2018). Prevalence of restless legs syndrome during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 40, 43-54.
• Cikrikcioglu, M.A., Sekin, Y., Halac, G., Kilic, E., Kesgin, S., Aydin, S., & Kiskac, M. (2016). Reduced bone resorption and increased bone mineral density in women with restless legs syndrome. Neurology, 86(13), 1235-1241. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000002521
• Çakmak, B., Metin, Z. F., Karataş, A., & Özsoy, Z., & Demirtürk, F. (2014). Restless leg syndrome in pregnancy. Perinatal Journal, 22(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.2399/prn.14.0221001
• Dikmen, H. A. (2021). Gebelerde huzursuz bacak sendromunun uyku kalitesi ve kaygı düzeyi üzerine etkisi. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 132-138. https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.834072
• Dunietz, G. L., Lisabeth, L. D., Shedden, K., Shamim-Uzzaman, Q. A., Bullough, A. S., Chames, M. C., Bowden, M. F., & O’Brien L. M. (2017). Restless legs syndrome and sleep-wake disturbances in pregnancy. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 13(7), 863-870. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6654
• Esposito, G., Odelli, V., Romiti, L., Chiaffarino, F., Di Martino, M., Ricci, E., Mauri, P.A., Bulfoni, A., & Parazzini, F. (2019). Prevalence and risk factors for restless legs syndrome during pregnancy in a Northern Italian population. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 39(4), 480-484. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2018.1525341
• Jiménez-Jiménez, F. J., Amo, G., Alonso-Navarro, H., Calleja, M., Díez-Fairén, M., Álvarez-Fernández, I., Pastor, P., Plaza-Nieto, J. F., Navarro-Muñoz, S., Turpín-Fenoll, L., Millán-Pascual, J., Recio-Bermejo, M., García-Ruiz, R., García-Albea E., Agúndez, J. A. G., & García-Martín, E. (2021). Serum vitamin D, vitamin D receptor and binding protein genes polymorphisms in restless legs syndrome. Journal of Neurology, 268(4), 1461-1472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10312-9
• Kaplan, Ö., & Başer, M. (2022). Gebelikte huzursuz bacak sendromuna ilişkin Türkiye’de yapılan araştırmaların incelenmesi: Bir içerik analiz çalışması. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi, 31(1), 14-24. https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.884979
• Khan, M., Mobeireek, N., Jahdali, Y. A, Dubyan, N. A., Ahmed, A., Gamedi, M. A., Harbi, A. A., & Jahdali, H.A. (2018). The prevalence of restless leg syndrome among pregnant Saudi women. Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 8(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.4103/ajm.AJM_123_17
• Kiely, M. E., Wagner, C. L, & Roth, D. E. (2020). Vitamin D in pregnancy: Where we are and where we should go. Journal of Steroıd Bıochemıstry and Molecular Bıolog, 201, 105669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105669
• Levine, D. W., Kaplan, R. M., Kripke, D. F., Bowen, D. J., Naughton, M. J., & Shumaker, S. A. (2003a). Factor structure and measurement invariance of the women’s health initiatives insomnia rating scale. Psychological Assessment, 15(2), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.15.2.123
• Levine, D. W., Dailey, M. E., Rockhill, B., Tipping, D., Naughton, M. J., & Shumaker, S. A. (2005). Validity of the women’s health initiatives insomnia rating scale in a multicenter controlled clinical trial. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67(1), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000151743.58067.f0
• Levine, D. W., Kripke, D. F., Kaplan, R. M., Lewis, M. A., Naughton, M. J., Bowen, D. J., & Shumaker, S. A. (2003b). Reliability and validity of the women’s health initiatives insomnia rating scale. Psychological assessment, 15(2), 137-148. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.15.2.137
• Liu, G., Li, L., Zhang, J., Xue, R., Zhao, X., Zhu, K., Wang, Y., Xiao, L., & Shangguan, J. (2016). Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy or delivery complications in China: A representative survey. Sleep Medicine, 7, 158-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.541
• Liu, H. M., Chu, M., Liu, C. F., Zhang, T., & Gu, P. (2021). Analysis of serum vitamin D level and related factors in patients with restless legs syndrome. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 782565. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.782565
• Ma, S., Shang, X., Guo, Y., Liu, G., Yang, J., & Xue, R. (2015). Restless legs syndrome and hypertension in Chinese pregnant women. Neurological Sciences, 36(6), 877-881. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-015-2094-4
• Mansourian, M., Rafie, N., Khorvash, F, Hadi, A., & Arab, A. (2020). Are serum vitamin D, calcium and phosphorous associated with restless leg syndrome? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine, 75, 326-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.08.022
• Minár, M., Košutzká, Z., Habánová, H., Rusňák, I., Planck, K., & Valkovič, P. (2015). Restless legs syndrome in pregnancy is connected with iron deficiency. Sleep Medicine, 16(5), 589-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2014.11.023
• Miyazaki, A., Takahashi, M., Shuo, T., Eto, H., & Kondo, H. (2023) Determination of optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D cutoff values for the evaluation of restless legs syndrome among pregnant women. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 19(1), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.10270
• Mubeen, S. M., & Ahsan, M. D. (2022). Prevalence and associated factors of restless leg syndrome (RLS) in Pakistani women during pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 42(6), 1829-1834. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2022.2040963
• Neyal, A., Senel, G. B., Aslan, R., Nalbantoglu, M., Acikgoz, S., Yilmaz, N., Tumay, F. B., Neyal, M., & Karadeniz, D. (2015). A prospective study of Willis-Ekbom disease/restless legs syndrome during and after pregnancy. Sleep Medicine, 16(9), 1036-1040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.026
• Oran, M., Unsal, C., Albayrak, Y., Tulubas, F., Oguz, K., Avci, O., Turgut, N., Alp, R., & Gurel, A. (2014) Possible association between vitamin D deficiency and restless legs syndrome. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 21(10), 953-958. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S63599
• Ozer, İ., Guzel, I., Orhan, G., Erkılınç, S., Öztekin, N., Ak, F., & Taşçı, Y. (2017). A prospective case control questionnaire study for restless leg syndrome on 600 pregnant women. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 30(24), 2895-2899. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2016.1170801
• Panvatvanich, S., & Lolekha, P. (2019). Restless legs syndrome in pregnant thai women: Prevalence, predictive factors, and natural course. Journal of Clinical Neurology, 15(1), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2019.15.1.97
• Sağlam, G., Pektaş, G., Karakullukçu, S., Pektaş, B. A., & Aykut, D. S. (2020). The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and restless legs syndrome in pregnancy. Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine, 7(2), 44-48. https://doi.org/10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2020.14633
• Sevim, S., Dogu, O., Camdeviren, H., Bugdayci, R., Sasmaz, T., Kaleagasi, H., Aral, M., & Helvaci, I. (2003). Unexpectedly low prevalence and unusual characteristics of RLS in Mersin, Turkey. Neurolog, 61(11), 1562–1569. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000096173.91554.b7
• Shahzad, M. F., Aslam, R., & Fiaz, R. (2018). Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in pregnant females. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 12(1), 177–179.
• Timur, S., & Şahin, N. H. (2009). Effects of sleep disturbance on the quality of life of Turkish menopausal women: A population-based study. Maturitas, 64(3), 177-181.
• Tuna O. N., Yuksel, E., & Ruzgar, S. (2021). Prevalence of restless leg syndrome and effects on quality of life during pregnancy. Sleep and Breathing, 25(4), 2127-2134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02311-5
• Vahdat, M., Sariri, E., Miri, S., Rohani, M., Kashanian, M., Sabet, A., & Zamani, B. (2013). Prevalence and associated features of restless legs syndrome in a population of Iranian women during pregnancy. International Journal of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, 123(1), 46-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.04.023
• Wali, S., Alsafadi, S., Abaalkhail, B., Ramadan, I., Abulhamail, B., Kousa, M., Alshamrani, R., Faruqui, A., Alama, M., & Hamed, M. (2018). The association between vitamin D level and restless legs syndrome: A population-basedcase-control study. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 14(4), 557-564. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.7044
• Walters, A. S. (1995). Toward a better definition of the restless legs syndrome. The international restless legs syndrome study group. Movement Disorders, 10(5), 634-642. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870100517
• Yüksel, B., Seven, A., Yıldız, Y., Kucur, S. K., Gözükara, İ., Polat, M., Şencan, H., & Keskin, N. (2015). Gebelikte huzursuz bacak sendromu. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 12(4), 144-146.