LEISHMANIA: ARTAN HASTA SAYISINA DİKKAT! SALGIN OLABİLİR Mİ?

Öz

Leishmania spp., dişi tatarcıklar (Phlebotomus) ile insanlara bulaşan zorunlu hücre içi parazitleridir. Kutanöz layşmanyazis (KL) ve visseral layşmanyazis (VL) olmak üzere iki ana klinik formu bulunmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından ihmal edilen tropikal hastalıklardan biri olan layşmanyazisin her iki formu da ülkemizde endemiktir. Ancak ülkemizdeki son vaka sayıları bilinmemektedir. Vakaların sporadik olarak görüldüğü bir bölgede bulunan kliniğimizde Ocak-Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında üç visseral layşmanyazis, iki kutanöz layşmanyazis tanısı konmuştur. Bildirimi yapılan vaka sayıları ile karşılaştırıldığında artan vaka sayıları dikkat çekmiştir. Vakaların bir kısmı dış merkezde tetkik edilmiş olup layşmanyazis açısından tetkik edilmedikleri görülmüştür. Bu yazıda amaç; ülkemizin layşmanyazis açısından endemik bir bölge olduğunu vurgulamak ve nedeni bilinmeyen ateş olgularında ve uzun süreli lezyonlarda layşmanyazis ayırıcı tanısının da düşünülmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• HIV
• Leishmania
• kutanöz layşmanyazis
• visseral layşmanyazis

Leishmania: Attention to the Increasing Number of Patients! Can It Be an Epidemic?

Öz

Leishmania spp. are obligate intracellular parasites transmitted to humans by female sand flies (Phlebotomus). There are two main clinical forms: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Both forms of leishmaniasis, one of the tropical diseases neglected by the World Health Organization (WHO), are endemic in our country. However, the latest case numbers in our country are not known. In our clinic located in a non-endemic region, three visceral leishmaniasis and two cutaneous leishmaniasis were diagnosed between January and March 2021. When compared to the number of reported cases, the increasing number of cases drew attention. Some of the cases were examined in an external center and it was seen that they were not examined in terms of leishmaniasis. The purpose of this article; emphasizes that our country is an endemic region in terms of leishmaniasis and the differential diagnosis of leishmaniasis should be considered in cases of unknown fever and long-term lesions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cutaneous leishmaniasis
• HIV
• Leishmania
• visceral leishmaniasis

Kaynakça

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