Evaluation of bone mineral density of individuals living with HIV followed at Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital

Öz

With the effective use of antiretroviral therapies (ART), the life expectancy of individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is increasing. The negative effects of both advancing age, HIV, and ART on bone health are becoming a current issue. HIV-infected men aged ≥18 years, men aged ≥50 years, postmenopausal women, and women aged <40 years who have entered menopause who were followed up in our clinic between January 1, 2013 and May 1, 2024 were included in this study. Their bone mineral density (BMD) results, ARTs they were using, and duration were screened. The conformity of the data to normal distribution of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for inter- and intra-group comparisons. Of the 263 HIV-infected individuals who met the criteria, 220 had at least one BMD measurement. BMD was evaluated as normal in 116 (52%), osteopenic in 84 (38%), and osteoporotic in 20 (9%) individuals. While the average duration of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) use in those with normal BMD was 10 months, the average duration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) use was 39 months. The average duration of TAF and TDF use in those with osteopenia/osteoporosis was found to be 8 and 32 months, respectively. We found that 48% of individuals living with HIV who had at least one BMD measurement had osteopenia or osteoporosis. This situation highlights the importance of following the recommendations of the guidelines in BMD screening.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Human immunodeficiency virus
• HIV
• Bone mineral density
• Osteopenia
• Osteoporosis

MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ PENDİK EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ’NDE TAKİP EDİLEN HIV İLE YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN KEMİK MİNERAL YOĞUNLUKLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Antiretroviral tedavilerin (ART) etkin şekilde kullanılmasıyla Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) ile yaşayan bireylerin yaşam süreleri uzamaktadır. Hem ilerleyen yaş hem HIV hem de ART’lerin kemik sağlığı üzerine olumsuz etkileri gündeme gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada 1 Ocak 2013 ile 1 Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde takipli HIV ile enfekte, ≥18 yaş, ≥ 50 yaş erkek, postmenapozal kadın ve <40 yaş menapoza girmiş kadınlar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY) sonuçları, kullandıkları ART’ler ve süreleri tarandı. Verilerin normal dağılımı Shapiro-Wilk testi ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar arası ve grup içi karşılaştırmalarda Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Ki-kare ve Wilcoxon “signed-rank” testleri kullanıldı. Kriterlere uyan toplam 263 HIV ile enfekte bireyin 220’sinin en az bir KMY ölçümü mevcuttu. KMY 116 (%52) kişide normal, 84 (%38) kişide osteopenik ve 20 (%9) kişide osteoporotik olarak değerlendirildi. KMY normal tespit edilenlerin tenofovir alafenamid (TAF) kullanım süresi ortalama 10 ay iken, tenofovir disoproksil fumarat (TDF) kullanım süreleri ortalama 39 ay idi. Osteopeni/osteoporoz tespit edilenlerin TAF ve TDF kullanım süreleri sırasıyla ortalama 8 ve 32 ay olarak bulundu. En az bir kez KMY ölçümü yapılmış HIV ile yaşayan bireylerin %48’inde osteopeni ya da osteoporoz tespit edildiğini saptadık. Bu durum KMY taramasında rehberlerin önerilerine uyulmasındaki önemi göz önüne çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnsan immun yetmezlik virüsü
• HIV
• Kemik mineral yoğunluğu
• Osteopeni
• Osteoporoz

Kaynakça

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