BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 33 - 38, 01.04.2014

Öz

Glokomun başlangıç tedavisi göz içi basıncını düşürmek üzere bir veya daha fazla glokom ilacının topikal kullanılmasına dayanmaktadır. Tedavide bir topikal ilacın yeterli olmadığı durumlarda, ikili veya üçlü ilaç tedavileri uygulanmaktadır. İkili veya üçlü tedaviler ayrı ayrı uygulanabildiği gibi sabit kombine ilaçlar şeklinde de kullanılabilmektedir. Sabit kombinasyon tedavilerinin, pozoloji, kullanım rahatlığı ve yan etkiler açısından birden çok ilacın bir arada kullanımına göre daha avantajlı olduğu gözükmektedir. Bu makalede glokomda ülkemizde halihazırda kullanılmakta olan sabit kombinasyon ilaçların temel özellikleri incelenmiş, etkinlik, tolerabilite gibi özellikleri araştırılmıştır

Kaynakça

  • Hollows FC, Graham PA. İntraocular pressure, glaucoma, and glaucoma suspects in a defined population. Br J Ophthalmol 1966; 50: 570-86.
  • Göz hastalıkları. Bengisu Ü, editor. Glokom. Ankara: Palme Yayınları; 1998: p.139-58.
  • European Glaucoma Society.: Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 3rd edition. 2008.
  • Leske MC, Heijl A, Hussein M, et al.: Factors of glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 121: 48-56.
  • Choudhri S, Wand M, Shields MB. A comparison of dorzolamid-timolol combination versus the concomitant drugs. Am J Ophthalmology 2000; 130: 832-3.
  • Higginbotham EJ, Feldman R, Stiles M, Dubiner H. Latanoprost and timolol combination therapy vs monotherapy: one- year randomized trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120: 915-22.
  • Lee PS, Gagliuso DJ, Serle JB. Medical therapy for glaucoma. Choplin NT, Lundy DC, editors. Atlas of Glaucoma. 2nd edition London: Informa Healthcare; 2007: p.228-30.
  • Lippo EA, Carlson LE, Ehinger B, Eriksson LO, Finnström K, Holmin C, et al.Dose response and duration of action of dorzolamide, a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Arch Ophthalmol 1992; 100: 495.
  • Strahlman E, Tipping R, Vogel R. A double-masked, randomized 1-year study comparing dorzolamide (Trusopt), Dorzolamide Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1995; 113: 985-6. betaxolol. International
  • Shields BM. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Williams and Wilkins Texbook of Glaucoma. 1st editon. Baltimore; 1998. p. 431-9.
  • Shields MB. Adrenergic stimulators. Williams and Wilkins Texbook of Glaucoma. 1st editon. Baltimore; Choplin NT, Lundy DC, editors. Atlas of Glaucoma. 2nd edition London: Informa Healthcare; 2007: p.228- 30.
  • Hejkal TW, Camras CB. Prostaglandine analogs in the treatment of glaucoma. Semin Ophthalmol 1999; 14: 114-23.
  • Woodward DF, Kraus AH, Chen J Chen J, Lai RK, Spada CS, Burk RM, et al. The pharmacology of bimatoprost (Lumigan). Surv Ophthalmol 2001; 45: 337-45.
  • Kass MA, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, et al.: The Ocuar Hypertension Treatment Study: a randomized trial determines that topical ocular hypotensive medication delays or prevents the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120: 701-13.
  • Lichter PR, Musch DC, Gilespie BW, et al.: Interm clinical outcomes in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma treatment Study comparing inital treatment randomized to medications or surgery. Ophthalmol 2001; 108: 1943-53.
  • Clineschmidt CM, Wiliams RD, Snyder E, et al.: A randomized trial in patients inadequately controlled with timolol alone comparing the dorzolamide-timolol combination dorzalamide. Dorzolamide –Timolol Combination Study Group. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 1952-9.
  • Boyle JE, Ghosh K, Greser DK, Adamsons IA. A randomized trial comparing the dorzolamide-timolol combination given twice daily to monotherapy with timolol and dorzolamide. Ophthalmol 1998; 105: 1945- 51.
  • Inoue K, Shiokawa M, Sugahara M, Wakakura M, Soeda S, Tomita G. Three-month evaluation of dorzolamide hydrochloride/timolol maleate fixed- combination eye drops versus the separate use of both drugs. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2012; 56 (6): 559-63.
  • Budengeri P, Cheng JW, Cai JP, Wei RL. Efficacy and tolerability of fixed combination of brimonidine 0.2%/timolol 0.5% compared with fixed combination of dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% in the treatment of patients with elevated intraocular pressure: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2013; 29 (5): 474-9.
  • Kovaić Z, Stanić R, Bojić L, Rogosić V, Ivanisević M, Jurasin KS, Capkun V. The efficacy of the fixed drug combination dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012; 13 (13): 1829-35.
  • Eren MH, Gungel H, Altan C, Pasaoglu IB, Sabanci S. Comparison latanoprost/timolol fixed combinations on diurnal intraocular pressure control in primary open-angle glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2011; 31 (6): 447-51. and
  • Yüksel N, Gök M, Altıntaş O, Cağlar Y. Diurnal intraocular pressure efficacy of the timolol-brimonidine fixed combination and the timolol-dorzolamide fixed combination as a first choice therapy in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2011; 12 (16): 2425-31.
  • Auger GA, Raynor M, Longstaff S. Patient perspectives when switching from Cosopt (®) (dorzolamide-timolol) to Azarga™ (brinzolamide-timolol) for glaucoma requiring multiple drug therapy. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 2059-62.
  • Nebbioso M, Evangelista M, Librando A, Di Blasio D, Pescosolido N. Fixed topical combinations in glaucomatous patients and ocular discomfort. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012; 13 (13): 1829-35.
  • Rossi GC, Pasinetti GM, Sandolo F, Bordin M, Bianchi PE.From dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination: a 6-month, multicenter, open-label tolerability switch study. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2011; 86 (5): 149-53.
  • Whitson JT, Realini T, Nguyen QH, McMenemy MG, Goode SM. Six-month results from a Phase III randomized trial of fixed-combination brinzolamide 1% +brimonidine 0.2% versus brinzolamide or brimonidine monotherapy in glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7: 1053-60.
  • Beckers HJ, Schouten JS, Webers CA. Role of fixed- combination brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2009; 3: 593-9.
  • Mundorf TK, Rauchman SH, Williams RD, Notivol R; Brinzolamide/Timolol Preference Study Group. A patient (brinzolamide/timolol fixed combination) vs Cosopt (dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2008; 2 (3): 623-8. of Azarga
  • Sánchez-Pulgarín M, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, García- Feijoó J, Sáenz-Francés F, Santos-Bueso E, Herrero- Vanrell R, García Sánchez J. Comparative study of the pressure lowering efficacy and variations in the ocular pulse amplitude between fixed combinations of dorzolamide/timolol and brinzolamide/timolol. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2011; 86 (5): 149-53.
  • Sanseau A, Sampaolesi J, Suzuki ER Jr, Lopes JF, Borel H. Preference for a fixed combination of brinzolamide/timolol among patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7: 357-62.
  • Sheerwood MB, Craven ER, Chou C, DuBiner HB, Batoosingh AL, Schiffman RM et al. Twice-daily 0.2 % brimonidine/ 0.5 % timolol fixed combination therapy vs monotherapy with timolol or brimonidine in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension: A 12-month randomized trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124: 1230-8.
  • Cho SW, Kim JM, Park KH, Choi CY. Effects of brimonidine 0.2%-timolol 0.5% fixed-combination therapy for glaucoma. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2010; 54 (5): 407-13.
  • Katz LJ, Rauchman SH, Cottingham AJ Jr, Simmons ST, Williams JM, Schiffman RM, Hollander DA. Fixed-combination latanoprost in glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a 12- week, randomized, comparison study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 May; 28 (5): 781-8. versus
  • Gulkilik G, Oba E, Odabası M. Comparison of fixed combinations brimonidine/timolol in patients with primary open- angle glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2011; 31 (6): 447-51.
  • García-Feijoó J, Sáenz-Francés F, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, Méndez-Hernández C, Fernández-Vidal A, Calvo- González C, García-Sánchez J. Comparison of ocular hypotensive brimonidine/timolol and dorzolamide/timolol. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26 (7): 1599-606.
  • Inoue K, Fujimoto T, Higa R, Moriyama R, Kohmoto H, Nagumo H, Wakakura M, Tomita G. Efficacy and safety of a switch to latanoprost 0.005% + timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination eyedrops from latanoprost 0.005% monotherapy. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 771-5.
  • Inoue K, Okayama R, Higa R, Wakakura M, Tomita G. Assessment of ocular hypotensive effect and safety 12 months after changing from an unfixed combination to a latanoprost 0.005% + timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 607-12.
  • Zhao JL, Ge J, Li XX, Li YM, Sheng YH, Sun NX, Sun XH, Yao K, Zhong Z; Xalacom Study Group in China. Comparative efficacy and safety of the fixed versus unfixed combination of latanoprost and timolol in Chinese patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. BMC Ophthalmol. 2011; 19 (11): 23.
  • Barnebey HS, Orengo-Nania S, Flowers BE, et al.: The safety and efficacy of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination ophthalmic solution. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 140: 1-7.
  • Schuman JS, Katz GJ, Lewis RA, et al.: Efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of travoprost 0.004% timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution once daily for open- angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 140: 242-50.
  • Pachimkul P, Yuttitham K, Thoophom P. 24-Hour intraocular pressure control between travoprost/timolol fixed combination and standard timolol in primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. J Med Assoc Thai 2011; 94 (2): 81-7. timolol fixed
  • Inoue K, Setogawa A, Higa R, Moriyama R, Wakakura M, Tomita G. Ocular hypotensive effect and safety of travoprost combination after change of treatment regimen from β- blockers and prostaglandin analogs. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 231-5. maleate 0.5% fixed
  • Kashiwagi K. Efficacy and safety of switching to travoprost/timolol fixed-combination therapy from latanoprost monotherapy. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2012; 56 (4): 339-45.
  • Homer A; Ganfort Invstigators Group I: A double- masked, randomizd, paralel comparison of a fixed combinationof bimatoprost 0.03%/timolol 0.5% with non-fixed combination use inpatients with glaucoma or ocular hypertesion. Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 53-62.
  • Katsanos A, Dastiridou AI, Fanariotis M, Kotoula M, Tsironi EE. Bimatoprost and bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2011; 27 (1): 67-71.
  • Rigollet JP, Ondategui JA, Pasto A, Lop L. Randomized trial comparing three fixed combinations of prostaglandins/prostamide with timolol maleate. Clin Ophthalmol 2011; 5: 187-91. 47. Macky TA. Bimatoprost/Timolol Versus Travoprost/Timolol Fixed Combinations in an Egyptian Population: A Hospital-based Prospective Randomized
  • Study. J Glaucoma. 2013 Feb 19. (Epub ahead of print)
  • Aptel F, Cucherat M, Denis P. Efficacy and tolerability of prostaglandin-timolol fixed combinations: a meta- analysis of randomized clinical trials. Eur J Ophthalmol 2012; 22 (1): 5-18.

Fixed Combination Therapy in Glaucoma

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 33 - 38, 01.04.2014

Öz

Initial treatment of glaucoma is based on the topical use of one or more of the glaucoma drugs to reduce intraocular pressure. Double or triple drug treatments are applied where a topical medicament for treatment does not suffice. Double or triple treatments can also be used separately as well as a fixed combination of them. Fixed combination therapies are more advantageous than the combination use of multiple drugs with respect to posology, ease of use and side effects. The basic features, efficacy, tolerability, etc. of fixed combination glaucoma drugs which have been currently used in our country were investigated in this article

Kaynakça

  • Hollows FC, Graham PA. İntraocular pressure, glaucoma, and glaucoma suspects in a defined population. Br J Ophthalmol 1966; 50: 570-86.
  • Göz hastalıkları. Bengisu Ü, editor. Glokom. Ankara: Palme Yayınları; 1998: p.139-58.
  • European Glaucoma Society.: Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma, 3rd edition. 2008.
  • Leske MC, Heijl A, Hussein M, et al.: Factors of glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 121: 48-56.
  • Choudhri S, Wand M, Shields MB. A comparison of dorzolamid-timolol combination versus the concomitant drugs. Am J Ophthalmology 2000; 130: 832-3.
  • Higginbotham EJ, Feldman R, Stiles M, Dubiner H. Latanoprost and timolol combination therapy vs monotherapy: one- year randomized trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120: 915-22.
  • Lee PS, Gagliuso DJ, Serle JB. Medical therapy for glaucoma. Choplin NT, Lundy DC, editors. Atlas of Glaucoma. 2nd edition London: Informa Healthcare; 2007: p.228-30.
  • Lippo EA, Carlson LE, Ehinger B, Eriksson LO, Finnström K, Holmin C, et al.Dose response and duration of action of dorzolamide, a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Arch Ophthalmol 1992; 100: 495.
  • Strahlman E, Tipping R, Vogel R. A double-masked, randomized 1-year study comparing dorzolamide (Trusopt), Dorzolamide Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1995; 113: 985-6. betaxolol. International
  • Shields BM. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Williams and Wilkins Texbook of Glaucoma. 1st editon. Baltimore; 1998. p. 431-9.
  • Shields MB. Adrenergic stimulators. Williams and Wilkins Texbook of Glaucoma. 1st editon. Baltimore; Choplin NT, Lundy DC, editors. Atlas of Glaucoma. 2nd edition London: Informa Healthcare; 2007: p.228- 30.
  • Hejkal TW, Camras CB. Prostaglandine analogs in the treatment of glaucoma. Semin Ophthalmol 1999; 14: 114-23.
  • Woodward DF, Kraus AH, Chen J Chen J, Lai RK, Spada CS, Burk RM, et al. The pharmacology of bimatoprost (Lumigan). Surv Ophthalmol 2001; 45: 337-45.
  • Kass MA, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, et al.: The Ocuar Hypertension Treatment Study: a randomized trial determines that topical ocular hypotensive medication delays or prevents the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120: 701-13.
  • Lichter PR, Musch DC, Gilespie BW, et al.: Interm clinical outcomes in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma treatment Study comparing inital treatment randomized to medications or surgery. Ophthalmol 2001; 108: 1943-53.
  • Clineschmidt CM, Wiliams RD, Snyder E, et al.: A randomized trial in patients inadequately controlled with timolol alone comparing the dorzolamide-timolol combination dorzalamide. Dorzolamide –Timolol Combination Study Group. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 1952-9.
  • Boyle JE, Ghosh K, Greser DK, Adamsons IA. A randomized trial comparing the dorzolamide-timolol combination given twice daily to monotherapy with timolol and dorzolamide. Ophthalmol 1998; 105: 1945- 51.
  • Inoue K, Shiokawa M, Sugahara M, Wakakura M, Soeda S, Tomita G. Three-month evaluation of dorzolamide hydrochloride/timolol maleate fixed- combination eye drops versus the separate use of both drugs. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2012; 56 (6): 559-63.
  • Budengeri P, Cheng JW, Cai JP, Wei RL. Efficacy and tolerability of fixed combination of brimonidine 0.2%/timolol 0.5% compared with fixed combination of dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% in the treatment of patients with elevated intraocular pressure: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2013; 29 (5): 474-9.
  • Kovaić Z, Stanić R, Bojić L, Rogosić V, Ivanisević M, Jurasin KS, Capkun V. The efficacy of the fixed drug combination dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012; 13 (13): 1829-35.
  • Eren MH, Gungel H, Altan C, Pasaoglu IB, Sabanci S. Comparison latanoprost/timolol fixed combinations on diurnal intraocular pressure control in primary open-angle glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2011; 31 (6): 447-51. and
  • Yüksel N, Gök M, Altıntaş O, Cağlar Y. Diurnal intraocular pressure efficacy of the timolol-brimonidine fixed combination and the timolol-dorzolamide fixed combination as a first choice therapy in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2011; 12 (16): 2425-31.
  • Auger GA, Raynor M, Longstaff S. Patient perspectives when switching from Cosopt (®) (dorzolamide-timolol) to Azarga™ (brinzolamide-timolol) for glaucoma requiring multiple drug therapy. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 2059-62.
  • Nebbioso M, Evangelista M, Librando A, Di Blasio D, Pescosolido N. Fixed topical combinations in glaucomatous patients and ocular discomfort. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012; 13 (13): 1829-35.
  • Rossi GC, Pasinetti GM, Sandolo F, Bordin M, Bianchi PE.From dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination: a 6-month, multicenter, open-label tolerability switch study. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2011; 86 (5): 149-53.
  • Whitson JT, Realini T, Nguyen QH, McMenemy MG, Goode SM. Six-month results from a Phase III randomized trial of fixed-combination brinzolamide 1% +brimonidine 0.2% versus brinzolamide or brimonidine monotherapy in glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7: 1053-60.
  • Beckers HJ, Schouten JS, Webers CA. Role of fixed- combination brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2009; 3: 593-9.
  • Mundorf TK, Rauchman SH, Williams RD, Notivol R; Brinzolamide/Timolol Preference Study Group. A patient (brinzolamide/timolol fixed combination) vs Cosopt (dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2008; 2 (3): 623-8. of Azarga
  • Sánchez-Pulgarín M, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, García- Feijoó J, Sáenz-Francés F, Santos-Bueso E, Herrero- Vanrell R, García Sánchez J. Comparative study of the pressure lowering efficacy and variations in the ocular pulse amplitude between fixed combinations of dorzolamide/timolol and brinzolamide/timolol. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2011; 86 (5): 149-53.
  • Sanseau A, Sampaolesi J, Suzuki ER Jr, Lopes JF, Borel H. Preference for a fixed combination of brinzolamide/timolol among patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7: 357-62.
  • Sheerwood MB, Craven ER, Chou C, DuBiner HB, Batoosingh AL, Schiffman RM et al. Twice-daily 0.2 % brimonidine/ 0.5 % timolol fixed combination therapy vs monotherapy with timolol or brimonidine in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension: A 12-month randomized trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124: 1230-8.
  • Cho SW, Kim JM, Park KH, Choi CY. Effects of brimonidine 0.2%-timolol 0.5% fixed-combination therapy for glaucoma. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2010; 54 (5): 407-13.
  • Katz LJ, Rauchman SH, Cottingham AJ Jr, Simmons ST, Williams JM, Schiffman RM, Hollander DA. Fixed-combination latanoprost in glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a 12- week, randomized, comparison study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 May; 28 (5): 781-8. versus
  • Gulkilik G, Oba E, Odabası M. Comparison of fixed combinations brimonidine/timolol in patients with primary open- angle glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2011; 31 (6): 447-51.
  • García-Feijoó J, Sáenz-Francés F, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, Méndez-Hernández C, Fernández-Vidal A, Calvo- González C, García-Sánchez J. Comparison of ocular hypotensive brimonidine/timolol and dorzolamide/timolol. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26 (7): 1599-606.
  • Inoue K, Fujimoto T, Higa R, Moriyama R, Kohmoto H, Nagumo H, Wakakura M, Tomita G. Efficacy and safety of a switch to latanoprost 0.005% + timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination eyedrops from latanoprost 0.005% monotherapy. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 771-5.
  • Inoue K, Okayama R, Higa R, Wakakura M, Tomita G. Assessment of ocular hypotensive effect and safety 12 months after changing from an unfixed combination to a latanoprost 0.005% + timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 607-12.
  • Zhao JL, Ge J, Li XX, Li YM, Sheng YH, Sun NX, Sun XH, Yao K, Zhong Z; Xalacom Study Group in China. Comparative efficacy and safety of the fixed versus unfixed combination of latanoprost and timolol in Chinese patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. BMC Ophthalmol. 2011; 19 (11): 23.
  • Barnebey HS, Orengo-Nania S, Flowers BE, et al.: The safety and efficacy of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination ophthalmic solution. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 140: 1-7.
  • Schuman JS, Katz GJ, Lewis RA, et al.: Efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of travoprost 0.004% timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution once daily for open- angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 140: 242-50.
  • Pachimkul P, Yuttitham K, Thoophom P. 24-Hour intraocular pressure control between travoprost/timolol fixed combination and standard timolol in primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. J Med Assoc Thai 2011; 94 (2): 81-7. timolol fixed
  • Inoue K, Setogawa A, Higa R, Moriyama R, Wakakura M, Tomita G. Ocular hypotensive effect and safety of travoprost combination after change of treatment regimen from β- blockers and prostaglandin analogs. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6: 231-5. maleate 0.5% fixed
  • Kashiwagi K. Efficacy and safety of switching to travoprost/timolol fixed-combination therapy from latanoprost monotherapy. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2012; 56 (4): 339-45.
  • Homer A; Ganfort Invstigators Group I: A double- masked, randomizd, paralel comparison of a fixed combinationof bimatoprost 0.03%/timolol 0.5% with non-fixed combination use inpatients with glaucoma or ocular hypertesion. Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 53-62.
  • Katsanos A, Dastiridou AI, Fanariotis M, Kotoula M, Tsironi EE. Bimatoprost and bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2011; 27 (1): 67-71.
  • Rigollet JP, Ondategui JA, Pasto A, Lop L. Randomized trial comparing three fixed combinations of prostaglandins/prostamide with timolol maleate. Clin Ophthalmol 2011; 5: 187-91. 47. Macky TA. Bimatoprost/Timolol Versus Travoprost/Timolol Fixed Combinations in an Egyptian Population: A Hospital-based Prospective Randomized
  • Study. J Glaucoma. 2013 Feb 19. (Epub ahead of print)
  • Aptel F, Cucherat M, Denis P. Efficacy and tolerability of prostaglandin-timolol fixed combinations: a meta- analysis of randomized clinical trials. Eur J Ophthalmol 2012; 22 (1): 5-18.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Murat Atabey Özer Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özer, M. A. (2014). Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler. Annals of Health Sciences Research, 3(1), 33-38.
AMA Özer MA. Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler. Ann Health Sci Res. Nisan 2014;3(1):33-38.
Chicago Özer, Murat Atabey. “Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler”. Annals of Health Sciences Research 3, sy. 1 (Nisan 2014): 33-38.
EndNote Özer MA (01 Nisan 2014) Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler. Annals of Health Sciences Research 3 1 33–38.
IEEE M. A. Özer, “Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler”, Ann Health Sci Res, c. 3, sy. 1, ss. 33–38, 2014.
ISNAD Özer, Murat Atabey. “Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler”. Annals of Health Sciences Research 3/1 (Nisan 2014), 33-38.
JAMA Özer MA. Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler. Ann Health Sci Res. 2014;3:33–38.
MLA Özer, Murat Atabey. “Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler”. Annals of Health Sciences Research, c. 3, sy. 1, 2014, ss. 33-38.
Vancouver Özer MA. Glokomda Sabit Kombine Tedaviler. Ann Health Sci Res. 2014;3(1):33-8.