Haloterapi (Tuz Tedavisi)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 28 - 35, 01.01.2020

Mehmet Günata Hakan Parlakpınar

Öz

Asırlardır tüm canlılar için yaşamsal bir öneme sahip olan tuz, besin olarak kullanılması yanında haloterapi, speleoterapi, turizm ve güzel sanatlar uygulamaları gibi amaçlarla da kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı haloterapinin terapötik olarak kullanımını ilgili literatür verileri ışığında tartışmak ve yapılacak ileri çalışmalar için farkındalık sağlamaktır. Ulaşılabilen literatürler incelendiğinde, haloterapi solunum yolu ve alerji hastalıkları başta olmak üzere çok sayıda hastalık üzerinde özellikle yurt dışında ve bazı bölgelerde de sağlık turizmi kapsamında etkili olduğu düşünülerek uygulamaya konulmuştur. Ülkemizdeki doğal tuz kaynakları düşünüldüğünde sağlık alanında kullanılabilmesi ve sağlık turizminde cazibe merkezleri olarak planlanabilmesi için iyi
planlanmış ileri düzeyde bilimsel çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemede haloterapinin muhtemel kullanım alanları, bilinen etki mekanizmaları, yan tesirleri, kontrendikasyonları ve riskleri sunulmuştur. Yine bu derlemede; literatürden elde edilen veriler, güncel tedavi rehberleri ile kıyaslanarak; yayımlanan makalelerin bilimsel metodoloji açısından eksik kısımları ortaya konulmuştur. Dolayısı ile haloterapinin etkililiği ve güvenliliği konusunda iyi dizayn edilmiş bilimsel çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Haloterapi, solunum yolu hastalıkları, tuz tedavisi, sağlık turizmi

Halotherapy (Salt Therapy)

Öz

Salt, which has a vital importance for all living things for centuries, is also used for purposes such as halotherapy, speleotherapy, tourism and fine arts applications. The aim of thisr eview is to discuss the therapeutic use of halotherapy in the light of relevant literatüre and to provide awareness for further studies. Considering the available literature, halotherapy has been put into practice considering that it is effective in health tourism, especially in abroad and in some regions, on many diseases including respiratory and allergy diseases. Considering the natural salt resources in our country, well-designed further scientific studies are needed in order to be used in health area and to be planned as attraction centers in health tourism. In this review, the possible uses of halotherapy, known mechanisms of action, side effects, contraindications and risks are presented. In this review; data from the literatüre are compared with current treatment guidelines; the missing parts of the published articles in terms of scientific methodology have been put forward. Therefore, there is a need for well-designed scientific studies on the effectiveness and safety of halotherapy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Halotherapy, respiratory diseases, salt therapy, health tourism

Kaynakça

• 1. Avcı S. Ekonomik coğrafya açısından önemli bir maden: tuz. Coğrafya Dergisi 2003; 11: 21-45.
• 2. Chervinskaya AV, Zilber NA. Halotherapy for treatment of respiratory diseases. J Aerosol Med. 1995; 8(3): 221-32.
• 3. Aydilek R, Bozkanat E. Bronşial astmada alternatif tedaviler. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 1997; 17(5): 362-4.
• 4. Vladeva EP, Ovcharova LP. Halotherapy– benefits and risks. Scripta Scientifica Salutis Publicae 2018; 4: 22-6.
• 5. Timur UP, Orhan M, Aksüt A. Çankırı kaya tuzu mağarasının ve yakın çevresinin turizm ve rekreasyonel amaçlı kullanımının irdelenmesi. Düzce Üniversitesi Ormancılık Dergisi 2014: 10(1): 97-113.
• 6. Jabbarov A, Zulfugarov Z. Social tourism in duzdag, Nakhchivan autonomous republic within the republic of Azerbaijan: resources, planning and development. Am J Tourism Manag 2015; 4(1): 1-6.
• 7. Opriţa B, Pandrea C, Dinu B, Aignătoaie B. Saltmed-the therapy with sodıum chloride dry aerosols. Ther Pharmacol Clin Toxicol. 2010; 14(3): 201-4.
• 8. Anderson SD, Spring J, Moore B, Rodwell LT, Spalding N, Gonda I, et al. The effect of inhaling a dry powder of sodium chloride on the airways of asthmatic subjects. Eur Respir J. 1997; 10(11): 2465-73.
• 9. Kamińska K. Halotherapy. Sulejówek: Salsano Haloterapia Polska, Sulejówek 2014.
• 10. Chervinskaya AV. Prospects of halotherapy in sanatorium and spa. Dermatol Cosmetol. 2006; 3(36): 74-5.
• 11. Farkhutdinov UR, Abdrakhmanova LM, Farkhutdinov RR. Effects of halotherapy on free radical oxidation in patients with chronic bronchitis. Klin Med (Mosk). 2000; 78(12): 37- 40.
• 12. Hedman J, Hugg T, Sandell J, Haahtela T. The effect of salt chamber treatment on bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthmatics. Allergy. 2006; 61(5): 605-10.
• 13. Chervinskaia AV. The scientific validation and outlook for the practical use of haloaerosol therapy. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2000; 1: 21-4.
• 14. Maev EZ, Vinogradov NV. Halotherapy in the combined treatment of chronic bronchitis patients. Voen Med Zh. 1999; 320(6): 34-7.
• 15. Roslaia N, Likhacheva E, Shchekoldin PV, Efficacy of therapeutic use of ultrasound and sinusoidal modulated currents combed with halotherapy in patient with occupational toxic-dust bronchitis. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2001; 1: 26-7.
• 16. Chereshnev VA, Barannikov VG, Kirichenko LV, Varankina SA, Khokhryakova VP, Dement'ev SV. The new directions in the physiotherapeutic applications of the natural potassium salts of the Western Ural. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2016; 93(6): 21-6.
• 17. Cyriac J, Babychan D, Bansy O, Zamnad K, Nasar S. Design and fabrication of a halotherapic generating unit for curing pulmonary diseases. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 2016; 7(3): 191-9.
• 18. Sandu I, Buşilă MC, Vasilache V, Sandu IG. The effects of salt solions on the health of human subjects. Present Environ Sustain 2011; 5(2): 67-88.
• 19. Zhang L, Mendoza-Sassi RA, Wainwright C, Klassen TP. Nebulized hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; 12: CD006458.
• 20. Smith CM, Anderson SD. Inhalation provocation tests using nonisotonic aerosols. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 1989; 84(5): 781- 90.
• 21. Abdullaev AA, Gadzhiev KM, Eiubova AA. The efficacy of speleotherapy in salt mines in children with bronchial asthma based on the data from immediate and late observations. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 1993; 5: 25-8.
• 22. Chervinskaya AK, As Zhelezova, L, editor Cytobacteriologic examinations of brush samples from nosopharynx mucosa and immune status of patients in halotherapy./n. The 4th National Congress on Respiratory Diseases; 1994.
• 23. Zajac J, Bojar I, Helbin J, Kolarzyk E, Owoc A. Salt caves as simulation of natural environment and significance of halotherapy. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014; 21(1): 124-7.
• 24. Wiszniewski A. Environment of air-Ions in healing chambers in the "wieliczka" salt mine. Acta Physica Polonica A. 2015; 127(6): 1661-5.
• 25. Sandell J, Hedman J, Saarinen K, Haahtela T. Salt chamber treatment is ineffective in treating eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. Allergy. 2013; 68(1): 125-7.
• 26. Rashleigh R, Smith SM, Roberts NJ. A review of halotherapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2014; 9: 239-46.
• 27. Bar‐Yoseph R, Kugelman N, Livnat G, Gur M, Hakim F, Nir V, Bentur L. Halotherapy as asthma treatment in children: A randomized, controlled, prospective pilot study. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017; 52(5): 580-7.
• 28. Beamon S, Falkenbach A, Fainburg G, Linde K. Speleotherapy for asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001; 2: CD001741.
• 29. Kramer MR, Springer C, Berkman N, Glazer M, Bublil M, Bar-Yishay E, Godfrey S. Rehabilitation of hypoxemic patients with COPD at low altitude at the Dead Sea, the lowest place on earth. Chest. 1998; 113(3): 571-5.
• 30. Rabbani B, Makki SS, Najafizadeh K, Vishteh HR, Shafaghi S, Karimi S, et al. Efficacy of halotherapy for improvement of pulmonary function tests and quality of life of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectatic patients. Tanaffos. 2013; 12(2): 22-7.
• 31. Bobrov LL, Ponomarenko GN, Sereda VP, Chervinskaia AV. The therapeutic effects of a dry sodium chloride aerosol in bronchial asthma patients. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 1999; 4: 8-12.
• 32. Gorbenko PP, Adamova IV, Sinitsyna TM. Bronchial hyperreactivity to the inhalation of hypo- and hyperosmolar aerosols and its correction by halotherapy. Ter Arkh. 1996; 68(8): 24-8.
• 33. Achkar MA, Geller D, Slaney A, Layish DR. Halotherapy in patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study. Int J Respir Pulm Med 2015; 2: 1.
• 34. Eslaminejad A, Taghavi K, Zohal M, Kialashaki M, Fakharian AL. Speleotherapy as an effective treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Respir Med Lung Dis. 2017; 2(5): 1029-32.
• 35. Staff E. Promising or placebo? halo salt therapy: resurgence of a salt cave spa treatment. https://www.lung.org/about us/blog/ 2016/06/promising-placebo-salthalotherapy. html. 13.05.2019
• 36. Uluslararası Tuz Terapi Çalıştayı. https://doc player.biz.tr/60327175-The-first-internationalsalt- therapy-workshop-igdir-turkey-2017-july-3- 4-i-uluslararasi-tuz-terapi-calistayi-3-4-temmuz- 2017-igdir.html Erişim:13.05.20