Gastroenteritisli Köpeklerde Viral Etkenlerin PCR İle Araştırılması

Öz

Gastroenteritis, köpeklerde sık karşılaşılan, morbidite ve mortaliteye yol açabilen önemli bir klinik tablodur. Hastalık; viral, bakteriyel, paraziter veya toksik birçok etkene bağlı olarak gelişebilmekte olup, özellikle genç hayvanlarda hızlı seyirli olabilmekte ve hatta ölümcül seyredebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, gastroenteritisli köpeklerde viral etkenlerin varlığının araştırılması, enterik viral patojenlerin prevalansının belirlenmesi, koenfeksiyon durumlarının ortaya konulması ve tespit edilen virusların genetik karakterizasyonlarının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında, Ankara’daki veteriner kliniklerine gastroenteritis semptomlarıyla (akut diyare, kusma, iştahsızlık, ateş) getirilen sahipli 61 köpekten dışkı/rektal sürüntü örnekleri toplanmıştır. Örnekler; canine parvovirus (CPV), canine circovirus (CaCV), canine rotavirus (CRV), canine coronavirus (CCoV), Caliciviridae ailesine ait viruslar (norovirus, sapovirus, vesivirus), canine astrovirus (CaAstV) ve canine distemper virus (CDV) açısından konvansiyonel PCR yöntemine tabi tutulmuşlardır. Toplam 61 örneğin 17’si CPV (%27,9), 3’ü CaCV (%4,9), 2’si CRV (%3,3), 35’i CCoV (%57,4), 1’i Caliciviridae (%1,6), 5’i CaAstV (%8,2) ve 7’si CDV (%11,5) yönünden pozitif bulunmuştur. Bazı köpeklerde iki veya daha fazla etkenin birlikte bulunduğu koenfeksiyonlar saptanmıştır. Pozitif örnekler, virusların genetik çeşitliliği ve olası filogenetik ilişkileri değerlendirmek amacıyla dizileme ve filogenetik analizlere tabi tutulma aşamasındadır. Nihai olarak çalışmanın çıktıları ile köpeklerde gastroenteritise sebep olan viral ajanların etkisi ve viral etiyolojideki rolü üzerine değerlendirmeler ile gastroenteritis etkeni olarak tespit edilen virusların muhtemel orijini ve genetik çeşitliliğinin ortaya konulabilmesi sağlanacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• gastroenteritis
• köpek
• pcr
• virus

Investigation of Viral Agents in Dogs with Gastroenteritis by PCR

Öz

Gastroenteritis is a frequently encountered clinical syndrome in dogs and represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The disease can arise from multiple etiological factors including viral, bacterial, parasitic, and toxic agents. Particularly in young animals, the clinical course may progress rapidly, leading to severe outcomes or even death. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of viral pathogens in dogs presenting with gastroenteritis, to determine the prevalence of major enteric viral agents, to identify coinfection patterns, and to conduct genetic characterization of the detected viruses.A total of 61 fecal and rectal swab samples were collected from owned dogs presented to veterinary clinics in Ankara with clinical symptoms such as acute diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, and fever. Samples were screened using conventional PCR for canine parvovirus (CPV), canine circovirus (CaCV), canine rotavirus (CRV), canine coronavirus (CCoV), Caliciviridae family members (norovirus, sapovirus, vesivirus), canine astrovirus (CaAstV), and canine distemper virus (CDV). Of the 61 samples analyzed, 17 were positive for CPV (27.9%), 3 for CaCV (4.9%), 2 for CRV (3.3%), 35 for CCoV (57.4%), 1 for Caliciviridae (1.6%), 5 for CaAstV (8.2%), and 7 for CDV (11.5%). Moreover, coinfections involving two or more viral agents were detected in several dogs. Currently, positive samples are being subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analyses to evaluate their genetic diversity and potential evolutionary relationships. Ultimately, the results of this study will allow for an assessment of the effects of viral agents causing gastroenteritis in dogs and their role in viral etiology, as well as elucidate the possible origins and genetic diversity of the viruses identified as causative agents.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dog
• gastroenteritis
• pcr
• virus

Kaynakça

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