Postpartum Endometritis as a Trigger of Metabolic and Gastrointestinal Disorders in Dairy Cows: A Pathophysiological Link to Ketosis and Left Displaced Abomasum
Öz
Postpartum endometritis is a common uterine disorder in dairy cows that has implications beyond the reproductive system. This review evaluates the systemic effects of postpartum endometritis and its pathophysiological link to ketosis and left displaced abomasum (LDA). Based on current literature, the interactions between postpartum uterine infections, disturbances in energy metabolism, and alterations in gastrointestinal motility are examined through the inflammation–metabolism–gastrointestinal axis. Endometritis induces systemic inflammation mediated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and proinflammatory cytokines, leading to negative energy balance and increased fat mobilization, which predispose cows to ketosis. Subsequently, ketosis adversely affects abomasal motility, promoting gas accumulation and increasing the risk of mechanical displacement, thereby facilitating the development of LDA. These findings highlight the importance of integrated monitoring of uterine health, energy metabolism, and gastrointestinal function during the postpartum period. Early diagnostic and preventive strategies targeting this interconnected pathophysiology may improve animal welfare and enhance dairy herd productivity.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Endometritis, Ketosis, Left displaced abomasum, Dairy cows, Pathophysiology
Kaynakça
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