Somali’de hayvancılık sektörünün üretim yapısı ve ekonomik gelişimdeki önemi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 23 - 32, 26.12.2022

Abdinasir Hassan Mohamud Burak Mat Mustafa Bahadır Çevrimli

Öz

Somalia is a country in the horn of Africa. Most of Somalia's geography comprises arid and semi-arid rangeland, making pastoralism the most appropriate form of land use. In addition to being the primary source of income for pastoralists, livestock also makes up the most significant portion of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). The primary livestock of Somalia comprises cattle, camel, sheep, and goats. This livestock has multipurpose utilizes and is ideally suited to the local environmental conditions in the region. Prolonged droughts are not a problem for indigenous breeds, and they can feed inadequate forage. In Somalia, all primary livestock data are still in the hands of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists, as only they practice livestock farming. Although Somalia has experienced conflict and instability for the past 20 years, which caused livestock infrastructure to fail and be destroyed, livestock production is still the nation's primary source of income. At present, there are few livestock enterprises in the whole country. Also, there are a lack of public animal health care services and a lack of feed industries. Somali livestock experts spent much time in the sector, lacking modern technology and research centers. This makes it challenging to obtain accurate data on the livestock sector. Because of a lack of resources, international recognition, and insufficient development program support, the Somali government can not establish animal farms. All animals depend on rangeland resources because of the free grazing system. Like most rangelands, this area has been affected by environmental change and degradation, primarily due to increasing population pressure, overstocking, lack of rangeland management plans (overgrazing), vegetation clearing for fuelwood (overgrazing) deforestation), and lack of clear jurisdiction over rangelands.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Somali, Rangeland, Livestock, Pastoralism

Economic development opportunities and general structure of livestock production in Somalia

Öz

Somalia is a country in the horn of Africa. Most of Somalia's geography comprises arid and semi-arid rangeland, making pastoralism the most appropriate form of land use. In addition to being the primary source of income for pastoralists, livestock also makes up the most significant portion of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). The primary livestock of Somalia comprises cattle, camel, sheep, and goats. This livestock has multipurpose utilizes and is ideally suited to the local environmental conditions in the region. Prolonged droughts are not a problem for indigenous breeds, and they can feed inadequate forage. In Somalia, all primary livestock data are still in the hands of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists, as only they practice livestock farming. Although Somalia has experienced conflict and instability for the past 20 years, which caused livestock infrastructure to fail and be destroyed, livestock production is still the nation's primary source of income. At present, there are few livestock enterprises in the whole country. Also, there are a lack of public animal health care services and a lack of feed industries. Somali livestock experts spent much time in the sector, lacking modern technology and research centers. This makes it challenging to obtain accurate data on the livestock sector. Because of a lack of resources, international recognition, and insufficient development program support, the Somali government can not establish animal farms. All animals depend on rangeland resources because of the free grazing system. Like most rangelands, this area has been affected by environmental change and degradation, primarily due to increasing population pressure, overstocking, lack of rangeland management plans (overgrazing), vegetation clearing for fuelwood (overgrazing) deforestation), and lack of clear jurisdiction over rangelands.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Somali, Rangeland, Livestock, Pastoralism

Kaynakça

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