Keçilerde Sütteki MikroRNA’ların Subklinik Mastitis Tanısında Biyobelirteç Potansiyelleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 28 - 34, 30.06.2025

Ahmet Rüştü Kantarkaya , Hüseyin Özkan

Öz

Süt, memelilerde doğumu takiben meme bezinden salgılanan ve temelde yavru gelişimi için gerekli olan biyolojik bir sıvıdır. Keçi sütü insan sağlığı ve beslenmesinde büyük öneme sahip olup kaliteli bir hayvansal üründür. Keçi sütü üretiminde karşılaşılan subklinik mastitis önemli bir sağlık sorunu olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Her ne kadar subklinik mastitis sığırlarda süt somatik hücre sayısının tespiti ve Kaliforniya Mastitis Test (CMT) uygulaması gibi yöntemlerle tespit edilebilse de keçilerde süt sentezi apokrin salgı şeklinde olduğu için sütteki somatik hücre sayısı fizyolojik olarak yüksek olabilmekte ve subklinik mastitis bu yöntemlerle tespit edilememektedir. Moleküler teknolojinin gelişimi ve uygulanabilirliği ile birçok hastalığın tanı ve tedavisinde mikroRNA (miRNA)’ların biyobelirteç ve terapötik hedef olma potansiyeli taşıdıkları anlaşılmıştır. Birçok türde farklı fizyolojik ve patolojik durumda doku, organ ve biyolojik sıvılarda aktiviteleri araştırılan miRNA’ların subklinik mastitis tanısı için de kullanılabileceği değerlendirilmektedir. Özellikle kan, süt ve idrar gibi biyolojik sıvılarda farklı koşullarda değişen miRNA’ların tespit edilmesi birçok hayvan türünde verim ve hastalıkların izlenmesi bakımından önemlidir. Keçilerde verim ve sağlıkla ilgili çeşitli miRNA’ların potansiyelleri değerlendirilmekle birlikte subklinik mastitis üzerine miRNA düzeyinde yapılan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. MikroRNA’ların keçi sütündeki paternlerinin belirlenmesi ve subklinik mastitis durumunda değişikliklerin saptanması önemli ekonomik kayıplarla karakterize subklinik mastitis tanısında umut vadeden güncel bir yaklaşım olarak öne çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Keçi , Subklinik Mastitis , miRNA , Süt

Biomarker Potential of MicroRNAs in Milk for the Diagnosis of Subclinical Mastitis in Goats

Öz

Milk is a biological fluid secreted from the mammary gland following parturition in mammals and is primarily essential for the development of the offspring. Goat milk is a high-quality animal product with significant importance for human health and nutrition. Subclinical mastitis, is encountered in goat milk production, emerges as an important health issue. Although subclinical mastitis can be detected in cows through methods such as somatic cell count in milk and the California Mastitis Test (CMT), the apocrine secretion mechanism of milk synthesis in goats physiologically results in higher somatic cell counts, making these detection methods ineffective for identifying subclinical mastitis. With the advancement and applicability of molecular technology, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized for their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. miRNAs have been investigated in various tissues, organs, and biological fluids under different physiological and pathological conditions across numerous species, and they are now being considered for use in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. Especially the detection of miRNAs that vary under different conditions in biological fluids such as blood, milk, and urine is important for monitoring productivity and diseases in various animal species. While the potential of various miRNAs related to productivity and health has been evaluated in goats, studies focusing specifically on miRNAs in the context of subclinical mastitis are quite limited. Identifying the miRNA patterns in goat milk and detecting their alterations during subclinical mastitis represents a promising and up to date approach for diagnosing this condition, which is characterized by significant economic losses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Goat , Subclinical Mastitis , miRNA , Milk

Kaynakça

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