A Sample of Multiple Bone Fractures from the Cemetery in the Church of PisidiaAntiokheia (Isparta / Yalvaç) Byzantine Period

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 33, 1 - 19, 30.06.2017

Nalan Damla Usta Yılmaz , Mehmet Özhanlı Tuçe Güngör

https://doi.org/10.1501/antro_0000000338

Cited By: 2

Öz

In the 2015 season of the excavations in Pisidia Antiokheia (Yalvaç/Isparta) skeleton remains were found in the cemetery in the main nef of the Aedilicus chuch.As an anthropological analysis, it has been estimated that the skeletal remains belong to a man and also he was 56 years old. It has been found to have healed fractures in his postcranial bones. It has been applied to radiographic analyzes for these fracture traces. The fracture traces are on the 9th, 10th and 11th of rib bones (costae), on the neck of the right femur, on the proximal epiphysis of the right tibia, and at two places in the diaphysis of the right humerus, and they have been defined as incomplete fractures. Their similar morphologies have indicated likely occurrencing with contemporary traumas. Their position on the right side of the body supports the possibility that the individual probably falls on his right side in his life. In particular, the fracture finding on the femoral neck supports the possibility that this knockdown occurs on the passenger animal

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pisidia Antiokheia, Middle Byzantine, Palaeopathology, Trauma, Bone fractures

Pisidia-Antiokheia (Isparta-Yalvaç) Bizans Dönemi Kilise Mezarlığından Bir Çoklu Kemik Kırığı Örneği

Öz

Pisidia Antiokheia (Yalvaç / Isparta) Antik Kenti’nde 2015 yılında yapılan kazılarda Aedilicus Kilisesi’nin ana nefinde yer alan mezarlardan iskelet kalıntıları ele geçmiştir. Antropolojik analizler sonucunda erkek ve 54 yaşlarında olduğu öngörülen bireyin, vücut kemiklerinde iyileşmiş kırık izlerine rastlandı. Kırık izler için radyografik analizlere başvuruldu. Sağ 9., 10. ve 11. costae’larda, sağ femur’un boyun kısmında, sağ tibia’nın proksimalinde ve sağ humerus’un gövdesinin iki yerinde bulunan izler, “ayrılmamış kırıklar” olarak tanımlandı. İyileşmiş kırık izlerinin benzer morfolojileri bunların eş zamanlı travmalarla oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Bunların vücudun sağ yanında konumlanması bireyin yaşamında muhtemelen sağ yanı üzerine düştüğü ve özellikle femur boynundaki kırık bulgusu bu düşmenin binek hayvanı üzerindeyken gerçekleştiği ihtimallerini desteklemektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pisidia Antiokheia, Orta Bizans, Paleopatoloji, Travma, Kemik kırıkları

Kaynakça

• Acsadi, G. Y. ve Nemeski, J. (1970). History of Human Life Span and Mortality, Budapeşte: Academia Kiado.
• Aksu, N. ve Işıklar, Z.U. (2008). “Kalça Kırıkları”, Türk Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Birliği Derneği (TOTBİT) Dergisi, Cilt 7, Sayı 1-2, s.8-19.
• Aufderheide, A.C. ve Rodriguez-Martin, C. (1998). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Paleopathology, Cambridge University.
• Baker, T. http://www.ruralemergencymedicine.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ Resources_LECTURE_SLIDES_-_Horse_riding_injuries.pdf [Erişim 20 Nisan 2017].
• Ball, J.E., Ball, C.G., Mulloy, R.H., Datta, I. ve Kirkpatrick, A.W. (2009). “Ten years of major equestrian injury: are we addressing functional outcomes?”, J. Trauma. Manag. Outcomes., 3:2.
• Bennike, P. (2008). “Trauma”, Advances in Human Palaeopathology, Pinhasi & Mays (Eds.). England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 978-0-470-03602-0
• Bourbou, C. (2010). Health and Disease in Byzantine Crete (7th-12th Centuries AD): Medicine in the Medieval Mediterranean, Ashgate e-Book.
• Brickley, M., Mays, S. ve Ives, R. (2005). “Skeletal modifications of vitamin D deficiency osteomalacia in documented historical collections”, Int. J. Osteoarchaeol., 15: 389–403.
• Brickley, M. (2006). “Rib Fractures in the Archaeological Record: A Useful Source ofSociocultural Information?”, Int. J. Osteoarchaeol., 16: 61–75.
• Brickley, M. ve Ives, R. (2008). The Bioarchaeology of Metabolic Bone Disease. Amsterdam: Elsevier/ Academic Press.
• Brothwell, D. R. (1981). Digging Up Bones. London: Oxford University Press.
• Buckley, S.M., Chalmers, D. J. ve Langley, J. D. (1993). “Injuries due to falls from horses”, J. Public. Health., 17: 269–271.
• Buikstra, J. E. ve Ubelaker, D. H. (1994). Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains. Research Series, no. 44. Arkansas Archeological Survey, Fayetteville.
• Carmichael, S. P., Davenport, D. L., Kearney, P.A. ve Bernard, A.C., (2014). “On and Off the Horse: Mechanisms and Patterns of Injury in Mounted and Unmounted Equestrians”, Injury., 45 (9): 1479–1483.
• Eshed, V., Gopher, A., Pinhasi, R. ve Hershkovitz, I. (2010). “Palepathology and the origin of the agriculture in the Levant”. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol, 143 (1): 121- 133.
• Eroğlu, S. (2012). “Arşiv Belgeleri Bağlamında, W.M. Ramsay’in Pisidia Antiokheia Çalışmalarının Yeniden Değerlendirilmesi”, SDÜ Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25: 125-138.
• Galloway, A. (1999). Broken Bones: Anthropological Analysis of Blunt Force Trauma. Charles C Thomas: Springfield, IL.
• Greenspan, A. (2004). Orthopedic Imaging: A Practical Approach, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 0781750067, 9780781750066.
• Güleç, E. (1989). “Paleoantropolojik Verilere Göre Eski Anadolu Bireylerinin Boy Açısından İncelenmesi”, Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı, 5: 147-160.
• Kaya S., Kural C., Yılmaz N.D., Ilıca A.T. ve İzci Y. (2013). “Erken Bizans Döneminde Kafa Travması İzleri”, Gulhane Med J, 55: 46-50.
• Johnson, E. S. (1958). “Early Christianity in Asia Minor”, Journal of Biblical Literature, 77(1): 1-17.
• Kara, M., Dikmen, E., Erdal, H.H., Simsir, I. ve Kara, S.A. (2003). “Disclosure of unnoticed rib fractures with use of ultrasonography in minor blunt chest trauma”, European Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 24: 608–613.
• Kerr-Valentic, M.A., Arthur, M., Mullins, R.J., Pearson, T.E. ve Mayberry, J.C. (2003). “Rib fracture pain and disability: can we do better?” Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection and Critical Care, 54: 1058–1064.
• Kim, D.K., Kim, M.J., Kim, Y.S., Oh, C.S., Lee, S.S., Lim, S.B., Ki, H.C., ve Shin, D.H. (2013). “Long bone fractures identified in the Joseon Dynasty human skeletons of Korea”, Anat Cell Biol., 46(3): 203–209.
• Krogman, W. M. ve İşcan, M. Y. (1986). The Human Skeleton in Forensic Medicine. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.
• Lambert, M.P. (1997). “Patterns of violence in prehistoric huntergatherer societies of coastal Southern California”, Troubled times—violence and warfare in the past. D.L. Martin & D.W. Frayer, (Eds.). Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach, 77– 110.
• Larsen, C.S. (1997). Bioarchaeology: Interpreting Behaviour from the Human Skeleton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Levick, B. M. (1967). “Roman Colonies in Southern Asia Minor”, Oxford.
• Lovell, N.C. (1997). “Trauma analysis in paleopathology”, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 40: 139–170.
• Martin, R. ve Saller, K. (1957). Lehrbuch der Anthropologie in Systematischer Darstellung. Band I, Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
• Meiklejohn, C., Schentag, C., Venema, A. ve Key, P. (1984). “Socioeconomic change and patterns of pathology and variation in the Mesolithic and Neolithic of Western Europe: Some suggestions”, Paleopatology at the Origins of Agriculture, M.N. Cohen, G.J. Armelagos & F.L. Orlando, (Eds.). Academic Press, 75-100.
• Merbs, C. F. (1989). “Trauma”, Reconstruction of Life from The Skeleton, M.Y. Iscan & K.A.R. Kennedy, (Eds.). Wiley-Liss, New York, 23-40.
• Mitchell, S. ve Walkens, M. (1998). Pisidian Antioch. The Site and Its Monuments, London.
• Nadalo,L.A. ve Jones,K. (2003). “Rib Fracture Imaging”. Emedicine. http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic609.htm [Erişim 14 Nisan 2017].
• Ortner, D.J. (2003). Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Amsterdam: Academic Press.
• Ortner, D.J. ve Putschar, G.J. (1985). Identification of Pathological Conditions in Hu-man Skeletal Remains. Washington DC: Simithsonian Institution Press.
• Özhanlı, M. (2009). “Pisidia Antiokheiası Kazıları 2008”, ANMED Anadolu Akdenizi Arkeoloji Haberleri, 7: 70-74.
• Özhanlı, M. (2013). “Pisidia Antiokheia Özelinde Roma Dönemi Kent Planlaması”, Pisidia Araştırmaları I, Sempozyum Bildiri Kitabı: 155-176.
• Pearson, K. (1899). “Mathematical Contribution on the Theory of Evolution. On the Reconstruction of the Stature of Prehistoric Races”, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, 192: 169-224.
• Pinhasi, R. ve Mays, S. (2008). Advances in Human Palaeopathology. Wiley, Chichester.
• Prioreschi, P. (2004). A History of Medicine: Byzantine and Islamic Medicine, Vol. IV, Reprinted, Omaha: Horatius Press.
• Rathbun T.A. (1984). “Skeletal pathology from the Paleolithic through the Metal Ages in Iran and Iraq”, Paleopathology at the origins of agriculture, M.N. Cohen & G.J. Armelagos, (Eds.). Orlando: Academic Press. p 137–167.
• Roberts, C. ve Manchester, K. (1995). The Archaeology of Disease, Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
• Sağır, M. (2000). Uzun Kemik Radyografilerinden Boy Formülü Hesaplanması, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Antropoloji Anabilim Dalı.
• Scapinelli, R. (2009). “Macroscopic and Radiological Study of the Bones of Francesco Petrarca With Particular Regard to the Sequelae of Traumatic Injuries”, Journal of Paleopathology, 21: 41-62.
• Sirmali, M., Türüt, H., Topçu, S., Gülhan, E., Yazici, Ü., Kaya, S. ve Taştepe, I. (2003). “A comprehensive analysis of traumatic rib fractures: morbidity, mortality and management”, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 24: 133–138.
• Smartt P, Chalmers D. (2009). “A new look at horse-related sport and recreational injury in New Zealand”, J. Sci. Med. Sport.,12:376–382.
• Srinivasan, V., Pierre, C., Plog, B., Srinivasan, K., Petraglia, A. L. ve Huang, J. H. (2014). “Straight from the horse's mouth: neurological injury in equestrian sports”, Neurol. Res., 36 (10): 873–877.
• Stawicki, S.P., Grossman, M.D., Hoey, B.A., Miller, D.L. ve Reed, J.F. (2004). “Rib fractures in the elderly: a marker of injury severity”, American Geriatrics Society, 52: 805–808.
• Strouhal, E. ve Jungwirth, J. (1980). “Paleopathology of the Late Roman-Early Byzantine cemeteries at Sayala, Egyptian Nubia”, Journal of Human Evoluation, 9 (1): 61-70.
• Tassinari, P. (2014). “Antik Dünyada Tıp ve Sağlık”, Aktüel Arkeoloji Dergisi, Kasım – Aralık 2014; s.56-67.
• Trotter, M. ve Gleser, G.S. (1952). “Estimation of Stature From Long Bones of American Whites and Negroes”, Am. J. Phys. Anthropol., 10: 463-7514.
• Walker, P.L. (1989). “Cranial injuries as evidence of violence in prehistoric southern California”. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 80: 313–323.
• Wells, C. (1976). Fracture of the heel bones in early and prehistoric times”, Practitioner, 217:214-298.
• White, T. D. ve Folkens, P. A. (2005). Human Osteology. Academic Press. San Diego.
• http://www.huseyinarslan.net.tr/genelhastalik/hekimler/17-diz-cevresi-epifiz- yaralanmalarinda-sik-yapilan-hatalar [Erişim 6 Mayıs 2017].