Balatlar Kilisesi’nde ileri düzey biparietal osteodistrofi örneği

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 42, 59 - 66, 28.12.2021

Mustafa Tolga Çırak Erhan Tarhan Gülgün Köroğlu

https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.939236

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Karadeniz’in önemli antik kentlerinden birisi olan Sinop’ta Balatlar Kilise popülasyonu içerisinde 2006 yılında tespit edilen ve 18. yüzyıla ait olduğu düşünülen bir kafatası incelenmiştir. Yapılan makroskobik ve tomografik incelemelerde, ileri erişkin bu bireyin 3. derece bilateral osteodistrofiye sahip olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Simetrik biçimde parietalin her iki yanında yer alan bu lezyon, özellikle sağ parietalde yer yer kemik dokuyu tamamen ortadan kaldırmıştır. Bu durumun, bireyde ciddi hayati bir tehlike oluşturduğu düşünülmektedir. Bilateral osteodistrofinin etiyolojisi net olmamakla birlikte yaşlılığa bağlı etkenlerin önemli rol oynadığı belirtilmektedir. Bilateral osteodistrofinin bu bireyde gözlemlenmesinin nedeninin ise yaşa bağlı gelişen osteoporoz olduğu düşünülmektedir. Antropolojik çalışmalarda oldukça az rastlanan bu patolojinin Anadolu’daki nadir örneklerden biri olması ve paleopatoloji literatürüne katkı sağlaması açısından önemi büyüktür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balatlar Kilisesi, paleopatoloji, biparietal osteodistrofi, Geç Osmanlı Dönemi

A case of advanced stage biparietal osteodystrophy in the Balatlar Church

Öz

In this study, a skull found in 2006 that belongs to the Balatlar Church population in Sinop, which is one of the important ancient cities of the Black Sea and is thought to belong to the 18th century, was examined. In the macroscopic and tomographic examinations, it was revealed that the older adult individual had a pathology called 3rd degree Bilateral Osteodystrophy. Located symmetrically on the both sides of the parietal bones, this lesion completely removed some bone tissue, especially on the right parietal. This incidence is thought to pose a serious life-threatening situation to the individual. Even tough the etiology of bilateral osteodystrophy is not clear, it is stated that the factors related to aging play an important role. The reason for the occurrence of bilateral osteodystrophy in this individual is thought to be the age-related osteoporosis. This pathological lesion, which is rarely encountered in anthropological studies, is of great importance in terms of being one of the rare examples in Anatolia and contributing to the paleopathology literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balatlar church, Late Ottoman period, paleopathology, biparietal osteodystrophy

Kaynakça

• Arnaud, G., ve Arnaud, S. (1976). Un nouveau cas d’Amincissement bipariétal symetrique. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris, 3(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.3406/bmsap.1976.1833
• Aufderheide, A. C., ve Rodriguez-Martin, C. (1998). The Cambridge encyclopedia of human paleopathology. Cambridge University Press.
• Barnes E. (1994). Developmental defects of the axial skeleton in paleopathology. University Press of Colorado.
• Bloch, R. (1897) Familiendisposition bei symmetrischer Atrophie des Schädeldaches. Prager Medizinische Wochenschrift, 22, 147-161.
• Breitinger E. (1982). Depressio biparietalis circumscripta I. Zwei Falle aus dem Avaren Zeitlichen Gräberfeld von Zwolfaxing bei Wein. Archaeologia Austriaca 66, 141-153.
• Brothwell, D. R. (1967). Biparietal thinning in early Britain. D. R. Brothwell DR ve A. T. Sandison (Ed.) içinde, Diseases in antiquity (s. 413-416). Charles C Thomas Publisher.
• Bruyn, G. W., ve Bots, G. T. A. M. (1978). Biparietal osteodystrophy. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 80(3), 125-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0303-8467(78)80035-3
• Camp, J. D., ve Nash, L. A. (1944). Developmental thinness of the parietal bones. Radiology; 42(1), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.1148/42.1.42
• Campillo, D. (1996). Paleopatologia. Los primeros vestigios de la enfermedad. Fundacion Uriach.
• Carriere, J. (1874) C. R. des travaux de la soc. anat. pour l’année 1870 (45e année). Bulletin de la Société anatomique de Paris.
• Casati, A. (1926) Die senilen Schadelveranderungen im Röntgenbild. Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren, 34, 335. Cederlund C.-G., Andrén, L., ve Olivecrona, H. (1982). Progressive bilateral thinning of the parietal bones. Skeletal Radiology, 8(1), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00361365
• Cuete, D. (2016). Biparietal osteodystrophy. Case study, Radiopaedia.org. Erişim: 10 Aralık 2021, https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-46109
• Çırak, A. (2009). Kelenderis iskeletlerinin paleoantropolojik analizi ve Anadolu toplumları arasındaki yeri [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Dutta, P. C. (1969). Bilateral parietal thinning in Bronze age skull. British Medical Journal, 1, 55. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5635.55
• Epstein, B. S. (1953). The concurrence of parietal thinness with postmenopausal, senile, or idiopathic osteoporosis. Radiology, 60(1), 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1148/60.1.29
• Grainger, R. G., Allison, D. J., Adam, A., Dixon, A. K. (Eds.) (2001). Diagnostic radiology: a textbook of medical imaging, 4th ed. Churchill Livingstone.
• Greig, D. M. (1926) On symmetrical thinness of the parietal bones. Edinburgh Medical Journal, 33(11), 645-671. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5320304/
• Günay, I. (2005). Mersin-Kelenderis (19.yy) toplumunun sağlık sorunları [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Humphry, G. J. (1873). Depressions in the parietal bones of an orang and in man. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 8(1), 136-141. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC1319014/
• Humphry, G. J. (1858) The human skeleton. Cambridge.
• Köroğlu, G. (2013). Sinop Balatlar Kilise 2011 Yılı Kazı Çalışmaları. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, 34(3), 313-324. https://kvmgm.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/7335,34kazi3.pdf?0
• Krogman, W. M., and İscan, M. Y. (1986). The human skeleton in forensic medicine, 2nd edition. Charles C. Thomas.
• Lodge, T. (1967). Thinning of the parietal bones in early Egyptian populations and its aetiology in the light of modern observations. D. R. Brothwell ve A. T. Sandison (Ed.) içinde, Diseases in antiquity (s. 405-412). Charles C Thomas Publisher.
• Lodge, T. H. (1975) Developmental defects in the cranial vault. The British Journal of Radiology, 48(570), 421. https://doi.org/10.1259/0007-1285-48-570-421
• Henneberg, M., Henneberg, R., ve Cipriani, M. (2002). Bilateral symmetrical thinning of the parietals in a female from Santa Venera necropolis of ancient Poseidonia, Italy (5th Century BC). Paleopathology Newsletter 118, 12.
• Mallegni, F. (1977). Un Caso dí Assottigliamento Biparíetale Simmetrico in Un Calvario della Necropoli Eneolitico del Gaudo. Atti Societá Toscana di Scienze Naturali, 83, 31-41.
• Mann, R. W., ve Hunt, D. R. (2012). Photographic regional atlas of bone disease: a guide to pathologic and normal variation in the human skeleton, 3rd ed. Charles C Thomas.
• Nashold, B. S. ve Netsky, M. G. (1959). Foraminae, fenestrae, and thinness of parietal bone. Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, 18(3), 432-441. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-195907000-00005
• Ortner, D. J., ve Putschar, W. G. J. (1985). Identification of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains. Smithsonian Institution Press. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810223.28.1
• Rokitansky, C. (1844) Handbuch der speziellen pathologischen Anatomie. Braumüller & Seidel.
• Sağır, M., Özer, İ., ve Güleç, E. (2009). Osmanlı dönemi kafataslarının paleopatolojik analizi. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı, 24, 65-78. http://www.kulturvarliklari.gov.tr/sempozyum_pdf/arkeometri/24_arkeometri.pdf
• Sandifort, E. (1783). Exercitationes academicae. Caput quintum. De sinusantii profundo, in utroque osse verticis observato. S and J Luchtmans, Leyden.
• Shepherd, F. J. (1893). Symmetrical depressions on the exterior surface of the parietal bones (with notes of three cases). Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 27(4), 501-504. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC1328301/
• Smith, G. E. (1907). The causation of the symaetrical thinning of the parietal bones in Ancient Egyptians. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 41(3), 232-233. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC1289120/
• Steinbach, H. L., ve Obata, W. G. (1957) The significance of thinning of the parietal bones. The American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy, and Nuclear Therapy, 78(1), 39-45.
• Takata, S., Takao, S., Yoshida, S., Hayashi, F., ve Yasui, N. (2008). Therapeutic effects of one-year alendronate treatment in three cases of osteoporosis with parietal thinning. The Journal of Medical Investigation, 55(3-4), 297-302. https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.55.297
• Takunyacıoğlu, B. (2019). Zeytinliada insanları ve yaşam biçimleri [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sivas.
• Ubelaker, D. H. (1978). Human skeletal remains: Excavation, analysis, interpretation. Aldine Publishing Company.
• Virchow, R. (1853). Über die Involutionskrankheit (Malum senile) der platten Knochen. Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-Medizinischen Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, 354.
• White, D. T., Black, M. T., ve Folkens, P. (2012). Human osteology, 3rd edition. Academic Press.
• Wilson, A. K. (1944). Roentgenological findings in bilateral symmetrical thinnes of the parietal bones (senile atrophy). Report of a case with a review of the literature. The American Journal of Roentgenology, 51, 685.
• Wilson, A. K. (1947). Thinness of the parietal bones. Report of a case having predominantly unilateral involvement. The American Journal of Roentgenology, 58, 724.
• Workshop of European Anthropologists (1980). Recommendations for age and sex diagnoses of Skeletons. Journal of Human Evolution, 9(7), 517-549. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2484(80)90061-5
• Yılmaz, M. B., Egemen, E., Özbakır, B., ve Tekiner, A. (2013). Epidural hematoma after minor trauma on patient with biparietal osteodystrophy. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, 53(1), 57-58. https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2013.53.1.57