Turizm antropolojisinin ana hatları

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 47, 26 - 38, 31.12.2023

Nurgül Çalışkan , Zeynep Çokal , Yener Bektaş

https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1398776

Öz

Giderek küreselleşen dünyada turizmin kültürler ve/veya alt kültürler arasında bir karşılaşmaya sahne olması, turizm ve antropolojiyi pragmatik yollarla bir araya getirmektedir. Buna karşın, ulusal literatürde turizm ve antropoloji arasındaki bağlantıların yeterince kurulmadığı dikkat çekmektedir. Literatürdeki eksikliğe bir yanıt olarak bu çalışma ile turizm antropolojisinin doğuşundan bu yana söylemindeki önemli dönüm noktalarının ve değişen doğasının gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede, çalışmada öncelikle turizm ve antropoloji arasındaki ilişki irdelenmiş ve turizm antropolojisinin bir alt disiplin olarak nasıl meşruiyet kazandığı tartışılmıştır. Ardından, antropologların “misafirler” ve “ev sahiplerine” odaklanarak turizme yönelik sordukları sorular iki ana temaya (turizmin doğası ve etkileri) ayrılmış ve bu temalar altında tartışılan konuların bir özeti sunulmuştur. Böylece turizm antropolojisine ilişkin genel bir çerçeve çizilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turizm, Antropoloji, Kültürleşme, Otantiklik, Metalaştırma

The outline of tourism anthropology

Öz

In an increasingly globalized world, the fact that tourism as a stage for encounters between cultures and/or subcultures brings tourism and anthropology together in pragmatic ways. However, it is noteworthy that the connections between tourism and anthropology are not sufficiently established in the national literature. As a response to this gap in the literature, this study aims to review the major turning points in the discourse and the changing nature of tourism anthropology since its inception. In this context, the study primarily examines the relationship between tourism and anthropology and discusses how tourism anthropology gained legitimacy as a sub-discipline. Subsequently, the questions anthropologists ask about tourism, focusing on “guests” and “hosts”, are divided into two main themes (the nature of tourism and its impacts) and a summary of the topics discussed under these themes is presented. Thus, an attempt has been made to outline a general framework for tourism anthropology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourism, anthropology, acculturation, authenticity, commoditization

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