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Biological adaptation in culinary practices: An evolutionary perspective on dietary habits

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 50, 13 - 25, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1567484

Öz

The objective of this study is to examine the evolution of human food processing and cooking methods, as well as the historical and biological foundations of dietary habits with a particular focus on biological adaptation. In this study, the evolution of human dietary habits and the impact of food processing/cooking methods on biological adaptation are discussed. The evolution of dietary habits and the influence of food sources on humans have constituted a significant factor in the development of adaptation strategies and human anatomy. In particular, the increased consumption of meat and the capacity to adapt to starch affected the survival strategies and brain development of our ancestors. It has been determined that human food processing and cooking methods have a significant impact on the historical and biological basis of dietary habits. From the beginning of human history to the present day, humans have evolved dietary habits and shaped them through various technological and cultural factors. As a result of this process, people have become increasingly biologically and culturally distanced from nature and have to spend less time on food preparation, which is a part of daily life in the industrialized world. The hunter-gatherer lifestyle has almost disappeared and nutritional needs are met quickly and practically with the conveniences of modern life. However, this situation shows that the hunter-gatherer lifestyle, which has an important place in the evolutionary history of humanity, is gradually becoming obsolete. In terms of understanding evolutionary process of human dietary habits and predicting future changes, this study is considered as a significant step for future research. This study, which explains how human dietary habits have changed from past to present and the effects of these changes on biological adaptation, stands out whit its comprehensive analysis by bringing together data from different disciplines.

Kaynakça

  • Alt, K. W., Al-Ahmad, A., ve Woelber, J. P. (2022). Nutrition and health in human evolution: Past to present. Nutrients, 14(17), 3594. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173594
  • Andrews, P., ve Johnson, R. J. (2020). Evolutionary basis for the human diet: Consequences for human health. Journal of Internal Medicine, 287(3), 226-237. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13011
  • Armelagos, G. J. (2005). Genomics at the origins of agriculture, part two. Evolutionary Anthropology, 14, 109-121. https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.20048
  • Baker, P. T. (1966). Human biological variation as an adaptive response to the environment. Eugen Q, 13(2), 81-91.
  • Baltic, M. Z. ve Boskovic, M. (2015). When man met meat: Meat in human nutrition from ancient times till today. Procedia Food Science, 5, 6-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2015.09.002
  • Bocquet-Appel, J. P. (2008). Explaining the Neolithic demographic transition. J. P. Bocquet-Appel ve O. Bar-Yosef (Eds.) içinde The Neolithic demographic transition and its consequences (ss. 35-56). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8539-0_3
  • Bock, W. J. (1980). The definition and recognition of biological adaptation. American Zoologist, 20(1), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/20.1.217
  • Bottero, J. (2023). Dünyanın en eski mutfağı. (N. Ç. Tezel, Çev.). Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Burger, J., Kirchner, M., Bramanti, B., Haak, W. ve Thomas, M. G. (2007). Absence of the lactase-persistence-associated allele in early Neolithic Europeans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 3736–3741. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0607187104
  • Capocasa, M. ve Venier, D. (2023). Opening scientific knowledge to debunk myths and lies in human nutrition. European Journal of Nutrition, 62(8), 3447–3449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03228-3
  • Carmody, R. ve Wrangham, R.W. (2009). The energetic significance of cooking. Journal of Human Evolution, 57, 379–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.011
  • Corgneau, M., Scher, J., Ritie-Pertusa, L., Le, D. T., Petit, J., Nikolova, Y., ... ve Gaiani, C (2017). Recent advances on lactose intolerance: tolerance thresholds and currently available answers. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(15), 3344–3356. http://doi:10.1080/10408398.2015.1123671
  • Cömert, M. ve Güner, E. (2020). Anadolu’da Neolitik Dönemde beslenme alışkanlıkları ve mutfak kültürü. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 3426-3440.
  • Cutright, R. E. (2021). The story of food in the human past: How what we ate made us who we are. University of Alabama Press.
  • Darwin, C.R. (1871). The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. J. Murray.
  • Diamond, J. (2010). Tüfek, mikrop, çelik. Tübitak Yayınları.
  • Dufour, D. L. ve Piperata, B. A. (2018). Reflections on nutrition in biological anthropology. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 165(4), 855-864. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23370
  • Eaton, S. B. ve Eaton, S. B. (2003). An evolutionary perspective on human physical activity: Implications for health. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 136(1), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1095-6433(03)00208-3
  • Eren, E. ve Özer, İ. (2018). Eski Anadolu Toplumlarında Beslenme Alışkanlıkları. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(Ek.1), 308-323.
  • Fazzino, D. (2008). Traditional Food Security: Tohono O’odham Traditional Foods In Transition. [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Florida Üniversitesi, Gainesville, ABD.
  • Fellows Yates, J. A., Velsko, I. M., Aron, F., Posth, C., Hofman, C. A., Austin, R. M., ... ve Krause, J. (2021). The evolution and changing ecology of the African hominid oral microbiome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(1), e2021655118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021655118
  • Gremillion, K. J. (2012). Ancestral appetites: Food in prehistory. Cambridge University Press.
  • Goude, G., Salazar‐García, D. C., Power, R. C., Rivollat, M., Gourichon, L., Deguilloux, M. F., ... ve Binder, D. (2020). New insights on Neolithic food and mobility patterns in Mediterranean coastal populations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 173(2), 218–235. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.24089
  • Haas, J. D. ve Harrison, G. G. (1977). Nutritional Anthropology and biological adaptation. Annual Review of Anthropology, 6, 69–101. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2949326
  • Jordaan, A. ve Kruger, H. (February 1998). Notes on the cuticular ultrastructure of six xerophytes from southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 64 (1), 82–85. DOI:10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30829-2
  • Katoch, G. K., Nain, N., Kaur, S. ve Rasane, P. (2022). Lactose intolerance and its dietary management: an update. Journal of the American Nutritional Association, 41, 424–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2021.1891587
  • Kremer, M. (1993). Population growth and technological change: One Million B.C. to 1990. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108, 681–716.
  • Larsen, C. S. (1995). Biological changes in human populations with agriculture. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 185–213.
  • Larsen, C. S. (2006). The agricultural revolution as environmental catastrophe: Implications for health and lifestyle in the Holocene. Quaternary International, 150, 12–20.
  • Leonard, W. R. ve Robertson, M. L. (1994). Evolutionary perspectives on human nutrition: The influence of brain and body size on diet and metabolism. American Journal of Human Biology, 6, 77–88.
  • Louwagie, V. S. (2019). Lactose intolerance. JAAPA: Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 32(11), 49-50. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000586344.04372.e6
  • Luca, F., Hudson, R. R., Witonsky, D. B. ve Di Rienzo, A. (2011). A reduced representation approach to population genetic analyses and applications to human evolution. Genome Research, 21(7), 1087-1098.
  • Mann, N. (2007). Meat in the human diet: An anthropological erspective. Nutrition and Dietetics, 64(Suppl. 4), S102–S107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0080.2007.00194.x
  • Mary Işın, P. (2023). Avcılıktan gürmeliğe yemeğin kültürel tarihi. Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Masood, F. (2020). The effect of agriculture on health in Neolithic populations in the Levant. Pathways, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.29173/pathways11
  • McCracken, R. D. (1971). Lactase deficiency: an example of dietary evolution. Current Anthropology, 12(4/5), 479-517.
  • Milton, K. (1987). Primate diets and gut morphology: Implications for hominid evolution. M. Harris and E. B. Ross (Eds.) içinde Food and evolution (s.93–132). Temple University Press.
  • Morgan, L.H. (2015). Ancient society. Andesite Press.
  • Perry, G.H., Dominy, N. J., Claw, K. G.., Lee, A. S., Fiegler, H., Redon, R. … ve Stone, A. C. (2007). Diet and the evolution of human amylase gene copy number variation. Nat. Genet. 39, 1256–1260.
  • Prosser, C. L. (1964). Perspectives of adaptation: Theoretical aspects. E. B. Dill, E. F. Adolf ve C. G. Wilber (Eds.) içinde Handbook of Physiology (Sect. 4, ss. 11-25). Am. Phys. Soc.
  • Richards, M. P., Schulting, R. J. ve Hedges, R. E. (2003). Archaeology: Sharp shift in diet at onset of Neolithic. Nature, 425, 366-366.
  • Scott-Phillips, T. (2022). Biological adaptations for cultural transmission? Biology Letters, 18(11), 20220439.
  • Selimoğlu, E., Bektaş, Y., Özkoçak, V. ve Gültekin, T. (2018). Beslenme şeklinin zaman içindeki tarihsel yolculuğu. In SETSCI Conference Indexing System (Cilt. 3, ss. 390-398).
  • Stutz, A. J., Bocquentin, F., Chamel, B. ve Anton, M. (2021). The Effects of Early Childhood Stress on Mortality under Neolithization in the Levant. Paléorient, 47 (1), 45-70.
  • Sugiyama, Y. ve Koman, J. (1992). The flora of Bossou: its utilization by chimpanzees and humans. African Studies Monographs, 13, 127–169.
  • Tishkoff, S. A., Reed, F. A., Ranciaro, A., Voight, B. F., Babbitt, C. C., Silverman, J. S., ... ve Deloukas, P. (2007). Convergent adaptation of human lactase persistence in Africa and Europe. Nature Genetics, 39, 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1946
  • Toshmatova, S. R. ve Usmonov, S. O. (2021). Biological aspects of human adaptation to environmental conditions. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 11(3), 2185-2188.
  • Uhri, A. (2003). Ateşin kültür tarihi. Dost Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Ulijaszek, S. J. (1991). Human dietary change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 334, 271–279. http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1991.0116
  • Ulijaszek, S. J., Mann, N. ve Elton, S. (2012). Evolving human nutrition: Implications for public health. Cambridge Studies in Biological,64. ISBN 978-0-521-86916-4.
  • Ungar, P. S. ve Sponheimer, M. (2011). The diets of early hominins. Science, 334(6053), 190-193. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207701
  • Ungar, P. S., Grine, F. E. ve Teaford, M. F. (2006). Diet in early Homo: A review of the evidence and a new model of adaptive versatility. Annual Review of Anthropology, 35, 209–228.
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Biyolojik adaptasyonun mutfakta buluşması: Beslenme alışkanlıklarının evrimsel perspektifi

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 50, 13 - 25, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1567484

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, insanların yiyecekleri işleme ve pişirme yöntemlerinin evrimini, beslenme alışkanlıklarının tarihsel ve biyolojik temellerini biyolojik adaptasyon üzerine odaklanarak değerlendirmektir. Bu araştırmada, insanların beslenme alışkanlıklarının evrimi ve yiyeceklerin işlenme/pişirme yöntemlerinin biyolojik adaptasyon üzerindeki etkisi ele alınmıştır. İnsan evrimi sürecinde, beslenme alışkanlıklarının değişimi ve besin kaynaklarının türümüz üzerindeki etkisi, adaptasyon stratejilerinin ve insan anatomisinin evriminde önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Özellikle, et tüketiminin artması ve nişastaya adapte olma yeteneği, atalarımızın hayatta kalma stratejilerini ve beyin gelişimini etkilemiştir. İnsanların yiyecekleri işleme ve pişirme yöntemlerinin, beslenme alışkanlıklarının tarihsel ve biyolojik temelleri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İnsanlık tarihinin başlangıcından günümüze kadar, insanlar beslenme alışkanlıklarını evrimleştirmiş ve çeşitli teknolojik ve kültürel faktörlerle şekillendirmiştir. Bu süreçte, insanlar biyolojik ve kültürel olarak doğadan giderek uzaklaşmış, sanayileşmiş dünyada günlük yaşamın bir parçası olan yemek hazırlığına az zaman ayırmak zorunda kalmıştır. Avcı-toplayıcı yaşam tarzı neredeyse yok olma noktasına gelmiş ve modern yaşamın getirdiği kolaylıklarla beslenme ihtiyaçları hızlı ve pratik bir şekilde karşılanmaktadır. Ancak, bu durum insanlığın evrimsel geçmişinde önemli bir yer tutan avcı-toplayıcı yaşam tarzının gitgide tarihe karışmakta olduğunu göstermektedir. İnsan beslenme alışkanlıklarının evrimsel sürecini anlamak ve gelecekteki değişimleri tahmin etmek açısından bu çalışma, sonraki araştırmalar için önemli bir adım olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İnsanların beslenme alışkanlıklarının geçmişten günümüze nasıl değiştiğini ve bu değişikliklerin biyolojik adaptasyon üzerindeki etkilerini açıklayan bu çalışma farklı disiplinlerden gelen verileri bir araya getirerek kapsamlı bir analiz sunmasıyla da öne çıkmaktadır.

Teşekkür

Bu makalenin yazım sürecinde sağladıkları destek için Koç Üniversitesi ANAMED Araştırma Merkezi'ne teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Alt, K. W., Al-Ahmad, A., ve Woelber, J. P. (2022). Nutrition and health in human evolution: Past to present. Nutrients, 14(17), 3594. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173594
  • Andrews, P., ve Johnson, R. J. (2020). Evolutionary basis for the human diet: Consequences for human health. Journal of Internal Medicine, 287(3), 226-237. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13011
  • Armelagos, G. J. (2005). Genomics at the origins of agriculture, part two. Evolutionary Anthropology, 14, 109-121. https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.20048
  • Baker, P. T. (1966). Human biological variation as an adaptive response to the environment. Eugen Q, 13(2), 81-91.
  • Baltic, M. Z. ve Boskovic, M. (2015). When man met meat: Meat in human nutrition from ancient times till today. Procedia Food Science, 5, 6-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2015.09.002
  • Bocquet-Appel, J. P. (2008). Explaining the Neolithic demographic transition. J. P. Bocquet-Appel ve O. Bar-Yosef (Eds.) içinde The Neolithic demographic transition and its consequences (ss. 35-56). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8539-0_3
  • Bock, W. J. (1980). The definition and recognition of biological adaptation. American Zoologist, 20(1), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/20.1.217
  • Bottero, J. (2023). Dünyanın en eski mutfağı. (N. Ç. Tezel, Çev.). Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Burger, J., Kirchner, M., Bramanti, B., Haak, W. ve Thomas, M. G. (2007). Absence of the lactase-persistence-associated allele in early Neolithic Europeans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 3736–3741. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0607187104
  • Capocasa, M. ve Venier, D. (2023). Opening scientific knowledge to debunk myths and lies in human nutrition. European Journal of Nutrition, 62(8), 3447–3449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03228-3
  • Carmody, R. ve Wrangham, R.W. (2009). The energetic significance of cooking. Journal of Human Evolution, 57, 379–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.011
  • Corgneau, M., Scher, J., Ritie-Pertusa, L., Le, D. T., Petit, J., Nikolova, Y., ... ve Gaiani, C (2017). Recent advances on lactose intolerance: tolerance thresholds and currently available answers. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(15), 3344–3356. http://doi:10.1080/10408398.2015.1123671
  • Cömert, M. ve Güner, E. (2020). Anadolu’da Neolitik Dönemde beslenme alışkanlıkları ve mutfak kültürü. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 3426-3440.
  • Cutright, R. E. (2021). The story of food in the human past: How what we ate made us who we are. University of Alabama Press.
  • Darwin, C.R. (1871). The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. J. Murray.
  • Diamond, J. (2010). Tüfek, mikrop, çelik. Tübitak Yayınları.
  • Dufour, D. L. ve Piperata, B. A. (2018). Reflections on nutrition in biological anthropology. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 165(4), 855-864. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23370
  • Eaton, S. B. ve Eaton, S. B. (2003). An evolutionary perspective on human physical activity: Implications for health. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 136(1), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1095-6433(03)00208-3
  • Eren, E. ve Özer, İ. (2018). Eski Anadolu Toplumlarında Beslenme Alışkanlıkları. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(Ek.1), 308-323.
  • Fazzino, D. (2008). Traditional Food Security: Tohono O’odham Traditional Foods In Transition. [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Florida Üniversitesi, Gainesville, ABD.
  • Fellows Yates, J. A., Velsko, I. M., Aron, F., Posth, C., Hofman, C. A., Austin, R. M., ... ve Krause, J. (2021). The evolution and changing ecology of the African hominid oral microbiome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(1), e2021655118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021655118
  • Gremillion, K. J. (2012). Ancestral appetites: Food in prehistory. Cambridge University Press.
  • Goude, G., Salazar‐García, D. C., Power, R. C., Rivollat, M., Gourichon, L., Deguilloux, M. F., ... ve Binder, D. (2020). New insights on Neolithic food and mobility patterns in Mediterranean coastal populations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 173(2), 218–235. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.24089
  • Haas, J. D. ve Harrison, G. G. (1977). Nutritional Anthropology and biological adaptation. Annual Review of Anthropology, 6, 69–101. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2949326
  • Jordaan, A. ve Kruger, H. (February 1998). Notes on the cuticular ultrastructure of six xerophytes from southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 64 (1), 82–85. DOI:10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30829-2
  • Katoch, G. K., Nain, N., Kaur, S. ve Rasane, P. (2022). Lactose intolerance and its dietary management: an update. Journal of the American Nutritional Association, 41, 424–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2021.1891587
  • Kremer, M. (1993). Population growth and technological change: One Million B.C. to 1990. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108, 681–716.
  • Larsen, C. S. (1995). Biological changes in human populations with agriculture. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 185–213.
  • Larsen, C. S. (2006). The agricultural revolution as environmental catastrophe: Implications for health and lifestyle in the Holocene. Quaternary International, 150, 12–20.
  • Leonard, W. R. ve Robertson, M. L. (1994). Evolutionary perspectives on human nutrition: The influence of brain and body size on diet and metabolism. American Journal of Human Biology, 6, 77–88.
  • Louwagie, V. S. (2019). Lactose intolerance. JAAPA: Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 32(11), 49-50. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000586344.04372.e6
  • Luca, F., Hudson, R. R., Witonsky, D. B. ve Di Rienzo, A. (2011). A reduced representation approach to population genetic analyses and applications to human evolution. Genome Research, 21(7), 1087-1098.
  • Mann, N. (2007). Meat in the human diet: An anthropological erspective. Nutrition and Dietetics, 64(Suppl. 4), S102–S107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0080.2007.00194.x
  • Mary Işın, P. (2023). Avcılıktan gürmeliğe yemeğin kültürel tarihi. Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Masood, F. (2020). The effect of agriculture on health in Neolithic populations in the Levant. Pathways, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.29173/pathways11
  • McCracken, R. D. (1971). Lactase deficiency: an example of dietary evolution. Current Anthropology, 12(4/5), 479-517.
  • Milton, K. (1987). Primate diets and gut morphology: Implications for hominid evolution. M. Harris and E. B. Ross (Eds.) içinde Food and evolution (s.93–132). Temple University Press.
  • Morgan, L.H. (2015). Ancient society. Andesite Press.
  • Perry, G.H., Dominy, N. J., Claw, K. G.., Lee, A. S., Fiegler, H., Redon, R. … ve Stone, A. C. (2007). Diet and the evolution of human amylase gene copy number variation. Nat. Genet. 39, 1256–1260.
  • Prosser, C. L. (1964). Perspectives of adaptation: Theoretical aspects. E. B. Dill, E. F. Adolf ve C. G. Wilber (Eds.) içinde Handbook of Physiology (Sect. 4, ss. 11-25). Am. Phys. Soc.
  • Richards, M. P., Schulting, R. J. ve Hedges, R. E. (2003). Archaeology: Sharp shift in diet at onset of Neolithic. Nature, 425, 366-366.
  • Scott-Phillips, T. (2022). Biological adaptations for cultural transmission? Biology Letters, 18(11), 20220439.
  • Selimoğlu, E., Bektaş, Y., Özkoçak, V. ve Gültekin, T. (2018). Beslenme şeklinin zaman içindeki tarihsel yolculuğu. In SETSCI Conference Indexing System (Cilt. 3, ss. 390-398).
  • Stutz, A. J., Bocquentin, F., Chamel, B. ve Anton, M. (2021). The Effects of Early Childhood Stress on Mortality under Neolithization in the Levant. Paléorient, 47 (1), 45-70.
  • Sugiyama, Y. ve Koman, J. (1992). The flora of Bossou: its utilization by chimpanzees and humans. African Studies Monographs, 13, 127–169.
  • Tishkoff, S. A., Reed, F. A., Ranciaro, A., Voight, B. F., Babbitt, C. C., Silverman, J. S., ... ve Deloukas, P. (2007). Convergent adaptation of human lactase persistence in Africa and Europe. Nature Genetics, 39, 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1946
  • Toshmatova, S. R. ve Usmonov, S. O. (2021). Biological aspects of human adaptation to environmental conditions. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 11(3), 2185-2188.
  • Uhri, A. (2003). Ateşin kültür tarihi. Dost Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Ulijaszek, S. J. (1991). Human dietary change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 334, 271–279. http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1991.0116
  • Ulijaszek, S. J., Mann, N. ve Elton, S. (2012). Evolving human nutrition: Implications for public health. Cambridge Studies in Biological,64. ISBN 978-0-521-86916-4.
  • Ungar, P. S. ve Sponheimer, M. (2011). The diets of early hominins. Science, 334(6053), 190-193. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207701
  • Ungar, P. S., Grine, F. E. ve Teaford, M. F. (2006). Diet in early Homo: A review of the evidence and a new model of adaptive versatility. Annual Review of Anthropology, 35, 209–228.
  • Veile, A. (2018). Hunter-gatherer diets and human behavioral evolution. Physiology and Behavior, 193, 190-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.05.023
  • Wang, S. ve Copeland, L. (2013). Molecular disassembly of starch granules during gelatinization and its effect on starch digestibility: A review. Food Function, 4(11), 1564-1580. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3fo60258c
  • Warneken, F. ve Rosati, A. G. (2015). Cognitive capacities for cooking in chimpanzees. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282(1814), 20150229. http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0229
  • Washburn, S. L. ve Lancaster, C. S. (1968). The evolution of hunting. R. B. Lee ve I. DeVore (Eds.), içinde Man the hunter (s. 293–303). Aldine Publishing Company
  • Wesche, S. D. ve Chan, H. M. (2010). Adapting to the impacts of climate change on food security among Inuit in the Western Canadian Arctic. EcoHealth, 7, 361-373.
  • Willis, A. ve Oxenham, M. F. (2013). The Neolithic demographic transition and oral health: The southeast Asian experience. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 152, 197–208. DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22343
  • Wrangham, R. (2017). Control of fire in the paleolithic: evaluating the cooking hypothesis. Curr. Anthropol, .58, 303-313, https://doi.org/10.1086/692113
  • Yilmaz, F., Karageorgiou, C., Kim, K., Pajic, P., Beck, C. R., Human Genome Structural Variation Consortium, Torregrossa, A., Lee, C. ve Gökçümen, Ö. (2023). Reconstruction of the human amylase locus reveals ancient duplications seeding modern-day variation. Science, 386, eadn0609. DOI:10.1126/science.adn0609
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beslenme Antropolojisi
Bölüm Değerlendirme (Derleme) Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Evrim Tekeli 0000-0002-4546-8921

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 17 Şubat 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 50

Kaynak Göster

APA Tekeli, E. (2025). Biyolojik adaptasyonun mutfakta buluşması: Beslenme alışkanlıklarının evrimsel perspektifi. Anthropology(50), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1567484

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Antropoloji’de yayımlanan makaleler ve diğer yazıların tümünün yayın hakkı Creative Commons Atıf-Gayri Ticari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC 4.0) altında lisanslanmıştır. Yani yayımlanan makale ve diğer muhtelif yazılar, başka yayınlarda ancak uygun referans gösterilerek, lisansa bağlantı sağlanarak, değişiklik yapıldıysa belirtilerek ve ticarî amaç gütmeyerek kullanılabilirler. Kısaca yazar(lar) veya okuyucu(lar) herhangi bir maddî çıkar gözetmeksizin, Antropoloji’deki yayınları basılı ve/veya elektronik olarak çoğaltmakta ve/veya yaymakta özgürdürler. Bu durum yine de lisans sahibi olarak Antropoloji’nin sizi ve çalışmanızı onaylayacağı anlamına gelmek zorunda değildir.
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