Feminist Eco-Gothic in Samanta Schweblin’s Fever Dream and Mariana Enríquez’s Under the Black Water

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 607 - 640, 29.06.2025

Esra Akgemci

https://doi.org/10.53376/ap.2025.22

Öz

Unlike Europe, where Gothic literature emerged from medieval castles and haunted mansions, the Gothic in Latin American literature originated in ordinary homes and everyday life. Today, a movement known as the “New Latin American Gothic” has emerged, led by women writers born in or after the 1970s, such as Samanta Schweblin, Mariana Enríquez, Mónica Ojeda, and Fernanda Melchor. These writers employ gothic elements to address political and social issues, revitalizing horror literature as a political critique. In Argentine literature, themes of ecological exploitation, military dictatorship, state violence, femicides, and drug-related violence manifest as elements of horror. The emergence of gothic elements in response to the ecological crisis corresponds to a new literary approach. Referred to as “eco-gothic,” this approach examines the gothic through ecocritical theories and portrays nature as a threatening space. This article argues that the eco-gothic approach in Argentine literature adopts an ecofeminist perspective to highlight extractivist processes that exploit nature and expose their impact on women. Accordingly, this article aims to analyze Samanta Schweblin’s Fever Dream and Mariana Enríquez’s Under the Black Water from an ecocritical perspective to reveal how feminist eco-gothic has developed in Argentine literature and what elements it is based on.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Argentine Literature , Feminist Eco-Gothic , Ecocriticism , Samanta Schweblin , Mariana Enríquez

Samanta Schweblin’in Kurtarma Mesafesi ve Mariana Enríquez’in Kara Suların Dibinde Eserlerinde Feminist Eko-Gotik

Öz

Latin Amerika edebiyatında gotik, Avrupa’dakinden farklı olarak Orta Çağ kaleleri ve lanetli şatolarda değil, sıradan evlerde, gündelik hayatların içinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Günümüzde Samanta Schweblin, Mariana Enríquez, Mónica Ojeda ve Fernanda Melchor gibi 1970’li yıllarda ve sonrasında doğmuş olan kadın yazarların öncülüğünde “Yeni Latin Amerika gotiği” olarak anılan bir akım gelişmiştir. Gotik unsurları siyasi ve toplumsal meseleleri ele almak için kullanan bu yazarlar, korku edebiyatını siyasetin bir eleştirisi olarak yeniden canlandırmıştır. Arjantin edebiyatında askeri diktatörlüğün, devletin suistimallerinin, kadın cinayetlerinin ve uyuşturucu kaçakçılığına bağlı şiddetin yanı sıra ekolojik sömürü de korku unsuru olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Gotik unsurların ekolojik krize verilen bir yanıt olarak belirmesi yeni bir edebi anlayışa karşılık gelir. Gotiği ekoeleştiri teorileri aracılığıyla ele alan ve “eko-gotik” olarak tanımlanan bu anlayışta doğa başlı başına tehditkâr bir alan olarak kurulur. Bu makalenin temel argümanına göre, Arjantin edebiyatında eko-gotik yaklaşım, doğayı sömüren ekstraktivist süreçlere dikkat çekmek ve bu süreçlerin kadınlar üzerindeki etkisini görünür kılmak için ekofeminist bir pozisyon almaktadır. Bu doğrultuda makalenin amacı Samanta Schweblin’in Kurtarma Mesafesi ve Mariana Enríquez’in Kara Suların Dibinde adlı eserlerini ekoeleştirel bir perspektiften inceleyerek Arjantin edebiyatında feminist eko-gotiğin nasıl geliştiğini ve hangi unsurlara dayandığını ortaya koymaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arjantin Edebiyatı , Feminist Eko-Gotik , Ekoeleştiri , Samanta Schweblin , Mariana Enríquez

Kaynakça

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