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Çilek ve Kayısı Aromalı Kefirlerin Depolanması Sırasında Mikrobiyolojik Özelliklerindeki Değişim

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 306 - 311, 25.05.2019
https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.474916

Öz

Kefir, kefir tanelerinde bulunan laktik asit bakterileri (LAB), maya ve asetik asit bakterilerinin sütteki metabolik faaliyeti
sonucu elde edilen içilebilir nitelikte fermente süt ürünüdür. Son yıllarda tüketici taleplerinde değişiklikler meydana gelmekte
ve tüketiciler meyveli ve aromalı süt ürünlerini tercih etmektedir. Bu araştırmada, inek sütü, tane kefir mayası ve meyve
aroması (çilek ve kayısı) kullanılarak üretilen meyve aromalı kefirlerin 21 günlük depolama sürecinde mikrobiyolojik
özellikleri incelenmiştir. Kefir tanesinde ve depolamanın 1., 7., 14. ve 21. günlerinde alınan meyve aromalı kefir örneklerinde
mikrobiyolojik analizler yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda toplam aerobik mezofilik bakteri (TMAB), çubuk LAB, kok LAB, maya ve
koliform grup mikroorganizma analizleri yapılmıştır. Depolama süresince çilek ve kayısı aromalı kefir örneklerinde
mikrobiyolojik özellikler değişim gösterirken, örneklerin hiçbirinde koliform bakteri tespit edilmemiştir.

Kaynakça

  • [1] V. Gotcheva, S. S. Pandiella, A. Angelov, Z. G. Roshkova, and C. Webb, “Microflora identification of the Bulgarian cereal-based fermented beverage boza”, Process Biochemistry, vol. 36, pp. 127-130, 2000.
  • [2] H. Erten, H. Tanguler, A. Canbaş, "A Traditional Turkish Lactic Acid Fermented Beverage : Shalgam (Salgam)", Food Reviews International, vol. 24, no 3, pp. 352-359, 2008.
  • [3] F. Yıldız-Akgül, A. Yetişemiyen, E. Şenel and Z. Yıldırım, "Microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of kefir produced by secondary fermentation", Mljekarstvo, vol. 68, no 3, pp. 201-213, 2018.
  • [4] S. Arslan, "A review: chemical, microbiological and nutritional characteristics of kefir", CyTA-J Food, vol. 13, pp. 340-345, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2014.981588
  • [5] M. Teijeiro, P. F. Pérez, G. L. De Antoni and M. A. Golowczyc, " Suitability of kefir powder production using spray drying", Food Research International, vol. 112, pp. 169-174, 2018.
  • [6] Z. B. Güzel Seydim, A.C. Seydim, A. K. Greene and A. B. Bodine, "Determination of organic acids and volatile flavor subtances in kefir during fermentation", J Food Comp Anal, vol. 13, pp. 35-43, 2000.
  • [7] X. Gao, B. Li, "Chemical and microbiological characteristics of kefir grains and their fermented dairy products: A review", Cogent Food Agric, vol. 2, pp. 1272152, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1272152
  • [8] F. A. Fiorda, G. V. M. Pereira, V. Thomaz-Soccol, S. K. Rakshit, M. G. B. Pagnoncelli, L. P. S. Vandenberghe and C. R. Soccol, "Microbiological, biochemical, and functional aspects of sugary kefir fermentation - A review", Food Microbiol, vol. 66, pp. 86-95, 2017.
  • [9] E. Dertli, A. H. Çon, "Microbial diversity of traditional kefir grains and their role on kefir aroma", LWT - Food Science and Technology, vol. 85, pp. 151-157, 2017.
  • [10] O. Gul, M. Mortas, I. Atalar, M. Dervisoglu and T. Kahyaoglu, "Manufacture and characterization of kefir made from cow and buffalo milk, using kefir grain and starter culture", J Dairy Sci, vol. 98, pp. 1517-1525, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2014-8755
  • [11] Z. Güler, A. Tekin and Y.W. Park, " Comparison of Biochemical Changes in Kefirs Produced from Organic and Conventional Milk at Different Inoculation Rates of Kefir Grains", J Food Sci Nutr The, vol. 2, no., pp. 008-014, 2016.
  • [12] K.T. Magalhaes, G. V. M. Pereira, C. R. Campos, G. Dragone and R. F. Schwan, "Brazilian kefir: Structure, microbial communities and chemical composition", Braz J Microbiol, vol. 42, pp. 693-702, 2011.
  • [13] A. M. O. Leite, M. A. L. Miguel, R.S. Peixoto, A. S. Rosado, J. T. Silva and V. M. F Paschoalin, "Microbiological, technological and therapeutic properties of kefir: a natural probiotic beverage", Braz J Microbiol, vol. 44, pp. 341-349, 2013.
  • [14] E. M. Esmek, N. Güzeler, "Kefir ve kefir kullanılarak yapılan bazı ürünler", Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 19, pp. 254-258, 2015.
  • [15] Y. J. Cho, D. H. Kim, D. Jeong, K. H. Seo, H. S. Jeong, H. G. Lee and H. Kim, "Characterization of yeasts isolated from kefir as a probiotic and its synergic interaction with the wine byproduct grape seed flour/extract", LWT- Food Science and Technology, vol. 90, pp. 535-539, 2018.
  • [16] L. Settanni, H. Tanguler, G. Moschetti, S. Real, V. Gargano and H. Erten, "Evolution of fermenting microbiota in tarhana produced under controlled technological conditions", Food Microbiol, vol. 28, pp. 7- 1373, 2011.
  • [17] G. H. Fleet, The microorganisms of winemarking isolation, enumaration and identification. In: Fleet GH, editor. Switzerland: Harwood Academic Pres. Chur; 1993.
  • [18] M. A. A. Gassem, "A Microbiological study of sobia: A fermented beverage in the Western province of Saudi Arabia", World J Microbiol Biotechnol, vol. 18, pp. 173-177, 2002.
  • [19] A. K. Halkman, Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları, Merck, Ankara: Başak Matbaacılık ve Tanıtım Hizmetleri Ltd. Şti, 2005.
  • [20] R. Azara, and I. A. Saidi Giyanto, "Yeast and lactic acid bacteria on kefir instant filled with flour of banana (Musa paradisiaca cultivar Mas.) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012068 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012068.
  • [21] E. R. Farnworth, "Kefir- a complex probiotic", Food Sci Technol. Bull Functional Foods, vol. 2, no 1, pp. 1-17, 2005.
  • [22] M. G. C. P. Miguel, P. G. Cardoso, L. A. Lago and R. F. Schwan, "Diversity of bacteria present in milk kefir grains using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods", Food Res Int, vol. 43, pp. 1523-1528, 2010.
  • [23] Z. Kesmen, N. Kaçmaz, "Determination of Lactic Microflora of Kefir Grains and Kefir Beverage by Using Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods", J Food Sci, vol. 76, no 5, pp. 276-283, 2011.
  • [24] T. K. Taş, F. Y. Ekinci and Z. B. Guzel-Seydim, "Identification of microbial flora in kefir grains produced in Turkey using PCR", Int J Dairy Technol, vol. 65, no 1, pp. 126-131, 2012. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00733.x
  • [25] B. Güzel-Seydim, J. T. Wyffels, A. C. Seydim and A. K. Greene, "Turkish kefir and kefir grains: microbial enumeration and electron microscobic observation", Int J Dairy Technol, vol. 58, no 1, pp. 25-29, 2005.
  • [26] Anonim. Türk Gıda Kodeksi, Fermente Süt Ürünleri Tebliği (16 Şubat 2009-27143). Tebliğ No:2009/25.
  • [27] Dinç Ayşe, "Kefirin Bazı Mikrobiyolojik ve Kimyasal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi". Yüksek lisans tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2008.
  • [28] T. K. Taş, E. İlay and A. Öker, "Pekmez ve erik kullanılarak üretilen kefirlerin bazı kalite kriterlerinin belirlenmesi", Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 2, no 2, pp. 86-91, 2014.
  • [29] A. Irigoyen, I. Arana, M. Castiella, P. Torre and F. C. Ibanez, "Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of kefir during storage", Food Chem, vol. 90, pp. 613-620, 2005.
  • [30] Z. Öner, A. G. Karahan, M. L. Çakmakçı, "Effect of different milk types and starter cultures on kefir", The J Food, vol. 35, no 3, pp. 172-182, 2010.

Change of Microbiological Properties of Strawberry and Apricot Flavored Kefir During Storage

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 306 - 311, 25.05.2019
https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.474916

Öz

Kefir is a drinkable fermented dairy product obtained from lactic acid bacteria, yeast and acetic acid bacteria found in kefir
grains, resulting in metabolic activity in the milk. In recent years, there are changes in consumer demand and fruity and
aromatic milk products are mostly preferred by consumers. In this research, microbiological properties of fruit-flavored kefir
produced by using cow milk, kefir grain and fruit flavor (apricot and strawberry) were investigated during 21 days of storage.
Microbiological analyzes were carried out for fruit-flavored kefir samples on the 1st, 7th, 14
th and 21st days of storage and kefir
grains. In this context, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Lactobacillus spp and Lactococcus spp., yeast and coliform group
microorganism analyzes were performed. While the microbiological properties of apricot and strawberry flavored kefir
samples showed change during storage, coliform bacteria were not found in any of the samples.

Kaynakça

  • [1] V. Gotcheva, S. S. Pandiella, A. Angelov, Z. G. Roshkova, and C. Webb, “Microflora identification of the Bulgarian cereal-based fermented beverage boza”, Process Biochemistry, vol. 36, pp. 127-130, 2000.
  • [2] H. Erten, H. Tanguler, A. Canbaş, "A Traditional Turkish Lactic Acid Fermented Beverage : Shalgam (Salgam)", Food Reviews International, vol. 24, no 3, pp. 352-359, 2008.
  • [3] F. Yıldız-Akgül, A. Yetişemiyen, E. Şenel and Z. Yıldırım, "Microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of kefir produced by secondary fermentation", Mljekarstvo, vol. 68, no 3, pp. 201-213, 2018.
  • [4] S. Arslan, "A review: chemical, microbiological and nutritional characteristics of kefir", CyTA-J Food, vol. 13, pp. 340-345, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2014.981588
  • [5] M. Teijeiro, P. F. Pérez, G. L. De Antoni and M. A. Golowczyc, " Suitability of kefir powder production using spray drying", Food Research International, vol. 112, pp. 169-174, 2018.
  • [6] Z. B. Güzel Seydim, A.C. Seydim, A. K. Greene and A. B. Bodine, "Determination of organic acids and volatile flavor subtances in kefir during fermentation", J Food Comp Anal, vol. 13, pp. 35-43, 2000.
  • [7] X. Gao, B. Li, "Chemical and microbiological characteristics of kefir grains and their fermented dairy products: A review", Cogent Food Agric, vol. 2, pp. 1272152, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1272152
  • [8] F. A. Fiorda, G. V. M. Pereira, V. Thomaz-Soccol, S. K. Rakshit, M. G. B. Pagnoncelli, L. P. S. Vandenberghe and C. R. Soccol, "Microbiological, biochemical, and functional aspects of sugary kefir fermentation - A review", Food Microbiol, vol. 66, pp. 86-95, 2017.
  • [9] E. Dertli, A. H. Çon, "Microbial diversity of traditional kefir grains and their role on kefir aroma", LWT - Food Science and Technology, vol. 85, pp. 151-157, 2017.
  • [10] O. Gul, M. Mortas, I. Atalar, M. Dervisoglu and T. Kahyaoglu, "Manufacture and characterization of kefir made from cow and buffalo milk, using kefir grain and starter culture", J Dairy Sci, vol. 98, pp. 1517-1525, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2014-8755
  • [11] Z. Güler, A. Tekin and Y.W. Park, " Comparison of Biochemical Changes in Kefirs Produced from Organic and Conventional Milk at Different Inoculation Rates of Kefir Grains", J Food Sci Nutr The, vol. 2, no., pp. 008-014, 2016.
  • [12] K.T. Magalhaes, G. V. M. Pereira, C. R. Campos, G. Dragone and R. F. Schwan, "Brazilian kefir: Structure, microbial communities and chemical composition", Braz J Microbiol, vol. 42, pp. 693-702, 2011.
  • [13] A. M. O. Leite, M. A. L. Miguel, R.S. Peixoto, A. S. Rosado, J. T. Silva and V. M. F Paschoalin, "Microbiological, technological and therapeutic properties of kefir: a natural probiotic beverage", Braz J Microbiol, vol. 44, pp. 341-349, 2013.
  • [14] E. M. Esmek, N. Güzeler, "Kefir ve kefir kullanılarak yapılan bazı ürünler", Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 19, pp. 254-258, 2015.
  • [15] Y. J. Cho, D. H. Kim, D. Jeong, K. H. Seo, H. S. Jeong, H. G. Lee and H. Kim, "Characterization of yeasts isolated from kefir as a probiotic and its synergic interaction with the wine byproduct grape seed flour/extract", LWT- Food Science and Technology, vol. 90, pp. 535-539, 2018.
  • [16] L. Settanni, H. Tanguler, G. Moschetti, S. Real, V. Gargano and H. Erten, "Evolution of fermenting microbiota in tarhana produced under controlled technological conditions", Food Microbiol, vol. 28, pp. 7- 1373, 2011.
  • [17] G. H. Fleet, The microorganisms of winemarking isolation, enumaration and identification. In: Fleet GH, editor. Switzerland: Harwood Academic Pres. Chur; 1993.
  • [18] M. A. A. Gassem, "A Microbiological study of sobia: A fermented beverage in the Western province of Saudi Arabia", World J Microbiol Biotechnol, vol. 18, pp. 173-177, 2002.
  • [19] A. K. Halkman, Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları, Merck, Ankara: Başak Matbaacılık ve Tanıtım Hizmetleri Ltd. Şti, 2005.
  • [20] R. Azara, and I. A. Saidi Giyanto, "Yeast and lactic acid bacteria on kefir instant filled with flour of banana (Musa paradisiaca cultivar Mas.) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 420 (2018) 012068 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012068.
  • [21] E. R. Farnworth, "Kefir- a complex probiotic", Food Sci Technol. Bull Functional Foods, vol. 2, no 1, pp. 1-17, 2005.
  • [22] M. G. C. P. Miguel, P. G. Cardoso, L. A. Lago and R. F. Schwan, "Diversity of bacteria present in milk kefir grains using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods", Food Res Int, vol. 43, pp. 1523-1528, 2010.
  • [23] Z. Kesmen, N. Kaçmaz, "Determination of Lactic Microflora of Kefir Grains and Kefir Beverage by Using Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods", J Food Sci, vol. 76, no 5, pp. 276-283, 2011.
  • [24] T. K. Taş, F. Y. Ekinci and Z. B. Guzel-Seydim, "Identification of microbial flora in kefir grains produced in Turkey using PCR", Int J Dairy Technol, vol. 65, no 1, pp. 126-131, 2012. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00733.x
  • [25] B. Güzel-Seydim, J. T. Wyffels, A. C. Seydim and A. K. Greene, "Turkish kefir and kefir grains: microbial enumeration and electron microscobic observation", Int J Dairy Technol, vol. 58, no 1, pp. 25-29, 2005.
  • [26] Anonim. Türk Gıda Kodeksi, Fermente Süt Ürünleri Tebliği (16 Şubat 2009-27143). Tebliğ No:2009/25.
  • [27] Dinç Ayşe, "Kefirin Bazı Mikrobiyolojik ve Kimyasal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi". Yüksek lisans tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2008.
  • [28] T. K. Taş, E. İlay and A. Öker, "Pekmez ve erik kullanılarak üretilen kefirlerin bazı kalite kriterlerinin belirlenmesi", Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 2, no 2, pp. 86-91, 2014.
  • [29] A. Irigoyen, I. Arana, M. Castiella, P. Torre and F. C. Ibanez, "Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of kefir during storage", Food Chem, vol. 90, pp. 613-620, 2005.
  • [30] Z. Öner, A. G. Karahan, M. L. Çakmakçı, "Effect of different milk types and starter cultures on kefir", The J Food, vol. 35, no 3, pp. 172-182, 2010.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Dilek Say

Hasan Tangüler Bu kişi benim

Nuray Güzeler

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

IEEE D. Say, H. Tangüler, ve N. Güzeler, “Çilek ve Kayısı Aromalı Kefirlerin Depolanması Sırasında Mikrobiyolojik Özelliklerindeki Değişim”, APJES, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 306–311, 2019, doi: 10.21541/apjes.474916.