ARI SÜTÜ 10-HDA İÇERİĞİNİ ETKİLEYEN BAZI FAKTÖRLER

Öz

Bal arılarının bitkisel üretimde tozlaşmaya olan katkısı bilinen bir gerçektir. Bunun yanında arıcılık faaliyetleri elde edilen ürünler hem işletmeye sağladığı gelir hem de insan sağlığına olan katkısı açısından önemli bir yere sahiptir. Her geçen gün kullanımı artan arı sütü, genç işçi arıların hipofarengeal ve mandibular bezlerinden salgılanan homojen bir yapıda, rengi kremsiden koyu sarıya kadar değişebilen akıcı jel kıvamında bir sıvıdır. Arı sütü genç larvaların beslenmesi ve buna bağlı olarak koloni içerisinde sosyal sınıfların belirlenmesi için esastır. Karmaşık kimyasal yapısının da etkisiyle uzun yıllardır apiterapide kullanılan arı sütünün yapısında hormonal etkinliğinin de olduğu ileri sürülen ve ayırıcı özellik olarak değerlendirilen kısa zincirli hidroksi yağ asitleri bulunmaktadır. Arı sütünün ana yağ asidi olarak kabul edilen 10-hidroksi-2-dekonoik asit (10-HDA), kuru ağırlığının yaklaşık %0.5-3.5’ini oluşturmaktadır. Bununla birlikte ürünün kimyasal bileşimi ve biyoaktif özellikleri çeşitli faktörlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Bu derlemede, önceki çalışmalar dikkate alınarak arı sütünün saflığı ve kalitesi için kriter olarak öne çıkan 10-HDA içeriğini etkilemesi olası bazı faktörler değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Arı sütü
• 10-HDA
• Tağşiş ve Taklit

SOME FACTORS AFFECTING ROYAL JELLY 10-HDA CONTENT

Öz

The contribution of honey bees to pollination in plant production is a known fact. In addition, the products obtained from beekeeping activities have an important place in terms of both the income they provide to the enterprise and their contribution to human health. Royal jelly, the use of which is increasing day by day, is a homogeneous liquid secreted from the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of young worker bees with a homogeneous structure and a fluid gel consistency that can vary in color from creamy to dark yellow. Royal jelly is essential for the nutrition of young larvae and, accordingly, for the determination of social classes within the colony. Royal jelly, which has been used in apitherapy for many years due to its complex chemical structure, contains short-chain hydroxy fatty acids, which are claimed to have hormonal activity and are considered a distinctive feature. 10-hydroxy-2-deconoic acid (10-HDA), which is considered the main fatty acid of royal jelly, constitutes approximately 0.5–3.5% of its dry weight. However, the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the product can be affected by various factors. In this review, some of the factors that are likely to affect the 10-HDA content, which stands out as a criterion for the purity and quality of royal jelly, were evaluated taking into account previous studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Royal jelly
• 10-HDA
• Adulteration and Imitation

Kaynakça

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