EFFECT OF PESTICIDE USE ON HONEYBEES (APIS MELLİFERA L.)

Öz

Pesticides are chemicals that represent a wide variety of chemical compounds such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and plant growth regulators, are widely used throughout the world, and are in the second group after fertilizers in terms of quantity. Pesticides harm not only pollinators but also the entire environment and natural life. Honey bees are the most economically important pollinator insects around the world. Due to a deficiency in the number of genes encoding detoxification enzymes, honeybees are much more sensitive to toxins than other insects. For this reason, farmers' application of pesticides during the flowering period of plants has great destructive effects on bees. In order to make the beekeeping sector sustainable, farmers engaged in crop production and beekeepers should communicate among themselves. It is very important to move the hives or close the flight holes at the time of pesticide application.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Honeybee
• Pesticide
• Honey
• Pollen
• Toxin

PESTİSİT KULLANIMININ BALARILARI (APİS MELLİFERA L.)ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Pestisit, insektisitler, herbisitler, fungisitler ve bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri gibi çok çeşitli kimyasal bileşikleri ifade eden, dünya genelinde yaygın bir şekilde kullanılan, miktar bakımından gübrelerden sonra ikinci grupta yer alan kimyasallardır. Pestisitler sadece polinatörlere değil tüm çevreye ve doğal yaşama zarar vermektedir. Bal arıları, tüm dünyada ekonomik açıdan en önemli tozlayıcı böceklerdir. Detoksifikasyon enzimlerini kodlayan genlerin sayısındaki eksiklik nedeniyle, bal arıları toksinlere karşı diğer böceklere göre çok daha hassastır. Bu nedenle, çiftçilerin, bitkilerin çiçeklenme döneminde pestisit uygulamaları arılar üzerinde oldukça büyük yıkıcı etkileri olmaktadır. Arıcılık sektörünü sürdürülebilir kılmak için, bitkisel üretim yapan çiftçiler ile arıcılar kendi aralarında iletişim içerisinde olmalıdır. Pestisit uygulama zamanında kovanların taşınması veya uçuş deliklerinin kapatılması oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Balarısı
• Pestisit
• Bal
• Polen
• Toksin

Kaynakça

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